Update on the AI activities carried out by EFSA

Inma Aznar

Francesca Baldinelli

25th annual meeting of the NRLs for AI and ND Padova, 19 – 21 June 2019

AI MONITORING

Quarterly reports updating on the AI situation inside and outside the EU

AI SURVEILLANCE

From Jan 2019 reporting surveillance data in annual reports

Efsa activities on AI

AI MONITORING

Quarterly reports updating on the AI situation inside and outside the EU

AI SURVEILLANCE

From Jan 2019 reporting surveillance data in annual reports

Avian Influenza: monitoring

AI in Europe in birds

Distribution of HPAI outbreaks in seasons:

2016–2017 2017–2018 2018–2019

and reported via ADNS by week of suspicion

(n=2,946)

AI in Europe in birds

Distribution of HPAI outbreaks detected in Europe by virus subtype in seasons 2017–2018, 2018–2019 (n=187)

0

5

10

15

40 42 44 46 48 50 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22

2017 2018 2019

Nu

mb

er o

f o

utb

reak

s

Week of suspicion - Year

HPAI A(H5N8) (n=89)

HPAI A(H5N6) (n=98)

AI in Europe in birds

Geographical distribution of HPAI outbreaks in seasons:

2017–2018 2018–2019

(n=187)

AI in Europe in birds

13%

87%

Domestic turkey

(n=31; countries=3)

21%

4%

75%

Chicken (n=28, countries=2)

13%

56%

31%

Domestic duck (n=16, countries=2)

11%

11%

78%

Other poultry species (n=9, MSs=3)

Outbreak-related surveillance Active surveillance Passive surveillance

Distribution of HPAI outbreaks in poultry in Europe by bird species and sampling programme leading to the outbreak detection in seasons 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 (n=84)

AI in Europe, February – June 2019

Country HPAI LPAI All AI

Poultry Poultry Captive birds

H5N8 H5Nx H7Nx H5N3

Bulgaria 5(b) – 5

Denmark – 1(b) 1 – 2

Germany – 1(e) 1

Total 5 1 1 1 8

Source: ADNS (06.05.19)(a) Two domestic duck holdings in Lovech region, one backyard and one commercial laying hen holdings

(b) Commercial poultry holding with organic laying hens

Geographical distribution of HPAI outbreaks by virus subtype and affected sub-population

16 Feb – 15 Jun 2019(n=64)

AI wordwide

Human cases

A(H5N1) – One case in March in Nepal. Since 2003 861 cases were reported, including 454 deaths

A(H5N6) – No new cases. Since 2014 24 cases were reported, including 12 deaths, all occurred in China

A(H7N4) - No new cases. The first human case was notified from China in Feb 2018

A(H7N9) - One case in March Total number of cases is 1 568, including 569 deaths, occurred from 2013

A(H9N2) - One case in March in Oman. Total number of cases is 56, including one death, reported since 1998

No human cases in EU/EEA

Risk of zoonotic transmission to general public considered very low

Use of personal protective measures minimises remaining risk

Few AI positive findings in birds reported in the EU in the current influenza season

There is no evidence of any new HPAI virus incursion from Asia

A(H5N6) in birds cluster in clade 2.3.4.4.b.

The risk of introduction during summer of AI viruses from non-EU countries via wild birds is decreasing

Conclusions

Report VIII

Reporting period- 16 February – 15 August 2019

Foreseen publication – end September

Report IX

Reporting period- 16 August – 15 November 2019

Foreseen publication – end December

AI monitoring - Upcoming activities in 2019

Working group members

ADLHOCH Cornelia (ECDC)

BALDINELLI Francesca (EFSA)

KUIKEN Thijs

MONNE Isabella (EURL)

MULATTI Paolo

SMIETANKA Krzysztof

STAUBACH Christoph

TERREGINO Calogero (EURL)

Reviewers

BICOUT Dominique

STEGEMAN Arjan

WILLEBERG Preben

EXPERTS involved

Austria (Andrea Hoeflechner-Poeltl, Eveline Wodak), Belgium (Philippe Houdart, Katie Vermeersch, Benedicte Lambrecht, Marjorie Piret, Mieke Steensels), Bulgaria(Aleksandra Miteva, Anna Zdravkova), Croatia (Zlatko Krovina, Tihana Miskic) Cyprus(Giorgos Krasias), Czech Republic (Milada Dubska, Petr Satran, Marie Vagnerova), Denmark (Thorkild Bastholm, Torben Grubbe, Pernille Dahl Nielsen, Stig Mellergaard), Estonia (Kart Jaarma, Helen Prommik), Finland (Tiia Tuupanen), France (Lo€ıcEvain, Isabelle Guerry, Alexandra Troyano-Groux, Mohamed Boukottaya, Anne Bronner, Alexandre Fediaevsky, Claire Guinat, Adeline Huneau-Salaun, Mathilde Paul), Germany (Timm Harder, Franz Conraths, Andrea Coßmann), Greece (SokratisPerdikaris), Hungary (Zsofia Szepesine Kokany, Zsolt Terjek, Gabor Wyszoczky, Anna Luca Vecsei), Ireland (Stephanie Ronan, Eoin Ryan), Italy (Anna Sorgente, Lebana Bonfanti, Stefano Marangon, Alessandra Azzolini), Latvia (Rudıte Varna), Lithuania(Paulius Busauskas), Luxembourg (Roger Gindt), Malta (Joseph Caruana), the Netherlands (Nina Berendsen, Dennis Bol, Geert Eleveld, Marcel Spierenburg), Poland (Edyta Swieton), Portugal (Yolanda Vaz), Romania (Ioana Neghirla, Alexandru Supeanu, Claudiu Stroe, Nicolae Dragan), Slovakia (Vilem Kopriva, BarboraPavlikova), Slovenia (Aleksandra Hari), Spain (Ana Fernandez Martın, Ines Moreno), Sweden (Annica Wallen Norell), the United Kingdom (Adam Brouwer, Ian Brown, Daisy Duncan, Helen Roberts)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

1) Collect, collate and analyse AI surveillance data on poultry and wild birds (from 2019 onwards)

2) Production of Annual Surveillance report (from 2018 onwards)

Avian Influenza: surveillance

Terms of Reference

1) Collect, collate and analyse surveillance data

Proposed Actions

Outcome Meth.approach

Add-on value

EFSA: Collate and merge data on active and passive surveillance for wild birds and poultry (including ADNS data).

A greater knowledge of the infection dynamics of AI at population level in wild birds and poultry and the association between the dynamics in both groups.

Comparing results from both types of surveillance activities (passive and active) in wild birds and poultry in time and space.

-Better advice on how to prevent virus spread between wild birds and poultry.

-Better opportunities for increasing awareness and optimizing prevention measures.

1) Proposed actions: EFSA and MSs

EFSA:

• Collate and merge data on active and passive surveillance for wild birds and poultry (ADNS)• To source/collate data on wild bird populations and their migration routes• Compile data on criteria used to design surveillance programmes and the identification of ‘at risk

areas’• Review of the usefulness of collecting/collating these data

MSs:

• Provide surveillance data for poultry not aggregated or aggregated at monthly/NUTS 3 level• Submit detailed poultry population data • Use of updated list of target species and new technologies for bird identification• Provide details of the follow-up testing in current and/or neighbouring establishments

Tool: Modified Excel book to create XML files (poultry +wild birds)

Data on poultry: non-aggregated or NUTS3/monthly level

Geographical location of WB: geo-coord

Future:

• Population data: poultry + wild birds (denominator data)

• ADNS data?

Tool: Two adapted PDF files, one for poultry and one for wild birds

Data on poultry: NUTS2/6month level

Geographical location of WB: NUTS values and geo-coord

Population data for the NUTS 2 where sampling took place

1) EFSA model

EFSA EC

Model designed (SSD2) and initial draft of the tool shared with MSs (final tool to be submitted in the coming weeks)

Feed back from MSs: terms to be added in catalogues and tool functionality

Update of EFSA catalogues: consultation on the most reported wild bird species

Training sessions with MSs

Validation reports (MicroStrategy)

1) State of play

DATA COLLECTION STARTINGJULY 2019

(running for the full month)

2018 Surveillance data submitted by MSs to EC

EFSA initiated the validation of data submitted

Production of tables and graphs based on preliminary (not validated) results

Fully validated dataset by 1st week July

2) 2018 Annual Surveillance report

Poultry (not fully validated)

Poultry (not fully validated)

Poultry (not fully validated)

Wild birds (not fully validated)

Member

State

Passive surveillance All samples

2018Average 2011-2015 2016 2017 2018

Austria 110 201 897 109 112

Belgium 228 280 367 237 1527

Bulgaria 18 9 47 58 60

Cyprus 107 124 117 109 133

Czech Republic 74 89 330 94 94

Germany 1334 5861 8533 1717 5775

Denmark 22 204 154 148 148

Estonia 9 5 38 16 230

Greece 52 16 90 13 13

Spain 487 264 370 344 859

Finland 99 208 316 195 195

France 89 190 766 113 113

Croatia 41 116 279 223 223

Hungary 1152 960 703 - -

Ireland 30 25 137 142 142

Italy 1146 1899 2019 2050 2050

Lithuania 13 22 131 70 71

Luxembourg 12 2 61 - -

Latvia 2 3 11 14 14

Malta - - - - -

Netherlands 209 536 509 663 663

Poland 30 85 209 36 36

Portugal 86 116 54 82 83

Romania 213 275 528 243 243

Sweden 234 354 452 386 455

Slovenia 116 151 556 - -

Slovak Republic 21 32 513 84 86

United Kingdom 526 537 1194 1282 1282

Switzerland(a) 12 264 162 45 45

Total(b) 6460 12564 19381 8428 14607

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Wild birds (not fully validated)

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Wild birds (not fully validated)

EFSA producing the annual surveillance report from 2018 onwards

The 2018 annual report is being produced by EFSA with data submitted by MSs to EC

The report will be shared with MSs Sept/Oct and published in November

From July 2019 onwards surveillance data will be submitted to EFSA

Summary

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Main changes in data submitted: poultry data submitted aggregated at NUTS 3/ monthly level

Gradual implementation of the recommendations made in the Scientific report on AI surveillance: poultry population data and wild bird abundance and distribution data

Summary

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SWG members on AI

MS representatives

EFSA colleagues

Former EURL (APHA)

Current EURL

All of you!

THANKS

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