univeristy of michigan study: climate change
DESCRIPTION
This presentation show that our climate will be changing, if we don't any thing about it.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Source: NASA
![Page 2: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© Steve Cole/Photodisc/Getty Images
![Page 3: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Global Carbon Emissions from Fossil Fuels
Source: U.S. Department of Energy/CDIAC
Mill
ion
Metr
ic T
on
s of
Carb
on
1850 – 20091850 – 2009
![Page 4: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
© 2008 EPA/Everett Kennedy Brown/Landov
![Page 5: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Some energy is radiated backinto space by the Earth inthe form of infrared waves
Some energy is radiated backinto space by the Earth inthe form of infrared waves
Some of this outgoing infrared radiation is trapped by the Earth’s atmosphere and warms it
Some of this outgoing infrared radiation is trapped by the Earth’s atmosphere and warms it
Most of this radiation is absorbed by theEarth and warms it
Most of this radiation is absorbed by theEarth and warms it
![Page 6: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0
Age (years BP)
300
180
200
220
240
260
280
CO
2 C
once
ntra
tion
CO
2 (
ppm
v)
Source: National Climatic Data Center, NOAA
![Page 7: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
300
180
200
220
240
260
280
CO
2 C
once
ntra
tion
Tem
pera
ture
800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0
Age (years BP)
CO
2 (
ppm
v)
Source: National Climatic Data Center, NOAA
![Page 8: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
CO
2 C
once
ntra
tion
400
320
340
360
380
300
180
200
220
240
260
280
2013 CO2 Concentration: 4002013 CO2 Concentration: 400
Tem
pera
ture
800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0
Age (years BP)
CO
2 (
ppm
v)
Source: National Climatic Data Center, NOAA
![Page 9: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2013 CO2 Concentration: 4002013 CO2 Concentration: 400
CO
2 C
once
ntra
tion
400
320
340
360
380
300
180
200
220
240
260
280
Tem
pera
ture
800,000 700,000 600,000 500,000 400,000 300,000 200,000 100,000 0
Age (years BP)
CO
2 (
ppm
v)
After 40 more years at the current rate of increase
After 40 more years at the current rate of increase
Source: National Climatic Data Center, NOAA
![Page 10: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
As CO2 Increases, So Does the Temperature2000 Years of CO2 and Global Temperature
Data: (Temperature) Thompson, et al., “Abrupt Tropical Climate Change: Past and Present,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 103, no. 28 (CO2) Australian Academy of Science; Etheridge, et al., “Law Dome CO2, CH4 and N2O ice core records extended to 2000 years BP,” Geophysical Research Letters 33,doi. 10.1029/2006GL026152, 2006. © 2006 American Geophysical Union. Reproduced/modified by permission of American Geophysical Union.
![Page 11: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Summer Temperatures Have Shifted•1951 – 1980
Freq
uen
cy o
f O
ccu
rren
ce
Source: NASA/GISS; Hansen, et al., “Perceptions of Climate Change,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073, August 2012
Deviation from Mean
0 1 2 3 4 5-1-2-3-4-5
Cooler than average
Average
Warmer than average
Baseline (1951 - 1980) mean
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
![Page 12: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Summer Temperatures Have Shifted
•1981 – 1991
Freq
uen
cy o
f O
ccu
rren
ce
Deviation from Mean
0 1 2 3 4 5-1-2-3-4-5
Cooler than average
Average
Warmer than average
Baseline (1951 - 1980) mean
Source: NASA/GISS; Hansen, et al., “Perceptions of Climate Change,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073, August 2012
Extremely hot
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
![Page 13: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Summer Temperatures Have Shifted
•1991 – 2001
Freq
uen
cy o
f O
ccu
rren
ce
Deviation from Mean
0 1 2 3 4 5-1-2-3-4-5
Cooler than average
Average
Warmer than average
Baseline (1951 - 1980) mean
Source: NASA/GISS; Hansen, et al., “Perceptions of Climate Change,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073, August 2012
Extremely hot
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
![Page 14: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Summer Temperatures Have Shifted
•2001 – 2011
Freq
uen
cy o
f O
ccu
rren
ce
Deviation from Mean
0 1 2 3 4 5-1-2-3-4-5
Cooler than average
Average
Warmer than average
Baseline (1951 - 1980) mean
Source: NASA/GISS; Hansen, et al., “Perceptions of Climate Change,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 10.1073, August 2012
Extremely hot
The “extreme” temperature events used to cover 0.1% of the Earth. Now they cover 10%.
The “extreme” temperature events used to cover 0.1% of the Earth. Now they cover 10%.
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
![Page 15: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Twelve Hottest Years on Record
Source: NASA/GISS
20092009 20072007 19981998 20022002
20062006 20122012 20112011 20042004 20012001
20102010 20052005
20032003
![Page 16: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Hottest Year Ever Measured(Statistically tied with 2005)
Source: NASA/GISS
![Page 17: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
2012 was the 36th consecutive year with a
global temperature above the 20th century
average
![Page 18: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Reagan National Airport, Washington, D.C.
July 6, 2012
© 2012 Phillip Dugaw
![Page 20: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Australia Heat Forecast: January 4, 2013
50°
40°
30°
20°
10°
0°
-10°
-20°
-30°
Data: Commonwealth of Australia, 2013 Australian Bureau of Meteorology
![Page 21: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Australia Heat Forecast: January 14, 2013
50°
40°
30°
20°
10°
0°
-10°
-20°
-30°
54°
Data: Commonwealth of Australia, 2013 Australian Bureau of Meteorology
Two New Colors Had to Be Added to the Map
![Page 22: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Change in Annual Global Temperature
•1880 – 2010
An
om
aly
Rela
tive t
o 1
901 –
200
0 M
ean
(°C
)
1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2010
Source: National Climatic Data Center, NOAA
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
-0.25
-0.5
![Page 23: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Increase in Heavy Precipitation Days
Source: Alexander, L. V., et al., “Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation,” J. Geophys. Res., 111, D05109, doi:10.1029/2005JD006290, 2006. © 2006 American Geophysical Union. Reproduced by permission of American Geophysical Union.
2
1
0
-1
-2
-3
•Worldwide
![Page 24: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
“Global warming is contributing to an increased incidence of
extreme weather because the environment
in which all storms form has changed from human
activities.”
National Center for Atmospheric Research
June 15, 2011
![Page 25: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
“The only plausible explanation for the rise in weather-related
catastrophes is climate change.”
Munich Re
One of the two largest reinsurance companies in the world
September 27, 2010
![Page 26: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Hurricane SandyHurricane SandyOctober 29, 2012October 29, 2012
© 2012 NASA Photo via Getty Images
![Page 27: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
New Jersey CoastlineNew Jersey CoastlineOctober 30, 2012October 30, 2012
© 2012 Reuters/U.S. Air Force/Master Sgt. Mark C. Olsen/Handout© 2012 Reuters/U.S. Air Force/Master Sgt. Mark C. Olsen/Handout
![Page 28: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
East Haven, ConnecticutEast Haven, ConnecticutOctober 30, 2012October 30, 2012
© 2012 AP Photo/Jessica Hill© 2012 AP Photo/Jessica Hill
![Page 29: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Breezy Point, Queens, New YorkBreezy Point, Queens, New YorkOctober 30, 2012October 30, 2012
© 2012 AP Photo/Mike Groll© 2012 AP Photo/Mike Groll
![Page 30: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Manhattan, New YorkManhattan, New YorkOctober 29, 2012October 29, 2012
© 2012 Christos Pathiakis/Getty Images
![Page 31: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Causing biggerand more frequent
FLOODS
So the rainstorms(and snowstorms)
are gettingbigger
andmore intense
![Page 32: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
© 2010 Reuters/Ho New
![Page 33: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Sukkur, PakistanSukkur, PakistanAugust 8, 2010August 8, 2010
© 2010 Reuters/Akhtar Soomro
![Page 34: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Valenzuela City, PhilippinesValenzuela City, PhilippinesJuly 31, 2012July 31, 2012
© 2012 AP Photo/Aaron Favila
![Page 35: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Yongchuan District, Chongqing, ChinaYongchuan District, Chongqing, ChinaJuly 23, 2012July 23, 2012
© 2012 Reuters/China Daily
![Page 36: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Deggendorf, GermanyDeggendorf, GermanyJune 7, 2013June 7, 2013
© 2013 AP Photo/dpa, Armin Weigel
![Page 37: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
The same extra heat that evaporates water from the ocean pulls moisture even more quickly from the soil
An Inconvenient Truth © 2006 by Paramount Classics, a Division of Paramount Pictures. All Rights Reserved.
![Page 38: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Drought Conditions
Courtesy 2012 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews via University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
2000 – 2009
Dry Wet
![Page 39: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Drought Conditions2030 – 2039
Dry Wet
Courtesy 2012 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews via University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
![Page 40: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Drought Conditions2060 – 2069
Dry Wet
Courtesy 2012 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews via University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
![Page 41: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
2090 – 2099Drought Conditions
Dry Wet
Courtesy 2012 Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews via University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
![Page 42: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Morse Reservoir, Noblesville, IndianaJuly 5, 2012
© 2012 AP Photo/Michael Conroy© 2012 AP Photo/Michael Conroy
![Page 43: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Ryongchon-ri, North KoreaJune 22, 2012
Both Koreas suffered through the worst drought since record keeping began over 100 years ago
© 2012 AP Photo/Kim Kwang Hyon© 2012 AP Photo/Kim Kwang Hyon
![Page 44: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Farmingdale, IllinoisJuly 16, 2012
© 2012 AP Photo/Seth Perlman© 2012 AP Photo/Seth Perlman
“It’s like farming in Hell.”“It’s like farming in Hell.”Fred BelowPlant biologist, University of Illinois in UrbanaJuly 2012
![Page 45: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.July 5, 2011
Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.July 5, 2011
© 2011 MikeOlbinski.com© 2011 MikeOlbinski.com
![Page 46: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Hotter Years Typically Have More Fires40 Years of Western U.S. Fire and Temperatures
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
62°
61°
60°
59°
58°
57°
56°
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Average TemperatureNumber of Fires
Avera
ge S
pri
ng
- S
um
mer
Tem
pera
ture
(°F
)Fire
s on
U.S
. Fore
st Serv
ice La
nd
Data: Climate Central, “The Age of Western Wildfires,” September, 2012
![Page 47: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Colorado Springs, ColoradoJune 26, 2012
© 2012 AP Photo/Helen H. Richardson, The Denver Post© 2012 AP Photo/Helen H. Richardson, The Denver Post
![Page 48: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Yarnell Hill Fire, ArizonaJune 30, 2013
19 firefighters were killed fighting the Yarnell Hill fire
© 2013 AP Photo/The Arizona Republic, Tom Story
![Page 49: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
© 2012 AP Photo/The Oklahoman, Jim Beckel
![Page 50: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
© 2012 AP Photo/The Norman Transcript, Jerry Laizure© 2012 AP Photo/The Norman Transcript, Jerry Laizure
Slaughterville, OklahomaSlaughterville, OklahomaAugust 3, 2012August 3, 2012
![Page 51: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
© 2009 AP Photo/Mark Pardew© 2009 AP Photo/Mark Pardew
![Page 52: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Arc
tic
Sea Ice
Exte
nt
(mill
ion
km
2)
8001200 1600 2010
Arctic Sea Ice Extent550 A.D. to Present
Source: Adapted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Kinnard, et al, Nature 479, 509-512 © 2011Source: Adapted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Kinnard, et al, Nature 479, 509-512 © 2011
Reconstructed Sea Ice Extent
Modern Observations
Year
11
10
9
8
![Page 53: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
September Arctic Sea Ice Extent1979 – 2012
Source: National Snow and Ice Data Center, October 2012
Mill
ion S
qu
are
Kilo
mete
rs
1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012
September ice extentTrend
New record low
![Page 54: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
September 2012September 2012
Source: NASA Earth Observatory
September 1984September 1984Arctic Sea Ice ExtentArctic Sea Ice Extent
Sea Ice Concentration
0% 100%
![Page 55: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
© 1978 Dr. Lonnie Thompson© 1978 Dr. Lonnie Thompson
Qori Kalis Glacier, PeruQori Kalis Glacier, Peru19781978
![Page 56: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
© 2011 Dr. Lonnie Thompson© 2011 Dr. Lonnie Thompson
Ice that took 1,600 years to form has melted in just 25
Qori Kalis Glacier, PeruQori Kalis Glacier, Peru20112011
![Page 57: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Muir Glacier, AlaskaMuir Glacier, Alaska18801880
Source: Hazard, G. D. 1880 Muir Glacier: From the Glacier Photograph Collection, Boulder, Colorado USA; National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology
![Page 58: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Muir Glacier, AlaskaMuir Glacier, Alaska20052005
Source: Bruce F. Molnia, Bruce F. 2005 Muir Glacier: From the Glacier Photograph Collection, Boulder, Colorado USA; National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for GlaciologySource: Bruce F. Molnia, Bruce F. 2005 Muir Glacier: From the Glacier Photograph Collection, Boulder, Colorado USA; National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center for Glaciology
![Page 59: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
As permafrost thaws, geologic seeps in Alaska may release 250,000 metric tons of methane to the atmosphere each year
Source: Alaska Dispatch, May 22, 2012Photo © 2012 Marie Laure GeaiSource: Alaska Dispatch, May 22, 2012Photo © 2012 Marie Laure Geai
Methane Melt PoolsMethane Melt PoolsSouth-Central AlaskaSouth-Central Alaska
![Page 60: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Those who deny the existence of the
Climate Crisis often claim there is
“no scientific consensus,”however...
![Page 61: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Every National Academy of Science of Every Major Country in the World
Confirms Anthropogenic Global WarmingAfrican Academy of Science
Australia
Belgium
Brazil
Cameroon
Canada
The Caribbean
China
France
Ghana
Germany
Indonesia
Ireland
Italy
India
Japan
Kenya
Madagascar
Malaysia
Mexico
Nigeria
New Zealand
Russia
Senegal
South Africa
Sudan
Sweden
Tanzania
Turkey
Uganda
United Kingdom
United States
Zambia
Zimbabwe
![Page 62: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
National Academies Rejecting the Science of Anthropogenic Global Warming
None
![Page 63: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
“The need for urgent action to address climate change is now indisputable.”
Joint Statement of the National Academies of Science For the G8 + 5 NationsMay 2009
Here is what the National Academies say:
![Page 64: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
We Need to Act Now!
![Page 65: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Need effective solution that would:
Have bipartisan support
Significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Be simple and transparent
Create new jobs
Reduce our dependence on foreign oil
![Page 66: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
We do have a solution!
*Carbon Fee and Rebate
* Revenue-Neutral Carbon Tax
![Page 67: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Dr. James Hansen Supports
![Page 68: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Bill McKibben supports
![Page 69: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Also supported by:
•Art Laffer •Greg Mankiw
![Page 70: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
George Shultz Lobbying for Carbon Tax
![Page 71: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Now how exactly does this work?
![Page 72: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Fee is placed on carbon, increases each year. Within a decade clean energy cheaper than fossil fuels.
![Page 73: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
With the “carbon rebate” 66% of all households would receive more than they would pay for the increased cost of energy.
![Page 74: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Millions of jobs would be created: Clear, consistent market signal, renewables 2.5 – 9.25X more jobs than fossil fuel industry
![Page 75: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Citizens Climate Lobby
![Page 76: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Contact our Members of Congress
![Page 77: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Media Exposure, LTEs
![Page 78: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Meetings with M.O.C./Staffers
![Page 79: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Seem impossible?
![Page 80: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Other countries?
![Page 81: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
How long will it take?
![Page 82: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
How you can help!
![Page 83: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
It’s possible, and our children and grandchildren are depending on us to
take action
![Page 84: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
![Page 85: Univeristy of Michigan study: Climate change](https://reader038.vdocument.in/reader038/viewer/2022103017/55766c71d8b42a8f138b4de0/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Take Action Now:• Listen to our intro call, details on back of bus card
• Write your Representative, Rep. ____, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC 20515. Ask her/him to communicate with Ways and Means Chairman Dave Camp, urging him to convene a hearing to look at market-based approaches to address climate change. Conservative witnesses who could testify include:
• Art Laffer, former Reagan economic adviser.Greg Mankiw, economic advisor to George W. Bush and Mitt Romney.Andrew Moylan, R Street Institute.Gary Becker, Nobel laureate economist.George Shultz, former Secretary of State.