· pdf fileonce upon a time there was a young man named kashi who lived in a small town. the...
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If g
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bscr
iptio
n na
me
of p
re-
Wha
t In
dia
Abr
oad–
a p
remier
news
pape
r fo
r In
dian
Amer
i-ca
ns, ha
d to
say
abo
ut u
s...
W
hat
do y
ou g
et w
hen
you
mul
tipl
y 21
and
23?
We
know
the
con
vent
iona
l met
hod.
Th
e an
swer
, aft
er a
ser
ies
of m
ulti
plic
atio
ns a
nd s
umm
atio
n, is
483
. Bu
t Ve
dic
mat
hem
atic
s of
fers
a s
impl
er w
ay.
Mul
tipl
y ve
rtic
ally
on
the
righ
t (1
X3)
and
wri
te t
he r
esul
t ri
ght
unde
r it
. Re
peat
for
the
left
(2X
2).
Then
mul
tipl
y di
agon
ally
and
add
the
res
ults
for
the
mid
dle
posi
tion
(3X
2 +
2X1=
8).
This
is t
he m
etho
d ex
plai
ned
in B
alag
okul
am, i
ntro
duce
d by
pub
lishe
r H
indu
Swa
yam
seva
k Sa
ngh
as “a
Uni
que
Hin
du m
agaz
ine
for
child
ren.
” Th
e ar
ticl
e go
es o
n to
ill
ustr
ate
mor
e el
abor
ativ
e m
ulti
plic
atio
ns in
volv
ing
carr
yove
rs.
Whe
n Sm
rith
i Nam
biar
, 12,
an
avid
rea
der
of H
ighl
ight
s, a
chi
ldre
n’s m
agaz
ine
lade
n wi
th q
uizz
es, j
okes
, sci
ence
, po
etry
and
art
, cam
e ac
ross
a c
opy
of B
alag
okul
am, s
he t
ook
to it
inst
antl
y. “
I lik
e to
sol
ve p
uzzl
es a
nd r
ead
stor
ies
writ
ten
by k
ids,
” she
say
s. O
n a
rece
nt w
eeke
nd, b
etwe
en h
er p
acke
d sc
hedu
le o
f sw
imm
ing
clas
ses
and
hom
ewor
k as
sign
men
ts, s
he f
lippe
d th
roug
h th
e pa
ges.
Whi
le s
he f
ound
the
cro
sswo
rd a
tad
dif
ficu
lt –
som
e cl
ues
requ
ired
a
good
kno
wled
ge o
f In
dian
myt
holo
gy –
Sm
rith
i had
fun
doi
ng c
ross
sum
s an
d sp
otti
ng d
iffe
renc
es in
pic
ture
s.
An
arti
cle
on t
he f
reed
om f
ight
er L
okm
anya
Bal
Gan
gadh
ar T
ilak
gave
her
an
insi
ght
into
Ind
ia’s
Inde
pend
ence
st
rugg
le.
“It
was
the
firs
t ti
me
I le
arne
d ab
out
him
,” sh
e sa
ys.
“I d
on’t
thin
k ki
ds g
rowi
ng u
p he
re w
ill [o
ther
wise
] kn
ow a
bout
Ind
ia’s
free
dom
str
uggl
e,” f
eels
Lak
shm
i Ram
an, a
you
ng p
aren
t wh
o m
igra
ted
to t
he U
nite
d St
ates
ab
out
a ye
ar a
go, a
lludi
ng t
o th
e ar
ticl
e on
Tila
k.
The
mag
azin
e co
ver
high
light
s th
e re
cent
fes
tive
sea
son
in I
ndia
and
bea
rs m
ulti
ple
draw
ings
by
child
ren.
The
re is
Go
ddes
s La
kshm
i wit
h Ka
ndee
l (la
nter
ns) i
n th
e ba
ckgr
ound
, dan
diya
ent
husi
asts
str
ike
a po
se, a
nd a
n ef
figy
of
Ra-
van
is r
eady
for
imm
olat
ion.
Ba
lago
kula
m w
as v
isua
lized
as
a m
agaz
ine
by c
hild
ren
for
the
child
ren
with
a f
air
spri
nklin
g of
art
icle
s by
adu
lts,
Ed
itor
-in-c
hief
Jyo
ti Y
elga
lawa
di s
aid
over
the
pho
ne f
rom
San
Jos
e, C
alif
orni
a. “
Sixt
y pe
rcen
t of
the
wri
ters
are
ch
ildre
n,” s
he s
aid.
BA
LAG
OK
ULA
M IN
TH
E P
RE
SS
Bal
ago
ku
lam
A U
niqu
e H
indu
Mag
azin
e Fo
r C
hild
ren
SUB
SCR
IBE
FO
R O
NLY
$1
1
RE
GU
LAR
FE
AT
UR
ES
♦La
ngua
ges
Of
India
♦Sc
ienc
e Ex
perimen
ts a
nd
Fact
s ♦
Our
Childre
n in t
he n
ews
& th
eir
achiev
emen
ts
♦Cr
ossw
ord,
sum
s &
Quiz
♦Ve
dic
Mat
h ♦
Holy
Land
—A t
rave
logu
e ♦
Balago
kulam E
vent
s ♦
Ask
Bha
rat
Unc
le
♦Co
lor
Me
& Tr
y a
Craf
t ♦
Hea
lth
Corn
er
♦Yo
ur O
wn P
oems
and
Art
-wo
rk
Onc
e up
on a
tim
e th
ere
was
a yo
ung
man
nam
ed K
ashi
who
liv
ed in
a s
mal
l tow
n. T
he t
own
was
in t
he t
ropi
cs a
nd f
ruit
s lik
e gu
avas
, pap
ayas
, and
man
gos
grew
apl
enty
. He
love
d m
ango
es,
and
ever
y ye
ar e
ager
ly w
aite
d fo
r th
e m
ango
sea
son.
The
m
ango
sea
son
brou
ght
with
it u
nbea
rabl
e he
at, a
nd m
any
flie
s,
and
thes
e he
did
not
like
! He
was
able
to
get
rid
of m
ost
of t
he
flie
s by
bai
ting
the
m w
ith
pois
on a
nd k
eepi
ng a
ll th
e ve
ssel
s cl
osed
. He
woul
d th
row
away
the
ski
ns a
nd t
he s
eeds
of
the
man
go c
aref
ully
, thi
s wa
y no
sti
cky
frui
t wa
s th
ere
to a
ttra
ct
the
flie
s.
But
he c
ould
not
do
away
wit
h th
e he
at! F
ans
and
cool
ing
aids
pro
vide
d lit
tle
help
as
he
coul
dn't
sta
y in
door
s al
l day
!
T
o ge
t aw
ay f
rom
the
hea
t an
d th
e ra
in, h
e ca
me
up w
ith
a pl
an. T
he n
ext
sum
mer
, he
went
to
a to
wn in
the
nor
ther
n pa
rt
of t
he c
ount
ry, w
here
it w
as c
ool a
nd p
leas
ant.
He
sett
led
into
a n
ice
littl
e ho
use
and
un-
pack
ed a
ll th
at h
e wo
uld
need
for
his
fou
r-m
onth
long
sta
y.
So w
hat
do y
ou t
hink
hap
pene
d ne
xt, did
Kash
i ge
t man
goes
and
enj
oy t
he s
ummer
? W
ant
to k
now
how
the
stor
y en
ded…
. Co
me
get
the
mag
azine
and
know
how
it
ende
d.
Tech
niqu
e To
Com
pute
a F
ract
ion
Ekad
hike
na P
urve
na
SUM
ME
RTI
ME
MA
NG
OE
S
Let
us s
ay w
e wa
nt t
o co
mpu
te t
he f
rac-
tion
1/1
9 us
ing
the
abov
e su
tra
(or
prin
ci-
ple)
. Th
ere
are
two
ways
to
do t
his.
By
Mul
tipl
icat
ions
, By
div
isio
ns.
In t
his
edit
ion,
we
will
lear
n th
e fi
rst
met
hod.
M
etho
d 1:
Usi
ng M
ulti
plic
atio
ns
1/19
, si
nce
19 i
s no
t di
visi
ble
by 2
or
5,
the
frac
tion
al r
esul
t is
a p
urel
y ci
rcul
atin
g or
rec
urri
ng d
ecim
al. A
rec
urri
ng d
ecim
al
is o
ne w
ith
a se
quen
ce o
f di
gits
tha
t re
-pe
ats
itse
lf i
ndef
init
ely.
(If
the
den
omi-
nato
r co
ntai
ns o
nly
fact
ors
2 an
d 5
is a
pu
rely
non
-cir
cula
ting
dec
imal
.)
So, w
e st
art
with
the
last
dig
it 1
M
ulti
ply
this
by
"one
mor
e",
that
is,
2
(thi
s is
the
"ke
y" d
igit
fro
m E
kadh
iken
a)
21
Mul
tipl
ying
2 b
y 2,
fol
lowe
d by
mul
tipl
ying
4 by
2
421
=> 8
421
Now
, mul
tipl
ying
8 b
y 2,
six
teen
68
421
1
<= c
arry
m
ulti
plyi
ng 6
by
2 is
12
plus
1 c
arry
giv
es
13
3684
21
1
<= c
arry
Co
ntin
uing
7
3684
21 =
> 473
6842
1 =>
947
3684
21
1
<= c
arry
N
ow
we
have
9
digi
ts
of
the
answ
er.
Ther
e ar
e a
tota
l of
18
di
gits
(=
deno
min
ator
-num
erat
or)
in
the
recu
r-ri
ng s
eque
nce
com
pute
d by
com
plem
enti
ng
the
lowe
r ha
lf:
0526
3157
8 94
7368
421
Thus
the
res
ult .0
5263
1578
, 94
7368
421
DO
WN
1)
Foun
der
of A
rya
Sam
aj, a
gre
at s
ocia
l ref
orm
er
2) A
dis
cipl
e of
Swa
mi V
ivek
anan
d, o
rigi
nally
fro
m
Irel
and
3)
The
pro
geni
tor
of B
uddh
ism
, was
als
o kn
own
as
Sidd
hart
ha
4) S
on o
f Ja
mad
agni
& R
enuk
a, c
onsi
dere
d as
the
in
carn
atio
n of
Lor
d Vi
shnu
7)
Col
lect
ions
(of
thre
e pa
rts)
of
the
orig
inal
tea
ch-
ings
of
Budd
ha
8) T
he g
reat
cha
ste
and
fait
hful
god
ly w
omen
- t
ook
Saty
avan
as
her
husb
and
know
ing
fully
wel
l tha
t he
wo
uld
not
live
long
13
) A m
oder
n da
y sa
ge b
orn
in s
outh
ern
Indi
a -
He
stay
ed a
t A
runa
chal
am m
ount
ains
aft
er r
enou
ncin
g hi
s ho
me.
AC
RO
SS
3 ) D
evot
ed h
is e
ntir
e lif
e to
the
ser
vice
of
deni
zens
of
the
jung
les
by e
stab
lishi
ng B
hila
Sev
a-M
anda
la -
Re
al n
ame
is A
mri
t La
l Tha
kkar
5)
The
onl
y da
ught
er o
f th
e 6t
h ki
ng o
f th
e Ka
kati
ya
Dyn
asty
of
And
hra
Prad
esh
– m
arri
ed t
o th
e Ch
alu-
kya
king
Vir
abha
dra
6)
A f
amou
s ph
iloso
pher
who
pro
poun
ded
the
Dva
ita
(Dua
listi
c) s
choo
l of
Veda
nta
- bo
rn in
13t
h ce
ntur
y 9)
The
gra
nd e
pic
com
pose
d by
Krs
na D
vaip
ayan
a Vy
asa
- co
nvey
s th
e et
erna
l mes
sage
of
Dha
rma
10
) A g
reat
gra
mm
aria
n an
d lin
guis
t of
San
skri
t -
Aut
hor
of t
he b
ook
nam
ed A
stad
hyay
i 11
) Pro
poun
der
of P
anca
ratr
a, t
he b
asis
of
the
Bha-
gava
ta D
harm
a an
d of
dev
otio
n (B
hakt
i) 1
2) T
his
is o
ne o
f th
e Sa
cred
boo
ks o
f Ja
ins
Clu
es
Col
or M
e A
nnap
urna
( A
form
of D
evi)
Cro
ssw
ord
A
A
A
V
O
R
A
N
Figu
re o
ut th
e na
mes
of f
our I
ndia
n riv
ers
and
use
the
lette
rs in
the
colo
red
boxe
s to
form
ano
ther
gre
at ri
ver.
Riv
ers
Of
Ind
ia