update on biogenic and soil emissions modeling for dynamo daniel cohan, rui zhang, quazi rasool, and...
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Update on biogenic and soil emissions modeling for DYNAMO
Daniel Cohan, Rui Zhang, Quazi Rasool, and Arastoo Pour BiazarAQAST 9 meeting, St. Louis UniversityJune 3, 2015
Improved Soil NO Emissions Scheme• Berkeley Dalhousie Soil NO Parameterization (BDSNP)
– Introduced by Hudman et al. 2012; In GEOS-Chem– Replaces Yienger and Levy scheme
• More sophisticated emission response to meteorology– Nonlinear response to soil moisture & T from land surface
model– Pulse of emissions when rain follows dry period
• Implemented in CMAQ inline biogenics– Provided to EPA (Jesse Bash) for CMAQ development– Shared with UMD, U Iowa, others
• Base-level emissions factors for each land cover category based on Steinkamp and Lawrence 2011– Updated to use CMAQ’s land cover data (Pleim Xiu)– Updated to use factors based on global or N. American data
• Fertilizer and N deposition add N to soil reservoir– Updated to use EPIC or Potter based fertilizer
Soil NO Flux = A’(Biome, Soil Nitrogen) x f(T) x g(θ) x Pulse(Dry Period) x Canopy Reduction
BDSNP Soil NO scheme implemented in CMAQ v. 5.0.2
Biome Emission FactorsSteinkamp and Lawrence (2011)
factors applied to:Old: GEOS-Chem LSM
New: Pleim Xiu LSM from CMAQ; option of N. American factors
DepositionInline deposition
from CMAQ
FertilizerOld: Potter (2010) for typical
year 2000-2010New: EPIC simulation for
specific year
Soil N = Biome N + Deposition N + Fertilizer N
Meteorology (WRF) and Land Surface Model (Pleim Xiu)Soil Temperature (T) and Soil Moisture (θ)
Pulse Emission FactorCanopy Reduction Factor
Soil NO Emission Rate
Soil NO emissions in CMAQ CONUS 2005: YL vs. original BDSNP implementation
CMAQYienger & Levy
CMAQ BDSNP (Potter, GEOS-Chem land cover, global factors)
Month
2011 National Land Cover Database
GEOS-Chem Biome Types (0.25° x 0.25°)
CMAQ MODIS NLCD40 biome types (12 km)
Land Cover Comparison
Original (GEOS-Chem Biomes) New (CMAQ NLCD Biomes)
Base Biome Emission Factors under different land cover and data
Using global emission factors from Steinkamp and Lawrence
Using North American emission factors from Steinkamp and Lawrence
Fertilizer N (NO3+ NH4 + Org N) pool input into BDSNP
Incorporating EPIC and FEST-C into CMAQ-BDSNP: Enables Dynamic Fertilizer & Control Scenarios
FertilizerEmission Factor
Potter EPIC
Overall Soil NO Emissions
Impact of EPIC vs. Potter Fertilizer Data
Soil NO July 2011 emissions comparisons
Soil NO (Mtonnes/day) YL BDSNP_Potter_Old Biome BDSNP_EPIC_New Biome % (Potter-YL)/YL % (EPIC-Potter)/PotterMidwest+NEUS 2142.72 4216.32 4968.00 96.77 17.83
SouthUS(TX,OK,KS) 597.89 1753.92 1995.84 193.35 13.79SouthCanada 203.04 711.07 630.72 250.21 -11.30NorthMexico 216.86 374.98 403.49 72.91 7.60
SEUS (AR,LA,FL etc) 486.43 852.77 1339.20 75.31 57.04PacificNWUS+California 1036.80 2868.48 2825.28 176.67 -1.51
BDSNP (Potter) – YL BDSNP (EPIC) – BDSNP (Potter)
UAH GOES-based retrieval reduces overprediction of PAR, but some bias
remains in eastern U.S.
WRFNMB = 22%NME = 34%
SatelliteNMB = 14%NME = 27%
Spatial Distribution of NMB (normalized mean bias) Against Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN)
13
WRF Satellite
BEIS v3
Q: canopy adjusted PAR = PAR direct beam + PAR diffuse (umol/m2-s)
1. change getparb.F in CCTM to read the insolation retrieval from GOES to get the fraction of PAR_DB and PAR_DIF 2. keep the original BEIS algorithm but constrains the total PAR value with the GOES retrievals
WRF v3.6
CMAQ v5.0.2
GOES Satellite insolation & PAR
Retrieval Products (UAH) measurements
Ozone BVOC
Spatial Allocator
Incorporation of GOES-based insolation and PAR into CMAQ with inline BEIS
Next Steps
• Evaluate CMAQ-BDSNP cases against OMI NO2 and ground-level ozone observations– Multi-month simulations in CMAQ CONUS 2011
• Continued refinements and users guide for CMAQ-BDSNP to allow broader use
• Compare sensitivities of BEIS and MEGAN to satellite-based PAR
• Test joint impacts of satellite-based PAR and photolysis rates
• UAH web-based archive of satellite-based PAR and insolation products