Unit 9: World War I (1914-1918Georgia Performance StandardsSS8H7: The student will evaluate key political, social, and economic changes that occurred in Georgia between 1877-1919. d. Give reasons for World War I and describe Georgia’s contributions

Warm-up for March 12, 2012

• Writing Prompt Topic: What do you think is the difference between a “war” and a “world war”?

Unit 9 Vocabulary OrganizerVocabulary Term Definition Fact, Example, or Clue

Allied Powers p. 352

Central Powers p. 352

Imperialism p. 351

Nationalism p. 351

Militarism p. 352

Woodrow Wilson p. 352

Selective Service Act p. 353

Prohibition p. 358

Nineteenth Amendment p. 358

Boll Weevil p. 364

Kaolin p. 363

Great Depression p. 372

Eugene Talmadge p. 378

New Deal p. 377

Name____________________Date_____________________Class Period______

Warm-up for March 13, 2012World War I 1914-1918

Writing Prompt Topic

• Find a partner and answer the following questions:

1. Explain your understanding of the word alliance.

2. Discuss a time in your life when an alliance with a friend, family member, or someone else has caused problems.

• Be ready to share your answers will the class!

Causes of World War I

• Militarism – building up armed forces, getting ready for war

• Alliances – agreements or promises to defend and help another country

• Imperialism – trying to build up an empire (powerful country that controls several less powerful countries

• Nationalism – having pride in your country, willing to defend it

Militarism• There was competition over land in Europe.• Armies and navies were greatly expanded. The

standing armies of France and Germany doubled in size between 1870 and 1914.

• Naval expansion was also extremely competitive, particularly between Germany and Great Britain.

• Russia wanted to expand its land and gain access to warm water ports. These ports would give the Russian navy the Mediterranean Sea.

• Germany began a military buildup and increased its navy.

Alliance• An agreement among people or nations to

unite for a common cause. • Each member of an alliance agrees to

help the other members in case one is attacked.

Imperialism• Great Britain, Germany and France needed

foreign markets after the increase in manufacturing caused by the Industrial Revolution.

• These countries competed for economic expansion in Africa.

• Although Britain and France resolved their differences in Africa, several crises foreshadowing the war involved the clash of Germany against Britain and France in North Africa.

Nationalism• Pride in one’s country; nations sought their own

interests over others.• In the 19th century, nationalism took the form of

people struggling for independence.• Serbia was at the center of the nationalist

movement in an area of Europe known as the Balkans

• What happened in the Balkans was a spark that started the war.

• Serbia considered Austria-Hungary as an enemy because Serbs in Austria-Hungary wanted to unite with Serbia and create a larger Serbian state.

The events that followed…

• Because of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June of 1914 by a member of a nationalistic secret Serbian society, the emperor of Austria-Hungary declared war of Serbia.

Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

The events that followed…

• Russia sent troops to defend Serbia because Russia had a separate treaty with Serbia. Russia supported Serbia because they were both of a similar ethnic backgrounds.

Russia sent troops to defend Serbia

Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

The events that followed…

• Since Germany had a treaty with Austria-Hungary (the Central Powers A.K.A. Triple Alliance), Germany declared war on Russia.

Germany declared war on Russia

Russia sent troops to defend Serbia

Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

The events that followed…

And so the war begins!

Germany declared war on France

Germany declared war on Russia

Russia sent troops to defend Serbia

Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia

Things changed during the warThe Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente turned

into these two WWI alliances.

The Central powersAustria-Hungary

GermanyTurkey (Ottoman Empire)

The Allied PowersRussiaFrance

United KingdomItaly

United States

The Triple Entente plus more formed the Allied Powers

The Triple Alliance plus more formed the Center Powers

Some of the Technological Advances and Strategies

from WWI

• Tank

• Airplanes

• Machine Gun

• Gas used as a weapon

• Flamethrower

• Trench Warfare

Homework questions due tomorrow!

1. How did civilians (non-military people) contribute to the war effort? Give specific examples.

2. What were the 4 main reasons for WWI? 3. What was President Wilson’s position on

WWI when it started? 4. How did women support the war? 5. How did Georgia contribute to WWI?

America’s Position in WWI• At the beginning of WWI, the U.S. did NOT want to go to war.

President Woodrow Wilson promised to keep U.S. neutral and out of the war.

• Why was U.S. drawn into the war?1. Telegram from Germany to Mexico (think about video

yesterday) 2. German U-boats (submarines) sank British ship with 128

Americans on board3. German U-boats (submarines) started to sink cargo ships. This

angered Americans.

• Some politicians disagreed with entering the war (Tom Watson).

America’s Efforts in WWI• Selective Service Act- U.S. law requiring all men 21-31 yrs.

old to register with the government. This was used to select men to go to war (the draft).

• U.S. troops arrived in Europe in June 1917. More than 100,000 Georgians served in WWI from 1917-1918.

• The need for war supplies and materials improved

Georgia’s/U.S.A’s economy: coal, iron, steel, wagons, timber, cotton, uniforms, food, etc…

• Americans bought bonds to help pay for war.

How women helped in WWI:

• Women worked in the Red Cross to help soldiers.

• Women sewed clothing/uniforms for soldiers.

• Women collected food/scrap metal to donate to military.

Effects of WWI• When did WWI end? November 1918

(It lasted for 4 years.)

• Congress passed laws prohibiting anyone to talk against the president, the war, the draft, and the flag. Free speech was restricted because people were afraid for the nation’s security.

• About 16 million people died in WWI. More than 100,000 Americans died.

World War I video clip

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=A1EDA1F3-8DB3-414D-ACC3-5D3B3BE753E4&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

(6 minutes and 21 seconds)

List 5 facts from the video. Use the same paper as your homework questions.

The War is Over!

Leaders come together to decide the terms of the Treaty of Versailles.