Unit Two: Chapter 8

• compensate • moderate

• conceive • supplement

• derive • surpass

• diversity • tentative

• inhibit • verify

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

1 compensate

Compensate means A. to notice. B. to pay. C. to hire.

• Some companies still don’t compensate women for their work as much as they pay men who do similar work.

– verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Compensate means A. to notice. B. to pay. C. to hire.

In the first item, the word pay is a clue. In the second item the word repay is a clue. The company paid Sam’s widow $100,000.

• Some companies still don’t compensate women for their work as much as they pay men who do similar work.

1 compensate – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

2 conceive – verb

Conceive means A. to think of. B. to expect. C. to remember.

• Most people in the 1800s could not have imagined such things as TV and heart transplants. What will the next hundred years bring that we cannot yet conceive of?

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Conceive means A. to think of. B. to expect. C. to remember.

When studying Australia, the student thought of an interesting project. Just as people in the 1800s couldn’t think of such things as TV, we cannot now think of things that will exist a hundred years from now.

• Most people in the 1800s could not have imagined such things as TV and heart transplants. What will the next hundred years bring that we cannot yet conceive of?

2 conceive – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

3 derive – verb

Derive means A. to recognize. B. to get. C. to want.

• We derive plastics from oil. As a result, when oil prices go up, so do the prices of plastic products.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Derive means A. to recognize. B. to get. C. to want.

Because we get plastics from oil, the price of plastic products goes up when oil prices go up. If Sarah enjoys their company and feels she is doing something worthwhile, she must get pleasure from visiting and reading to old people.

• We derive plastics from oil. As a result, when oil prices go up, so do the prices of plastic products.

3 derive – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

• “One thing I’m looking for in a college,” Janelle told her counselor, “is diversity. I want to meet many different kinds of people.”

4 diversity

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Diversity means A. sameness. B. need. C. variety.

– noun

“Our office has been nominated to receive an award for

Diversity in the Workplace!”

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT

• “One thing I’m looking for in a college,” Janelle told her counselor, “is diversity. I want to meet many different kinds of people.”

Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Diversity means A. sameness. B. need. C. variety.

If there are so many different kinds of cereals, there must be a great variety of cereals. If Janelle wants to meet many different kinds of people, she wants her college to have a variety of people.

4 diversity – noun

“Our office has been nominated to receive an award for

Diversity in the Workplace!”

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Inhibit means A. to hold back. B. to get into the habit. C. to satisfy.

5 inhibit – verb

• Steve wanted to drive fast in his new car, but the fact that he had already gotten two speeding tickets inhibited him.

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Inhibit means A. to hold back. B. to get into the habit. C. to satisfy.

Having already gotten two speeding tickets would hold Steve back from driving fast. In contrast with people who think exercise makes one eat more, the speaker finds it holds back his or her urge to snack.

• Steve wanted to drive fast in his new car, but the fact that he had already gotten two speeding tickets inhibited him.

5 inhibit – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Moderate means A. modern. B. average. C. difficult.

• The trail was neither flat nor extremely steep—it was moderate, suitable for the average hiker.

6 moderate – adjective

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Moderate means A. modern. B. average. C. difficult.

• The trail was neither flat nor extremely steep—it was moderate, suitable for the average hiker.

If the trail is not flat or extremely steep, it must be average. The word average is a clue. If the prices aren’t dirt cheap but one can have a nice meal without spending too much, the prices must be average.

6 moderate – adjective

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Supplement means A. to replace. B. to add to. C. to reduce.

• Many people supplement their diet with vitamins.

7 supplement – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Supplement means A. to replace. B. to add to. C. to reduce.

• Many people supplement their diet with vitamins.

Vitamins are something people add to their diet. The department store would add temporary workers to their sales staff to handle the extra customers.

These pills add calcium to one’s diet.

7 supplement – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Surpass means A. to go beyond. B. to avoid. C. to equal.

• With hard work, you can reach and even surpass many of your highest goals.

8 surpass – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Surpass means A. to go beyond. B. to avoid. C. to equal.

• With hard work, you can reach and even surpass many of your highest goals.

Not only can you reach your highest goals; you can even go beyond them. If Denise was disappointed to have only matched Rhonda’s record, she must have hoped to go beyond it.

8 surpass – verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Tentative means A. clear. B. uncertain. C. early.

• My parents’ wedding anniversary party date is tentative. Before we finalize the date, we have to be sure that everyone can be with us that weekend.

9 tentative – adjective

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Tentative means A. clear. B. uncertain. C. early.

• My parents’ wedding anniversary party date is tentative. Before we finalize the date, we have to be sure that everyone can be with us that weekend.

If they have not finalized the date yet, the date must be uncertain. If students were still dropping and adding courses, class membership would be uncertain.

9 tentative – adjective

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Verify means A. to predict. B. to deny. C. to make sure.

10 verify • We’d love to come to the party, but I have to check my calendar

to verify that we’re free that evening.

– verb

TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.

Verify means A. to predict. B. to deny. C. to make sure.

• We’d love to come to the party, but I have to check my calendar to verify that we’re free that evening.

Race officials would want to make sure who the winner was. One would check one’s calendar to make sure he or she was available on the evening of the party.

10 verify – verb