Unit 5Unit 5Part 1: Maintaining a Healthy Weight

Hunger vs. AppetiteHunger vs. AppetiteHunger- the body’s physical

response to the need for food!

Appetite- a desire to eat certain foods (NOT A NEED)

Hunger SignsHunger Signs Feeling Feeling FullFullStomach

growlingLightheadedUnable to

concentrate

When you have eaten enough, other signals from the brain and digestive tract make you feel full and satisfied.

This full feeling is called satiety.

What foods do you What foods do you choose?choose?The amount and type of food you

choose to eat are affected by many factors:◦The smell and taste of the food◦Mood◦Family traditions◦Social occasions◦Religious traditions◦Health concerns◦Advertising◦Cost and availability

Food provides energyFood provides energyCalories- amount

of energy-giving nutrients

After you have eaten a meal, your digestive system breaks down the food

Some of the energy released from food is used almost immediately to fuel the thousands of reactions in your body that keep you alive.

Extra food energy that is not needed immediately is stored by the body in two forms--- glycogen and fat!

Energy StorageEnergy StorageMost of the energy

stored in the body is stored as fat.

Fat can provide most of the body’s energy, but small amounts of glucose are also needed.

Glycogen can be broken down quickly to glucose.

When the limited glycogen stores are used up, body proteins are needed to form glucose.

How Much Energy?How Much Energy?Most of the food

energy the body needs is used for basic functions, such as breathing, circulating blood, and growing.

The amount of energy needed for these basic functions is called the Basal metabolic rate.

BMR is the rate at which your body uses energy to stay alive when you are in a rested, fasting state.

Calorie requirements differ for boys and girls. ON average, boys require more Calories per day than girls.

Ex: ◦ An active, 15-year-old

boy needs about 3000 calories per day.

◦ An active 15-year-old girl needs about 2,300 calories per day.

Balancing EnergyBalancing EnergyWhen the amount

of food energy you take in is equal to the amount of energy you use, you are in energy balance.

Eating more or less food than you need will cause you to be out of balance.

Eating more food than you need will most likely cause you to gain weight

Eating less food than you need decreases the body’s fat stores and causes weight loss

PlanningPlanningPreplan and Set

Goals!Exercise and having

a healthy diet!When setting goals

make sure that are feasible!

If you set unrealistic goals, the failure to achieve the often causes a cycle of dieting and disappointment throughout life.

A successful weight management plan should include foods that you like and physical activities that you enjoy!

Lose fat NOT muscle!

Make a lifestyle change, don’t diet!

Choose activity over sitting around!

Body CompositionBody CompositionIs the measure of the proportion of

body weight that is made up of fat tissue compared to bone and muscle.

The percentage of body weight that is body fat is affected by sex and age

The term overweight makes no allowances for body composition.◦Which means, using body weight alone to

decide the need for fat loss is unreliable!

Body Mass Index (BMI)Body Mass Index (BMI)The index of weight in relation to height

that is used to assess healthy body weight.

Adults are said to have a healthy body weight if their BMI is between 18.5 and 25.

Some athletes who have a lot of muscle and little fat may have a BMI in the unhealthy range, but if their body composition is measures, one can see that their level of body fat is within a healthy range.

Calculating you BMICalculating you BMIBMI= weight (lb) ÷ height (in) ÷ height (in) X

703

Healthy BMI:Boys: Age-14 15.9-22.6Girls: Age- 14 15.8-23.3Boys: Age-15 16.5-23.4Girls: Age- 15 16.2-24Boys: Age-16 17.1-24.2Girls: Age- 16 16.7-24.6

Homework due Homework due THURSDAY!THURSDAY!You are to choose

one diet or product that is used for weight loss.

Research additional information on one diet or product such as claims made about the product, its cost, whether it leads to healthy weight loss, and its reported effects on health.

You are to create a poster or a PowerPoint of your findings.

EXAMPLES:◦ Low Carbohydrate

Diets◦ Liquid Formulas◦ Stimulants (bitter

orange, caffeine)◦ Fasting◦ Diuretics (water pills)◦ Surgery

◦ Pg.200 in Health Book