universality of transport coefficients in the haldane ... · grapheneis a 2d allotrope of carbon:...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Universality of transport coefficientsin the Haldane-Hubbard model
Alessandro Giuliani, Univ. Roma Tre
Joint work with V. Mastropietro, M. Porta and I. Jauslin
QMath13, Atlanta, October 8, 2016
![Page 2: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Outline
1 Overview
2 Introduction
3 The model and the main results
4 Sketch of the proof
![Page 3: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Outline
1 Overview
2 Introduction
3 The model and the main results
4 Sketch of the proof
![Page 4: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Motivations and Setting
Motivation: understand charge transport in interacting systems
Setting: interacting electrons on the honeycomb lattice.Why the honeycomb lattice?
1 Interest comes from graphene and graphene-like materials ⇒peculiar transport properties, growing technological applications
2 Interacting graphene is accessible to rigorous analysis ⇒benchmarks for the theory of interacting quantum transport
Model: Haldane-Hubbard, simplest interacting Chern insulator.Several approximate and numerical results available.Very few (if none) rigorous results.
![Page 5: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Motivations and Setting
Motivation: understand charge transport in interacting systems
Setting: interacting electrons on the honeycomb lattice.
Why the honeycomb lattice?1 Interest comes from graphene and graphene-like materials ⇒
peculiar transport properties, growing technological applications2 Interacting graphene is accessible to rigorous analysis ⇒
benchmarks for the theory of interacting quantum transport
Model: Haldane-Hubbard, simplest interacting Chern insulator.Several approximate and numerical results available.Very few (if none) rigorous results.
![Page 6: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Motivations and Setting
Motivation: understand charge transport in interacting systems
Setting: interacting electrons on the honeycomb lattice.Why the honeycomb lattice?
1 Interest comes from graphene and graphene-like materials ⇒peculiar transport properties, growing technological applications
2 Interacting graphene is accessible to rigorous analysis ⇒benchmarks for the theory of interacting quantum transport
Model: Haldane-Hubbard, simplest interacting Chern insulator.Several approximate and numerical results available.Very few (if none) rigorous results.
![Page 7: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Motivations and Setting
Motivation: understand charge transport in interacting systems
Setting: interacting electrons on the honeycomb lattice.Why the honeycomb lattice?
1 Interest comes from graphene and graphene-like materials ⇒peculiar transport properties, growing technological applications
2 Interacting graphene is accessible to rigorous analysis ⇒benchmarks for the theory of interacting quantum transport
Model: Haldane-Hubbard, simplest interacting Chern insulator.Several approximate and numerical results available.Very few (if none) rigorous results.
![Page 8: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Motivations and Setting
Motivation: understand charge transport in interacting systems
Setting: interacting electrons on the honeycomb lattice.Why the honeycomb lattice?
1 Interest comes from graphene and graphene-like materials ⇒peculiar transport properties, growing technological applications
2 Interacting graphene is accessible to rigorous analysis ⇒benchmarks for the theory of interacting quantum transport
Model: Haldane-Hubbard, simplest interacting Chern insulator.Several approximate and numerical results available.Very few (if none) rigorous results.
![Page 9: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Motivations and Setting
Motivation: understand charge transport in interacting systems
Setting: interacting electrons on the honeycomb lattice.Why the honeycomb lattice?
1 Interest comes from graphene and graphene-like materials ⇒peculiar transport properties, growing technological applications
2 Interacting graphene is accessible to rigorous analysis ⇒benchmarks for the theory of interacting quantum transport
Model: Haldane-Hubbard, simplest interacting Chern insulator.Several approximate and numerical results available.Very few (if none) rigorous results.
![Page 10: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Results
Results: at weak coupling, we construct the topological phasediagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model.
In particular:1 we compute the dressed critical line2 we construct the critical theory on the critical line3 we prove quantization of Hall conductivity outside the critical line4 we prove quantization of longitudinal conductivity on the critical line
Method: constructive Renormalization Group ++ lattice symmetries + Ward Identities + Schwinger-Dyson
![Page 11: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Results
Results: at weak coupling, we construct the topological phasediagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model. In particular:
1 we compute the dressed critical line2 we construct the critical theory on the critical line3 we prove quantization of Hall conductivity outside the critical line4 we prove quantization of longitudinal conductivity on the critical line
Method: constructive Renormalization Group ++ lattice symmetries + Ward Identities + Schwinger-Dyson
![Page 12: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Results
Results: at weak coupling, we construct the topological phasediagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model. In particular:
1 we compute the dressed critical line
2 we construct the critical theory on the critical line3 we prove quantization of Hall conductivity outside the critical line4 we prove quantization of longitudinal conductivity on the critical line
Method: constructive Renormalization Group ++ lattice symmetries + Ward Identities + Schwinger-Dyson
![Page 13: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Results
Results: at weak coupling, we construct the topological phasediagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model. In particular:
1 we compute the dressed critical line2 we construct the critical theory on the critical line
3 we prove quantization of Hall conductivity outside the critical line4 we prove quantization of longitudinal conductivity on the critical line
Method: constructive Renormalization Group ++ lattice symmetries + Ward Identities + Schwinger-Dyson
![Page 14: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Results
Results: at weak coupling, we construct the topological phasediagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model. In particular:
1 we compute the dressed critical line2 we construct the critical theory on the critical line3 we prove quantization of Hall conductivity outside the critical line
4 we prove quantization of longitudinal conductivity on the critical line
Method: constructive Renormalization Group ++ lattice symmetries + Ward Identities + Schwinger-Dyson
![Page 15: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Results
Results: at weak coupling, we construct the topological phasediagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model. In particular:
1 we compute the dressed critical line2 we construct the critical theory on the critical line3 we prove quantization of Hall conductivity outside the critical line4 we prove quantization of longitudinal conductivity on the critical line
Method: constructive Renormalization Group ++ lattice symmetries + Ward Identities + Schwinger-Dyson
![Page 16: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Overview: Results
Results: at weak coupling, we construct the topological phasediagram of the Haldane-Hubbard model. In particular:
1 we compute the dressed critical line2 we construct the critical theory on the critical line3 we prove quantization of Hall conductivity outside the critical line4 we prove quantization of longitudinal conductivity on the critical line
Method: constructive Renormalization Group ++ lattice symmetries + Ward Identities + Schwinger-Dyson
![Page 17: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Outline
1 Overview
2 Introduction
3 The model and the main results
4 Sketch of the proof
![Page 18: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Graphene
Graphene is a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite.
First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize, 2010).
Graphene and graphene-like materials have unusual, and remarkable,mechanical and electronic transport properties.
Here we shall focus on its transport properties.
![Page 19: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Graphene
Graphene is a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite.
First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize, 2010).
Graphene and graphene-like materials have unusual, and remarkable,mechanical and electronic transport properties.
Here we shall focus on its transport properties.
![Page 20: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Graphene
Graphene is a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite.
First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize, 2010).
Graphene and graphene-like materials have unusual, and remarkable,mechanical and electronic transport properties.
Here we shall focus on its transport properties.
![Page 21: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Graphene
Peculiar transport properties due to its unusual band structure:
at half-filling the Fermi surface degenerates into two Fermi points
Low energy excitations: 2D massless Dirac fermions (v ' c/300) ⇒‘semi-metallic’ QED-like behavior at non-relativistic energies
![Page 22: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Minimal conductivity
Signatures of the relativistic nature of quasi-particles:
1 Minimal conductivity at zero charge carriers density.Measurable at T = 20o C from t(ω) = 1
(1+2πσ(ω)/c)2
For clean samples andkBT � }ω � bandwidth,
σ(ω) = σ0 =π
2
e2
h
![Page 23: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Anomalous QHE
2 Constant transverse magnetic field: anomalous IQHE.Shifted plateaus: σ12 = 4 e
2
h (N + 12):
Observable at T = 20o.
At low temperatures:plateaus measured at∼ 5× 10−11 precision.
![Page 24: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
QHE without net magnetic flux
3 Another unusual setting for IQHE with zero net magnetic flux:proposal by Haldane in 1988 (Nobel prize 2016). Main ingredients:
dipolar magnetic field ⇒ n-n-n hopping t2 acquires complex phase
staggered potential on the sites of the two sub-lattices
−3√3t2
0
3√3t2
−π −π/2 0 π/2 π
ν = −1(TI)
ν = +1(TI)
ν = 0(NI)
ν = 0(NI)
W
φ
Phase diagram (predicted...) (... and measured, Esslinger et al. ’14)
![Page 25: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Theoretical understanding
These properties are well understood for non-interacting fermions. E.g.,
QHE: let Pµ = χ(H ≤ µ) = Fermi proj. If E|Pµ(x; y)| ≤ Ce−c|x−y|,i.e., µ ∈ spectral gap, or µ ∈ mobility gap:
σ12 =ie2
~TrPµ[[X1, Pµ], [X2, Pµ]]∈ e
2
h· Z
(Thouless-Kohmoto-Nightingale-Den Nijs ’82, Avron-Seiler-Simon ’83, ’94,
Bellissard-van Elst-Schulz Baldes ’94, Aizenman-Graf ’98...)
Minimal conductivity: gapless, semi-metallic, ground state.Exact computation in a model of free Dirac fermions(Ludwig-Fisher-Shankar-Grinstein ’94),or in tight binding model (Stauber-Peres-Geim ’08).
![Page 26: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Theoretical understanding
These properties are well understood for non-interacting fermions. E.g.,
QHE: let Pµ = χ(H ≤ µ) = Fermi proj. If E|Pµ(x; y)| ≤ Ce−c|x−y|,i.e., µ ∈ spectral gap, or µ ∈ mobility gap:
σ12 =ie2
~TrPµ[[X1, Pµ], [X2, Pµ]]∈ e
2
h· Z
(Thouless-Kohmoto-Nightingale-Den Nijs ’82, Avron-Seiler-Simon ’83, ’94,
Bellissard-van Elst-Schulz Baldes ’94, Aizenman-Graf ’98...)
Minimal conductivity: gapless, semi-metallic, ground state.Exact computation in a model of free Dirac fermions(Ludwig-Fisher-Shankar-Grinstein ’94),or in tight binding model (Stauber-Peres-Geim ’08).
![Page 27: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Theoretical understanding
These properties are well understood for non-interacting fermions. E.g.,
QHE: let Pµ = χ(H ≤ µ) = Fermi proj. If E|Pµ(x; y)| ≤ Ce−c|x−y|,i.e., µ ∈ spectral gap, or µ ∈ mobility gap:
σ12 =ie2
~TrPµ[[X1, Pµ], [X2, Pµ]]∈ e
2
h· Z
(Thouless-Kohmoto-Nightingale-Den Nijs ’82, Avron-Seiler-Simon ’83, ’94,
Bellissard-van Elst-Schulz Baldes ’94, Aizenman-Graf ’98...)
Minimal conductivity: gapless, semi-metallic, ground state.Exact computation in a model of free Dirac fermions(Ludwig-Fisher-Shankar-Grinstein ’94),or in tight binding model (Stauber-Peres-Geim ’08).
![Page 28: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Effects of interactions?
What are the effects of electron-electron interactions? In graphene,interaction strength is intermediate/large:
α =e2
~v∼ 2.2
and has visible effects on, e.g., the Fermi velocity.
But: no effects on conductivities! Why?
QHE. Folklore: interactions do not affect σ12 because it is‘topologically protected’. But: geometrical interpretation ofinteracting Hall conductivity is unclear.
Minimal longitudinal conductivity: no geometrical interpretation.Cancellations due to Ward Identities? Big debate in the graphenecommunity, still ongoing (Mishchenko, Herbut-Juricic-Vafek, Sheehy-
-Schmalian, Katsnelson et al., Rosenstein-Lewkowicz-Maniv ...)
![Page 29: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Effects of interactions?
What are the effects of electron-electron interactions? In graphene,interaction strength is intermediate/large:
α =e2
~v∼ 2.2
and has visible effects on, e.g., the Fermi velocity.But: no effects on conductivities! Why?
QHE. Folklore: interactions do not affect σ12 because it is‘topologically protected’. But: geometrical interpretation ofinteracting Hall conductivity is unclear.
Minimal longitudinal conductivity: no geometrical interpretation.Cancellations due to Ward Identities? Big debate in the graphenecommunity, still ongoing (Mishchenko, Herbut-Juricic-Vafek, Sheehy-
-Schmalian, Katsnelson et al., Rosenstein-Lewkowicz-Maniv ...)
![Page 30: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Effects of interactions?
What are the effects of electron-electron interactions? In graphene,interaction strength is intermediate/large:
α =e2
~v∼ 2.2
and has visible effects on, e.g., the Fermi velocity.But: no effects on conductivities! Why?
QHE. Folklore: interactions do not affect σ12 because it is‘topologically protected’. But: geometrical interpretation ofinteracting Hall conductivity is unclear.
Minimal longitudinal conductivity: no geometrical interpretation.Cancellations due to Ward Identities? Big debate in the graphenecommunity, still ongoing (Mishchenko, Herbut-Juricic-Vafek, Sheehy-
-Schmalian, Katsnelson et al., Rosenstein-Lewkowicz-Maniv ...)
![Page 31: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Effects of interactions?
What are the effects of electron-electron interactions? In graphene,interaction strength is intermediate/large:
α =e2
~v∼ 2.2
and has visible effects on, e.g., the Fermi velocity.But: no effects on conductivities! Why?
QHE. Folklore: interactions do not affect σ12 because it is‘topologically protected’. But: geometrical interpretation ofinteracting Hall conductivity is unclear.
Minimal longitudinal conductivity: no geometrical interpretation.Cancellations due to Ward Identities? Big debate in the graphenecommunity, still ongoing (Mishchenko, Herbut-Juricic-Vafek, Sheehy-
-Schmalian, Katsnelson et al., Rosenstein-Lewkowicz-Maniv ...)
![Page 32: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, I
In 2009, we started developing a rigorous Renormalization Groupconstruction of the ground state of tight-binding interactinggraphene models.
1 Short-range interactions: analyticity of the ground statecorrelations Giuliani-Mastropietro ’09, ’10
2 Coulomb interactions: proposal of a lattice gauge theory model,construction of the g.s. at all orders, gap generation byPeierls’-Kekule instability Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’10, ’12
3 Longitudinal conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theminimal conductivity Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’11, ’12
4 Transverse conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theHall conductivity, with U � gap Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’15
Today: Universality of σ12 (up to the critical line) and of σ11 (on thecritical line) in the weakly interacting Haldane-Hubbard model.
![Page 33: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, I
In 2009, we started developing a rigorous Renormalization Groupconstruction of the ground state of tight-binding interactinggraphene models.
1 Short-range interactions: analyticity of the ground statecorrelations Giuliani-Mastropietro ’09, ’10
2 Coulomb interactions: proposal of a lattice gauge theory model,construction of the g.s. at all orders, gap generation byPeierls’-Kekule instability Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’10, ’12
3 Longitudinal conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theminimal conductivity Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’11, ’12
4 Transverse conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theHall conductivity, with U � gap Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’15
Today: Universality of σ12 (up to the critical line) and of σ11 (on thecritical line) in the weakly interacting Haldane-Hubbard model.
![Page 34: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, I
In 2009, we started developing a rigorous Renormalization Groupconstruction of the ground state of tight-binding interactinggraphene models.
1 Short-range interactions: analyticity of the ground statecorrelations Giuliani-Mastropietro ’09, ’10
2 Coulomb interactions: proposal of a lattice gauge theory model,construction of the g.s. at all orders, gap generation byPeierls’-Kekule instability Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’10, ’12
3 Longitudinal conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theminimal conductivity Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’11, ’12
4 Transverse conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theHall conductivity, with U � gap Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’15
Today: Universality of σ12 (up to the critical line) and of σ11 (on thecritical line) in the weakly interacting Haldane-Hubbard model.
![Page 35: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, I
In 2009, we started developing a rigorous Renormalization Groupconstruction of the ground state of tight-binding interactinggraphene models.
1 Short-range interactions: analyticity of the ground statecorrelations Giuliani-Mastropietro ’09, ’10
2 Coulomb interactions: proposal of a lattice gauge theory model,construction of the g.s. at all orders, gap generation byPeierls’-Kekule instability Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’10, ’12
3 Longitudinal conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theminimal conductivity Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’11, ’12
4 Transverse conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theHall conductivity, with U � gap Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’15
Today: Universality of σ12 (up to the critical line) and of σ11 (on thecritical line) in the weakly interacting Haldane-Hubbard model.
![Page 36: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, I
In 2009, we started developing a rigorous Renormalization Groupconstruction of the ground state of tight-binding interactinggraphene models.
1 Short-range interactions: analyticity of the ground statecorrelations Giuliani-Mastropietro ’09, ’10
2 Coulomb interactions: proposal of a lattice gauge theory model,construction of the g.s. at all orders, gap generation byPeierls’-Kekule instability Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’10, ’12
3 Longitudinal conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theminimal conductivity Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’11, ’12
4 Transverse conductivity w. short-range int.: universality of theHall conductivity, with U � gap Giuliani-Mastropietro-Porta ’15
Today: Universality of σ12 (up to the critical line) and of σ11 (on thecritical line) in the weakly interacting Haldane-Hubbard model.
![Page 37: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, II
Previous results on quantization of Hall cond. in interacting systems:
Consider clean systems, and assume that ∃ gap above the interactingground state (unproven in most physically relevant cases).
Frohlich et al. ’91,... Effective field theory approach: gauge theoryof phases of matter. Quantization of the Hall conductivity as aconsequence of the chiral anomaly.
Thm: Hastings-Michalakis ’14. Gapped interacting fermions on a 2Dlattice, geometrical formula for σ12 in terms of N -body projector.
σ12 =e2
h· n+ (exp. small in the size of the system)
No constructive way of computing n. E.g., the result does notexclude n ≡ n(size).
Note: our method: no topology/geometry, no assumption on gap:decay of interacting correlations + cancellations from WI and SD.
![Page 38: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, II
Previous results on quantization of Hall cond. in interacting systems:
Consider clean systems, and assume that ∃ gap above the interactingground state (unproven in most physically relevant cases).
Frohlich et al. ’91,... Effective field theory approach: gauge theoryof phases of matter. Quantization of the Hall conductivity as aconsequence of the chiral anomaly.
Thm: Hastings-Michalakis ’14. Gapped interacting fermions on a 2Dlattice, geometrical formula for σ12 in terms of N -body projector.
σ12 =e2
h· n+ (exp. small in the size of the system)
No constructive way of computing n. E.g., the result does notexclude n ≡ n(size).
Note: our method: no topology/geometry, no assumption on gap:decay of interacting correlations + cancellations from WI and SD.
![Page 39: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, II
Previous results on quantization of Hall cond. in interacting systems:
Consider clean systems, and assume that ∃ gap above the interactingground state (unproven in most physically relevant cases).
Frohlich et al. ’91,... Effective field theory approach: gauge theoryof phases of matter. Quantization of the Hall conductivity as aconsequence of the chiral anomaly.
Thm: Hastings-Michalakis ’14. Gapped interacting fermions on a 2Dlattice, geometrical formula for σ12 in terms of N -body projector.
σ12 =e2
h· n+ (exp. small in the size of the system)
No constructive way of computing n. E.g., the result does notexclude n ≡ n(size).
Note: our method: no topology/geometry, no assumption on gap:decay of interacting correlations + cancellations from WI and SD.
![Page 40: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, II
Previous results on quantization of Hall cond. in interacting systems:
Consider clean systems, and assume that ∃ gap above the interactingground state (unproven in most physically relevant cases).
Frohlich et al. ’91,... Effective field theory approach: gauge theoryof phases of matter. Quantization of the Hall conductivity as aconsequence of the chiral anomaly.
Thm: Hastings-Michalakis ’14. Gapped interacting fermions on a 2Dlattice, geometrical formula for σ12 in terms of N -body projector.
σ12 =e2
h· n+ (exp. small in the size of the system)
No constructive way of computing n. E.g., the result does notexclude n ≡ n(size).
Note: our method: no topology/geometry, no assumption on gap:decay of interacting correlations + cancellations from WI and SD.
![Page 41: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Rigorous results, II
Previous results on quantization of Hall cond. in interacting systems:
Consider clean systems, and assume that ∃ gap above the interactingground state (unproven in most physically relevant cases).
Frohlich et al. ’91,... Effective field theory approach: gauge theoryof phases of matter. Quantization of the Hall conductivity as aconsequence of the chiral anomaly.
Thm: Hastings-Michalakis ’14. Gapped interacting fermions on a 2Dlattice, geometrical formula for σ12 in terms of N -body projector.
σ12 =e2
h· n+ (exp. small in the size of the system)
No constructive way of computing n. E.g., the result does notexclude n ≡ n(size).
Note: our method: no topology/geometry, no assumption on gap:decay of interacting correlations + cancellations from WI and SD.
![Page 42: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Outline
1 Overview
2 Introduction
3 The model and the main results
4 Sketch of the proof
![Page 43: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
The lattice and the Hamiltonian
BA
`2
`1x
Figure: Dimer (a±x,σ, b±x,σ).
Hamiltonian: H = H0 + UV, where
H0 = n.n.+ complex n.n.n. hopping + staggered potential− µN
V =∑x
(nAx,↑nAx,↓ + nBx,↑n
Bx,↓)
![Page 44: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conductivity
Finite temperature, finite volume Gibbs state (eventually, β, L→∞):
〈·〉β,L =Tr · e−βH
Zβ,L.
Conductivity defined via Kubo formula (e2 = ~ = 1):
σij := limη→0+
i
η
(∫ 0
−∞dt eηt 〈〈
[eiHtJie−iHt,Jj
]〉〉∞ − 〈〈
[Ji,Xj
]〉〉∞)
where: X =∑x,σ(xnAx,σ + (x+ δ1)nBx,σ) = position operator and
J := i[H, X
]= current operator , 〈〈·〉〉∞ = lim
β,L→∞L−2〈·〉β,L.
Kubo formula: linear response at t = 0, after having switched onadiabatically a weak external field eηtE at t = −∞
![Page 45: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conductivity
Finite temperature, finite volume Gibbs state (eventually, β, L→∞):
〈·〉β,L =Tr · e−βH
Zβ,L.
Conductivity defined via Kubo formula (e2 = ~ = 1):
σij := limη→0+
i
η
(∫ 0
−∞dt eηt 〈〈
[eiHtJie−iHt,Jj
]〉〉∞ − 〈〈
[Ji,Xj
]〉〉∞)
where: X =∑x,σ(xnAx,σ + (x+ δ1)nBx,σ) = position operator and
J := i[H, X
]= current operator , 〈〈·〉〉∞ = lim
β,L→∞L−2〈·〉β,L.
Kubo formula: linear response at t = 0, after having switched onadiabatically a weak external field eηtE at t = −∞
![Page 46: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conductivity
Finite temperature, finite volume Gibbs state (eventually, β, L→∞):
〈·〉β,L =Tr · e−βH
Zβ,L.
Conductivity defined via Kubo formula (e2 = ~ = 1):
σij := limη→0+
i
η
(∫ 0
−∞dt eηt 〈〈
[eiHtJie−iHt,Jj
]〉〉∞ − 〈〈
[Ji,Xj
]〉〉∞)
where: X =∑x,σ(xnAx,σ + (x+ δ1)nBx,σ) = position operator and
J := i[H, X
]= current operator , 〈〈·〉〉∞ = lim
β,L→∞L−2〈·〉β,L.
Kubo formula: linear response at t = 0, after having switched onadiabatically a weak external field eηtE at t = −∞
![Page 47: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conductivity
Finite temperature, finite volume Gibbs state (eventually, β, L→∞):
〈·〉β,L =Tr · e−βH
Zβ,L.
Conductivity defined via Kubo formula (e2 = ~ = 1):
σij := limη→0+
i
η
(∫ 0
−∞dt eηt 〈〈
[eiHtJie−iHt,Jj
]〉〉∞ − 〈〈
[Ji,Xj
]〉〉∞)
where: X =∑x,σ(xnAx,σ + (x+ δ1)nBx,σ) = position operator and
J := i[H, X
]= current operator , 〈〈·〉〉∞ = lim
β,L→∞L−2〈·〉β,L.
Kubo formula: linear response at t = 0, after having switched onadiabatically a weak external field eηtE at t = −∞
![Page 48: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conductivity
Finite temperature, finite volume Gibbs state (eventually, β, L→∞):
〈·〉β,L =Tr · e−βH
Zβ,L.
Conductivity defined via Kubo formula (e2 = ~ = 1):
σij := limη→0+
i
η
(∫ 0
−∞dt eηt 〈〈
[eiHtJie−iHt,Jj
]〉〉∞ − 〈〈
[Ji,Xj
]〉〉∞)
where: X =∑x,σ(xnAx,σ + (x+ δ1)nBx,σ) = position operator and
J := i[H, X
]= current operator , 〈〈·〉〉∞ = lim
β,L→∞L−2〈·〉β,L.
Kubo formula: linear response at t = 0, after having switched onadiabatically a weak external field eηtE at t = −∞
![Page 49: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
The non-interacting Hamiltonian (Haldane model)
Haldane ’88. N.n. + complex n.n.n. hopping + staggered potential −µN
H0 = t1∑x,σ
[a+x,σb
−x,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`1,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`2,σ + h.c.
]+t2
∑x,σ
∑α=±j=1,2,3
[eiαφa+x,σa
−x+αγj ,σ + e−iαφb+x,σb
−x+αγj ,σ
]+W
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ − b+x,σb−x,σ
]− µ
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ + b+x,σb
−x,σ
]
N.n. hopping: t1
N.n.n. hopping:t2e
iφ (black), t2e−iφ (red).
γ1
W −W
γ3
γ2
δ1
δ2
δ3
![Page 50: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
The non-interacting Hamiltonian (Haldane model)
Haldane ’88. N.n. + complex n.n.n. hopping + staggered potential −µN
H0 = t1∑x,σ
[a+x,σb
−x,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`1,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`2,σ + h.c.
]+t2
∑x,σ
∑α=±j=1,2,3
[eiαφa+x,σa
−x+αγj ,σ + e−iαφb+x,σb
−x+αγj ,σ
]+W
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ − b+x,σb−x,σ
]− µ
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ + b+x,σb
−x,σ
]
N.n. hopping: t1
N.n.n. hopping:t2e
iφ (black), t2e−iφ (red).
γ1
W −W
γ3
γ2
δ1
δ2
δ3
![Page 51: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
The non-interacting Hamiltonian (Haldane model)
Haldane ’88. N.n. + complex n.n.n. hopping + staggered potential −µN
H0 = t1∑x,σ
[a+x,σb
−x,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`1,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`2,σ + h.c.
]+t2
∑x,σ
∑α=±j=1,2,3
[eiαφa+x,σa
−x+αγj ,σ + e−iαφb+x,σb
−x+αγj ,σ
]+W
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ − b+x,σb−x,σ
]− µ
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ + b+x,σb
−x,σ
]
N.n. hopping: t1
N.n.n. hopping:t2e
iφ (black), t2e−iφ (red).
γ1
W −W
γ3
γ2
δ1
δ2
δ3
![Page 52: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
The non-interacting Hamiltonian (Haldane model)
Haldane ’88. N.n. + complex n.n.n. hopping + staggered potential −µN
H0 = t1∑x,σ
[a+x,σb
−x,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`1,σ + a+x,σb
−x−`2,σ + h.c.
]+t2
∑x,σ
∑α=±j=1,2,3
[eiαφa+x,σa
−x+αγj ,σ + e−iαφb+x,σb
−x+αγj ,σ
]+W
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ − b+x,σb−x,σ
]− µ
∑x,σ
[a+x,σa
−x,σ + b+x,σb
−x,σ
]
Gapped system. Gaps:
∆± = |m±| , m± = W±3√
3t2 sinφ.
= “mass” of Dirac fermions.
![Page 53: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Non-interacting phase diagram
If U = 0, µ is kept in between the two bands, and m± 6= 0:
σ12 =2e2
hν , ν =
1
2[sgn(m−)− sgn(m+)]
−3√3t2
0
3√3t2
−π −π/2 0 π/2 π
ν = −1(TI)
ν = +1(TI)
ν = 0(NI)
ν = 0(NI)
W
φ
Simplest model of topological insulator.
Building brick for more complex systems (e.g. Kane-Mele model).
![Page 54: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Phase transitions in the Haldane-Hubbard model
Theorem (Giuliani, Jauslin, Mastropietro, Porta 2016)
There exists U0 > 0 and a function (“renormalized mass”)
mR,ω = mω + Fω(m±;U) where Fω = O(U), ω = ±
such that, for U ∈ (−U0, U0), choosing µ = µ(m±;U):
σ12 =e2
h[sgn(mR,−)− sgn(mR,+)], if mR,± 6= 0,
σcrii := σii∣∣mR,ω=0
=e2
h
π
4, if mR,−ω 6= 0 .
Remarks:
mR,± = 0 : renormalized critical lines.
If mR,+ = mR,− = 0 ⇒ σcrii = (e2/h)(π/2). Same as interacting graphene:
Giuliani, Mastropietro, Porta ’11, ’12.
For each ω = ±, unique solution to mR,ω = 0 (no bifurcation).
![Page 55: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Phase transitions in the Haldane-Hubbard model
Theorem (Giuliani, Jauslin, Mastropietro, Porta 2016)
There exists U0 > 0 and a function (“renormalized mass”)
mR,ω = mω + Fω(m±;U) where Fω = O(U), ω = ±
such that, for U ∈ (−U0, U0), choosing µ = µ(m±;U):
σ12 =e2
h[sgn(mR,−)− sgn(mR,+)], if mR,± 6= 0,
σcrii := σii∣∣mR,ω=0
=e2
h
π
4, if mR,−ω 6= 0 .
Remarks:
mR,± = 0 : renormalized critical lines.
If mR,+ = mR,− = 0 ⇒ σcrii = (e2/h)(π/2). Same as interacting graphene:
Giuliani, Mastropietro, Porta ’11, ’12.
For each ω = ±, unique solution to mR,ω = 0 (no bifurcation).
![Page 56: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Phase transitions in the Haldane-Hubbard model
Theorem (Giuliani, Jauslin, Mastropietro, Porta 2016)
There exists U0 > 0 and a function (“renormalized mass”)
mR,ω = mω + Fω(m±;U) where Fω = O(U), ω = ±
such that, for U ∈ (−U0, U0), choosing µ = µ(m±;U):
σ12 =e2
h[sgn(mR,−)− sgn(mR,+)], if mR,± 6= 0,
σcrii := σii∣∣mR,ω=0
=e2
h
π
4, if mR,−ω 6= 0 .
Remarks:
mR,± = 0 : renormalized critical lines.
If mR,+ = mR,− = 0 ⇒ σcrii = (e2/h)(π/2). Same as interacting graphene:
Giuliani, Mastropietro, Porta ’11, ’12.
For each ω = ±, unique solution to mR,ω = 0 (no bifurcation).
![Page 57: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Phase transitions in the Haldane-Hubbard model
Theorem (Giuliani, Jauslin, Mastropietro, Porta 2016)
There exists U0 > 0 and a function (“renormalized mass”)
mR,ω = mω + Fω(m±;U) where Fω = O(U), ω = ±
such that, for U ∈ (−U0, U0), choosing µ = µ(m±;U):
σ12 =e2
h[sgn(mR,−)− sgn(mR,+)], if mR,± 6= 0,
σcrii := σii∣∣mR,ω=0
=e2
h
π
4, if mR,−ω 6= 0 .
Remarks:
mR,± = 0 : renormalized critical lines.
If mR,+ = mR,− = 0 ⇒ σcrii = (e2/h)(π/2). Same as interacting graphene:
Giuliani, Mastropietro, Porta ’11, ’12.
For each ω = ±, unique solution to mR,ω = 0 (no bifurcation).
![Page 58: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Phase transitions in the Haldane-Hubbard model
Theorem (Giuliani, Jauslin, Mastropietro, Porta 2016)
There exists U0 > 0 and a function (“renormalized mass”)
mR,ω = mω + Fω(m±;U) where Fω = O(U), ω = ±
such that, for U ∈ (−U0, U0), choosing µ = µ(m±;U):
σ12 =e2
h[sgn(mR,−)− sgn(mR,+)], if mR,± 6= 0,
σcrii := σii∣∣mR,ω=0
=e2
h
π
4, if mR,−ω 6= 0 .
Remarks:
mR,± = 0 : renormalized critical lines.
If mR,+ = mR,− = 0 ⇒ σcrii = (e2/h)(π/2). Same as interacting graphene:
Giuliani, Mastropietro, Porta ’11, ’12.
For each ω = ±, unique solution to mR,ω = 0 (no bifurcation).
![Page 59: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Renormalized transition curves
−3√3t2
0
3√3t2
−π −π/2 0 π/2 π
ν = −1(TI)
ν = +1(TI)
ν = 0(NI)
ν = 0(NI)
W
φ
U = 0
U = 0.5
Away from the blue curve the correlations decay exponentially fast.
On the blue curve the decay is algebraic ⇒ chiral semi-metal.
Repulsive interactions enhance the topological insulator phase
We rigorously exclude the appearance of novel phases in the vicinity ofthe unperturbed critical lines.
![Page 60: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Renormalized transition curves
−3√3t2
0
3√3t2
−π −π/2 0 π/2 π
ν = −1(TI)
ν = +1(TI)
ν = 0(NI)
ν = 0(NI)
W
φ
U = 0
U = 0.5
Away from the blue curve the correlations decay exponentially fast.
On the blue curve the decay is algebraic ⇒ chiral semi-metal.
Repulsive interactions enhance the topological insulator phase
We rigorously exclude the appearance of novel phases in the vicinity ofthe unperturbed critical lines.
![Page 61: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Renormalized transition curves
−3√3t2
0
3√3t2
−π −π/2 0 π/2 π
ν = −1(TI)
ν = +1(TI)
ν = 0(NI)
ν = 0(NI)
W
φ
U = 0
U = 0.5
Away from the blue curve the correlations decay exponentially fast.
On the blue curve the decay is algebraic ⇒ chiral semi-metal.
Repulsive interactions enhance the topological insulator phase
We rigorously exclude the appearance of novel phases in the vicinity ofthe unperturbed critical lines.
![Page 62: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Renormalized transition curves
−3√3t2
0
3√3t2
−π −π/2 0 π/2 π
ν = −1(TI)
ν = +1(TI)
ν = 0(NI)
ν = 0(NI)
W
φ
U = 0
U = 0.5
Away from the blue curve the correlations decay exponentially fast.
On the blue curve the decay is algebraic ⇒ chiral semi-metal.
Repulsive interactions enhance the topological insulator phase
We rigorously exclude the appearance of novel phases in the vicinity ofthe unperturbed critical lines.
![Page 63: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Outline
1 Overview
2 Introduction
3 The model and the main results
4 Sketch of the proof
![Page 64: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Step 1: We employ constructive field theory methods (fermionicRenormalization Group: determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamardbounds, ...) to prove that:
the Euclidean correlation functions are analytic in U ,uniformly in the renormalized mass, and decay at leastlike |x|−2 at large space-(imaginary)time separations.
The result builds upon the theory developed by Gawedski-Kupiainen,
Battle-Brydges-Federbush, Lesniewski, Benfatto-Gallavotti, Benfatto-Mastropietro,
Feldman-Magnen-Rivasseau-Trubowitz, ..., in the last 30 years or so.
![Page 65: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Step 1: We employ constructive field theory methods (fermionicRenormalization Group: determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamardbounds, ...) to prove that:
the Euclidean correlation functions are analytic in U ,uniformly in the renormalized mass, and decay at leastlike |x|−2 at large space-(imaginary)time separations.
The result builds upon the theory developed by Gawedski-Kupiainen,
Battle-Brydges-Federbush, Lesniewski, Benfatto-Gallavotti, Benfatto-Mastropietro,
Feldman-Magnen-Rivasseau-Trubowitz, ..., in the last 30 years or so.
![Page 66: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Key aspects of the construction:
the critical theory is super-renormalizable, withscaling dimension 3− nψ (as in standard graphene)
lattice symmetries constraint the number and structure of therelevant and marginal couplings.
Renormalized propagator: if ~pωF = (2π3 , ω
2π3√
3), with ω = ±,
S2(k0, ~pωF + ~k′) =
= −(ik0Z1,R,ω −mR,ω vR,ω(−ik′1 + ωk′2)vR,ω(ik′1 + ωk′2) ik0Z2,R,ω +mR,ω
)−1(1 +R(k0,~k
′))
where:
R(k0,~k′): subleading (‘irrelevant’) error term
the effective parameters are given by convergent expansions
Z1,R,ω 6= Z2,R,ω
![Page 67: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Key aspects of the construction:
the critical theory is super-renormalizable, withscaling dimension 3− nψ (as in standard graphene)
lattice symmetries constraint the number and structure of therelevant and marginal couplings.
Renormalized propagator: if ~pωF = (2π3 , ω
2π3√
3), with ω = ±,
S2(k0, ~pωF + ~k′) =
= −(ik0Z1,R,ω −mR,ω vR,ω(−ik′1 + ωk′2)vR,ω(ik′1 + ωk′2) ik0Z2,R,ω +mR,ω
)−1(1 +R(k0,~k
′))
where:
R(k0,~k′): subleading (‘irrelevant’) error term
the effective parameters are given by convergent expansions
Z1,R,ω 6= Z2,R,ω
![Page 68: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Key aspects of the construction:
the critical theory is super-renormalizable, withscaling dimension 3− nψ (as in standard graphene)
lattice symmetries constraint the number and structure of therelevant and marginal couplings.
Renormalized propagator: if ~pωF = (2π3 , ω
2π3√
3), with ω = ±,
S2(k0, ~pωF + ~k′) =
= −(ik0Z1,R,ω −mR,ω vR,ω(−ik′1 + ωk′2)vR,ω(ik′1 + ωk′2) ik0Z2,R,ω +mR,ω
)−1(1 +R(k0,~k
′))
where:
R(k0,~k′): subleading (‘irrelevant’) error term
the effective parameters are given by convergent expansions
Z1,R,ω 6= Z2,R,ω
![Page 69: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Key aspects of the construction:
the critical theory is super-renormalizable, withscaling dimension 3− nψ (as in standard graphene)
lattice symmetries constraint the number and structure of therelevant and marginal couplings.
Renormalized propagator: if ~pωF = (2π3 , ω
2π3√
3), with ω = ±,
S2(k0, ~pωF + ~k′) =
= −(ik0Z1,R,ω −mR,ω vR,ω(−ik′1 + ωk′2)vR,ω(ik′1 + ωk′2) ik0Z2,R,ω +mR,ω
)−1(1 +R(k0,~k
′))
where:
R(k0,~k′): subleading (‘irrelevant’) error term
the effective parameters are given by convergent expansions
Z1,R,ω 6= Z2,R,ω
![Page 70: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Key aspects of the construction:
the critical theory is super-renormalizable, withscaling dimension 3− nψ (as in standard graphene)
lattice symmetries constraint the number and structure of therelevant and marginal couplings.
Renormalized propagator: if ~pωF = (2π3 , ω
2π3√
3), with ω = ±,
S2(k0, ~pωF + ~k′) =
= −(ik0Z1,R,ω −mR,ω vR,ω(−ik′1 + ωk′2)vR,ω(ik′1 + ωk′2) ik0Z2,R,ω +mR,ω
)−1(1 +R(k0,~k
′))
where:
R(k0,~k′): subleading (‘irrelevant’) error term
the effective parameters are given by convergent expansions
Z1,R,ω 6= Z2,R,ω
![Page 71: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, I
Key aspects of the construction:
the critical theory is super-renormalizable, withscaling dimension 3− nψ (as in standard graphene)
lattice symmetries constraint the number and structure of therelevant and marginal couplings.
Renormalized propagator: if ~pωF = (2π3 , ω
2π3√
3), with ω = ±,
S2(k0, ~pωF + ~k′) =
= −(ik0Z1,R,ω −mR,ω vR,ω(−ik′1 + ωk′2)vR,ω(ik′1 + ωk′2) ik0Z2,R,ω +mR,ω
)−1(1 +R(k0,~k
′))
where:
R(k0,~k′): subleading (‘irrelevant’) error term
the effective parameters are given by convergent expansions
Z1,R,ω 6= Z2,R,ω
![Page 72: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, II
Step 2: Combining the existence of the g.s. euclidean correlations witha priori bounds on the correlation decay at complex times t ∈ C+,we infer the analyticity of correlations for t ∈ C+ (via Vitali’s theorem)
Next, using the (Re t)−2 decay in complex time, we perform aWick rotation in the time integral entering the definition of σij(U):the integral along the imaginary time axis is the same as the onealong the real line or, better, as the limit of the integral along a pathshadowing from above the real line. Existence and exchangeability ofthe limit follows from Lieb-Robinson bounds.
![Page 73: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, II
Step 2: Combining the existence of the g.s. euclidean correlations witha priori bounds on the correlation decay at complex times t ∈ C+,we infer the analyticity of correlations for t ∈ C+ (via Vitali’s theorem)
Next, using the (Re t)−2 decay in complex time, we perform aWick rotation in the time integral entering the definition of σij(U):the integral along the imaginary time axis is the same as the onealong the real line
or, better, as the limit of the integral along a pathshadowing from above the real line. Existence and exchangeability ofthe limit follows from Lieb-Robinson bounds.
![Page 74: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, II
Step 2: Combining the existence of the g.s. euclidean correlations witha priori bounds on the correlation decay at complex times t ∈ C+,we infer the analyticity of correlations for t ∈ C+ (via Vitali’s theorem)
Next, using the (Re t)−2 decay in complex time, we perform aWick rotation in the time integral entering the definition of σij(U):the integral along the imaginary time axis is the same as the onealong the real line or, better, as the limit of the integral along a pathshadowing from above the real line. Existence and exchangeability ofthe limit follows from Lieb-Robinson bounds.
![Page 75: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, III
Step 3: The universality of the Euclidean Kubo conductivity is studiedby using lattice Ward Identities in the (convergent, renormalized)perturbation theory for σij(U), and by combining them with:
a priori bounds on the correlations decay;
the Schwinger-Dyson equation;
the symmetry under time reversal of the different elements of σij .
The general strategy is analogous to [Coleman-Hill ’85]: “no corrections beyond
1-loop to the topological mass in QED2+1.”
![Page 76: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, III
Step 3: The universality of the Euclidean Kubo conductivity is studiedby using lattice Ward Identities in the (convergent, renormalized)perturbation theory for σij(U), and by combining them with:
a priori bounds on the correlations decay;
the Schwinger-Dyson equation;
the symmetry under time reversal of the different elements of σij .
The general strategy is analogous to [Coleman-Hill ’85]: “no corrections beyond
1-loop to the topological mass in QED2+1.”
![Page 77: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, III
Step 3: The universality of the Euclidean Kubo conductivity is studiedby using lattice Ward Identities in the (convergent, renormalized)perturbation theory for σij(U), and by combining them with:
a priori bounds on the correlations decay;
the Schwinger-Dyson equation;
the symmetry under time reversal of the different elements of σij .
The general strategy is analogous to [Coleman-Hill ’85]: “no corrections beyond
1-loop to the topological mass in QED2+1.”
![Page 78: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, III
Step 3: The universality of the Euclidean Kubo conductivity is studiedby using lattice Ward Identities in the (convergent, renormalized)perturbation theory for σij(U), and by combining them with:
a priori bounds on the correlations decay;
the Schwinger-Dyson equation;
the symmetry under time reversal of the different elements of σij .
The general strategy is analogous to [Coleman-Hill ’85]: “no corrections beyond
1-loop to the topological mass in QED2+1.”
![Page 79: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Main strategy, III
Step 3: The universality of the Euclidean Kubo conductivity is studiedby using lattice Ward Identities in the (convergent, renormalized)perturbation theory for σij(U), and by combining them with:
a priori bounds on the correlations decay;
the Schwinger-Dyson equation;
the symmetry under time reversal of the different elements of σij .
The general strategy is analogous to [Coleman-Hill ’85]: “no corrections beyond
1-loop to the topological mass in QED2+1.”
![Page 80: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 81: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 82: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,
quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 83: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 84: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 85: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 86: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 87: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 88: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Conclusions and outlook
We discussed the transport properties of interacting fermionic systems onthe hexagonal lattice. In particular: Haldane-Hubbard model.
We presented results about:
construction of the ground state phase diagram and correlations atweak coupling, in cases where U � gap,quantization of the transverse and longitudinal conductivities up to,and on, the renormalized critical line.
Tools: rigorous fermionic RG (determinant expansion, Gram-Hadamard bounds),lattice symmetries, Ward identities, Schwinger-Dyson equation,Lieb-Robinson bounds.
Open questions:
Spin transport in time-reversal invariant 2d insulators(e.g., interacting Kane-Mele model)?
Interacting bulk-edge correspondence?
Effect of long-range interactions (e.g., static Coulomb)?
![Page 89: Universality of transport coefficients in the Haldane ... · Grapheneis a 2D allotrope of carbon: single layer of graphite. First isolated by Geim and Novoselov in 2004 (Nobel prize,](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042418/5f34c2c18c10f6508d4361de/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Overview Introduction The model and the main results Sketch of the proof
Thank you!