Unit: Cellular Structure & Function

How are plant and animal Cells different from each other? Although Plants and Animals are both

EUKARYOTES, there are some differences

between the cells of plants and animals.

Plants have THREE PARTS that animal

cells lack.

1. Cell Wall

Description

Structure that surrounds the plant cell membrane & is made of cellulose

Function Protects the plant cell

and gives it support & structure

2. Central Vacuole Description~ membrane bound cavity in

plant cells used for storage(H20,ions,nutrients,etc)

 This takes up much of the volume in a plant cell.

If the Central Vacuole is full, it presses the cytoplasm against the cell wall, making the cell rigid. This enables a plant to stand upright.

Function

This is the organelle

where photosynthesis

occurs!

Chloroplasts have their own DNA like mitochondria

3. Chloroplasts

Description-mitochondria and chloroplasts

were once prokaryotic cells that were taken in

by other prokaryotes.• Creation of first eukaryotic “organelles”• Prokaryotes evolved into eukaryotes

Endosymbiotic Theory

Why are plants green? Chlorophyll- green pigment found in

chloroplasts that trap sunlight

needed for this photosynthesis.

Chloroplasts are found only in photosynthetic

organisms (plant cells, some bacteria, some

protists). These are organisms that make their own

food (autotrophs)

Why is photosynthesis so important?

Chloroplasts make an energy source (carbs)

that a plant’s mitochondria can use to create

ATP energy.

• Animals get carbs for energy from plants we eat.

Source of energy for ALL life on Earth!!!

Reactants1. Water2. Carbon Dioxide3. Sunlight

Products1. Oxygen gas2. Glucose (a carb)

Photosynthesis in Plant Cells

Photosynthesis in Plant Cells

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

Comparison of Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration

Cell wall for structure AND cell membrane.

Larger vacuoles.Chloroplasts

Cell membrane only.Small vacuoles.No chloroplasts.

Summary of the differences between

plant and animal cells