Wiedmann, Florian and Salama, Ashraf M. and Thierstein, Alain (2012)

Urban evolution of the city of Doha : an investigation into the impact of

economic transformations on urban structures. METU Journal of the

Faculty of Architecture, 29 (2). pp. 35-61. ISSN 0258-5316 ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.4305/METU.JFA.2012.2.2

This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/49930/

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URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 35

During the second half of the 20th century Qatar has witnessed its Rrstやurbanisationやperiod╇やwhichやwasやlinkedやtoやtheやrapidlyやincreasingやoilやproduction╆やToday╇やnewやdevelopmentやstrategies╇やwhichやhaveやbeenやimplementedやtoやdiversifyやitsやeconomy╇やhaveやledやtoやaやsecondやurbanやtransformationやprocess╆やConcomitantly╇やDohaやhasやwitnessedやitsやriseやfromやbeingやaやsmallやRshingやvillageやcommunityやinやtheやmiddleやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやtoやanやemergingやregionalやurbanやcentreやwithやmoreやthanやｱ╆ｵやmillionやinhabitants╆やThisやpaperやoTersやanやexploratoryやanalysisやofやtheやurbanやevolutionやofやQatarゎsやcapitalやcityやDohaやbasedやonやHenriやLefèbvreゎsやtheoryやofやspaceやproduction╆やTheやpaperやexploresやdiTerentやstagesやofやeconomicやtransformationやthatやhaveやhadやaやlargeやimpactやonやtheやstructureやofやtheやcity‒sやsocietyやasやwellやasやitsやbuiltやenvironment╆やItやalsoやanalyses╇やtheやmostやrecentやtransformationやprocessやthatやbeganやatやtheやendやofやｲｰthやcenturyやasやaやresultやofやaやrapidlyやgrowingやrealやestateやdevelopmentやgeneratedやbyやliberalisationやpoliciesやandやpublicやinvestments╆やInやorderやtoやunderstandやtheやfutureやimpactやofやcurrentやeconomicやdevelopmentやstrategies╇やtheやcity‒sやpastやurbanisationやstagesやandやtheirやspatialやdevelopmentやfactorsやareやoutlinedやthroughやdiTerentやperiodsやまやfromやtheやpreまoilやsemlement╇やtoやoilやproduction╇やtoやliberalizationやandやeconomicやdiversiRcationやstrategies╆やTheやanalysisやofやdiTerentやstagesやmanifestsやthatやeachやurbanizationやperiodやwasやdrivenやbyやaやspeciRcやeconomicやactivityやandやwasやbasedやonやkeyやgovernanceやandやplanningやstrategyやwithやaやparticularやimpactやonやtheやurbanやstructureやandやarchitecture╆ややTheやpaperやconcludesやbyやrelatingやtheやevolutionaryやprocessやofやtheやcityやtoやtheやchallengesやfacingやitsやfutureやurbanやenvironmentやsoやthatやresponsiveやstrategiesやforやliveabilityやandやqualityやofやurbanやlifeやcanやbeやenvisionedやandやimplemented╆やや

INTRODUCTION: LEFÈBVRE AND THE EVOLUTION OF URBAN SPACE

Diverseやfactorsやproduceやurbanやspaceやincludingやeconomic╇やsocialやandやenvironmentalやcircumstances╆やTheseやfactorsやaccumulateやinやcities╇やwhereや

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA: AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS ON URBAN STRUCTURES

Florian WIEDMANN*, Ashraf M. SALAMA**, Alain THIERSTEIN***

Received: ｱｹ╆ｱｲ╆ｲｰｱｱ╉ Final Text╈やｲｸ╆ｰｴ╆ｲｰｱｲ

Keywords: Doha╉やGulf╉やurbanisation╉やeconomicやdiversiRcation╉やurbanやstructure╉やknowledgeやeconomies╆

METU JFA 2012/2(29:2) 35-61

DOI: 10.4305/METU.JFA.2012.2.2

さやQatarやUniversity╇やDoha╇やQATAR ╆

ささやDepartmentやofやArchitectureやandやUrbanやPlanning╇やQatarやUniversity╇やDoha╇やQATAR ╆

さささやDepartmentやofやArchitecture╇やMunichやUniversityやofやTechnology╇やMunich╇やGerMAny╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn36 METU JFA 2012/2

theyやresultやinやvisibleやurbanやmorphologies╆やAnyやurbanやspaceやisやthusやtheやproductやofやtheやeconomicやandやculturalやinteractionsやofやaやsocietyやasやdeterminedやbyやitsやnaturalやresponseやtoやitsやenvironment╆やOverやtheやcenturiesやtheseやinteractionsやhaveやundergoneやanやevolutionaryやprocessやderivedやfromやaやgradualやincreaseやofやknowledge╇やwhichやconstitutesやtheやbasisやforやprogressやwithinやtheやdevelopmentやofやaやcivilisation╆やWhileやinやpreまindustrialやtimesやspaceやwasやtheやdirectやresultやofやsimpleやinteractionsやgearedやtowardやsustainingやlife╇やtheやmoreやtechnologiesやwereやinventedやtheやmoreやcentralisedやandやplannedやurbanやstructuresやbecame╆やParallelやtoやthisやdevelopment╇やpopulationsやwereやlessやandやlessやableやtoやparticipateやinやtheやproductionやofやspaceやasやurbanやstructuresやbecameやaやreSectionやofやtheやwillやofやpoliticalやandやeconomicやpowers╆やCitiesやthenやunderwentやaやnewやperiodやofやtransformationやduringやtheやsecondやhalfやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやafterやtheyやhadやbecomeやindustrialisedやinやwhichやnewやtechnologiesやallowedやforやdevelopmentやofやregionalやandやglobalやnetworksや〉Witlox╇やDerudder╇やｲｰｰｷ╇やｳｶ《╆や

Asやaやresultやofやtheseやnewやnetworks╇やinternationalやhubsやcameやintoやbeingやonやtheやbasisやofやamractingやcompaniesやinやtheやadvancedやserviceやsectorsやandやtheirやheadquarters╆やTheやmainやresourceやofやtheseやnewやeconomiesやisやhumanやknowledgeやandやthusやtheyやareやoftenやreferredやtoやasやknowledgeやeconomies╆やToday╇やthereやisやRerceやcompetitionやbetweenやestablishedやglobalやcentresやandやnewやemergingやcitiesやworldwideや〉Gaebe╇やｲｰｰｴ╇やｳｳ《╆やThus╇やtheやqualityやofやurbanやspaceやisやgainingやimportanceやdueやtoやtheやnecessityやofやamractingやandやsustainingやhumanやresources╆やInやthisやcontext╇やthisやpaperやseeksやtoやsubstantiateやtheやhypothesisやthatやurbanやgovernanceやinやemergingやcitiesやisやincreasinglyやfacingやtheやcrucialやneedやforやintegratingやtheやspeciRcやrequirementsやofやgrowingやknowledgeやcommunities╆やTheやbasisやofやtheやanalysisやofやurbanやevolutionやinやtheやemergingやcityやofやDohaやisやtheやworkやofやtheやFrenchやsociologistやHenriやLefebvre╇やwhoやisやknownやforやhisやcomprehensiveやtheoriesやonやtheやproductionやofやspaceや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ《〉1《╆

LefèbvreやdeRnesやthreeやmainやfactorsやinやtheやprocessやofやspaceやproduction╇やnamely╇やconceivedやspace╇やperceivedやspaceやandやlivedやspace╆やWhileやconceivedやspaceやisやregardedやasやtheやspaceやproducedやbyやplannersやandやpoliticalやdecisionまmakers╇やandやisやthereforeやbasedやonやknowledgeやandやideologies╇やperceivedやspaceやisやproducedやbyやtheやspatialやpracticeやofやallやtheやusersやofやaやspace╆やInやadditionやtoやmovementsや〉habitus《やandやplanningや〉intellectus《やspaceやisやformedやbyやtheやinvisibleやdegreeやofやpeople‒sやamachmentやtoやaやcertainやplace╆やThisやsubjectiveやdimensionやofやspaceやproductionやisやdeRnedやasやlivedやspaceや(intuitus《╆やBasedやonやhisやtheoryやofやtheやthreeやdimensionsやthatやproduceやspace╇やLefèbvreやdevelopedやhisやsecondやontologicalやtransformationやofやspaceやinやorderやtoやaddressやtheやevolutionaryやdimensionやthroughやtheやcourseやofやhistoryや(Figure 1《╆やWhileやinやtheやpastやspatialやpracticeやwasやinitiallyやtheやdominantやfactorやinやtheやproductionやofやspace╇やaやperiodやfollowedやinやwhichやconceivedやspaceやbecameやmostやinSuential╆やTheやendやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやthoughやmarks╇やinやLefèbvre‒sやview╇やtheやbeginningやofやaやnewやtypeやofやspaceやthatやisやmoreやdominatedやbyやlivedやspaceやandやwhichやheやconsidersやasやstillやbeingやinやitsやinfancy╆やHeやnamesやtheseやthreeやhistoricalやphasesやasや】absoluteやspace‒╇や】abstractやspace‒やandや】diTerentialやspace‒や〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｵｳ《╆や

Absoluteやspaceやwasやtheやresultやofやhumans‒やspatialやpractice╇やnamely╇やtheirやphysicalやinteractionやwithやtheやnaturalやenvironment╇やdrivenやbyやtheやneedやforやsurvival╆やThisやabsoluteやspaceやisやmoreやorやlessやfreeやofやintellectualやinterventionやandやrationalisedやplanningや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｲｳｰ《╆やItやshouldやbeやseenやasやaやproductやresultingやfromやtheやcommonやeTortやofやeveryやsingleやmemberやofやaやsocietyやandやthereforeやasやaやdirectやreSectionやofやtraditionsやandやenvironmentalや

1.やHenryやLefèbvreや〉ｱｹｰｵまｱｹｹｱ《やwasやaやMarxistやphilosopherやandやaやdynamicやintellectual╆やThroughoutやhisやcareer╇やheやmaintainedやaやstrongやcommitmentやtoやMarxism╇やbutやhasやalsoやcriticizedやitやasやbeingやtooやdogmaticや〉MerriReld╇やｲｰｰｶ╉やShields╇やｱｹｹｹ《╆やTheやenglishやtranslationsやofやhisやbooksやduringやtheやｱｹｹｰsやandやearlyやｲｰｰｰsややcorroborateやtheやappreciationやandやvalueやofやhisやworkやinやcontemporaryやdiscourse╆やHis ideas and theories were centred on dialecticalやthinking╇やnotionsやofやcritique╇やandやtheやmeaningやandやpoliticsやofやspaceやandやsociety╆やWhileやheやwasやaやmultifacetedやthinker╇やtheやfocusやofやthisやpaperやisやonやtheやfactorsやheやidentiRedやasやintegralやcomponentsやinやtheやprocessやofやspaceやproduction╆やWhileやveryやvaluableやinやtheやReldsやofやcityやpoliticsやandやsocialやsciences╇やaやdiscussionやofやotherやaspectsやofやhisやworkやwouldやgoやbeyondやtheやscopeやofやthisやpaper╆や

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 37

circumstances╆やAccordingやtoやLefèbvre‒sやinterpretationやtheやGreekやandやromanやantiquity╇やinやwhichやcountrysideやandやurbanやsemlementsやwereやnotやunderstoodやasやcontrastedやbutやratherやseenやasやmerged╇やconstituteやtheやtimeやperiodやofやabsoluteやspaceやinやeuropeや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｲｴｷ《╆やAbsoluteやspaceやasやtheやpredominantやspaceやinやeuropeanやhistoryやendedやtogetherやwithやtheやfeudalやsystemやatやtheやtimeやthatやaやcapitalまdrivenやeconomyやwasやbeginningやtoやemergeやduringやtheやｱｲthやcenturyや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｲｵｵ《╆やTheやepochやofやtheやrenaissanceやcameやintoやbeingやthroughやexpandingやcommerce╇やcausingやtheやendやofやtheやunityやofやcountryやandやcity╆やDueやtoやtheやincreasingやdevelopmentやofやtradeやroutesやandやrapidやpopulationやgrowth╇やcitiesやbecameやmarketやcentresやandやthusやplacesやwhereやwealthやandやsubsequentlyやknowledgeやaccumulatedや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｲｶｲ《╆やTheやcityやbecameやtheやcentreやofやpoliticalやpowerやandやitsやspatialやdevelopmentやbecameやmoreやandやmoreやadministeredやandやshapedやbyやitsやrulersやtoやenhanceやtheやfunctionalityやofやitsやurbanやspace╆やConceivedやspace╇やtheやspaceやofやtheやintellect╇やbeganやtoやemergeやandやformedやaやnewやtype╇やknownやasや】abstractやspace‒╇やnamedやforやitsやcharacteristicやofやreducingやtheやspatialやaspectsやintoやfunctionalやandやgeometricalやformsや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｶｱ《╆や

Theやgradualやtransitionやfromやabsoluteやspaceやtoやabstractやspaceやwas╇やinやtheやcaseやofやeurope╇やaやratherやextensiveやperiodやstretchingやfromやitsやRrstやrootsやinやlateやantiquityやthroughやtoやtheやriseやofやnationalやstatesやandやtheやbeginningsやofやindustrialisationやtoやcontemporaryやurbanやspace╆やTheやindustrialisationやperiodやmarkedやaやsigniRcantやstepやwithinやthisやevolutionaryやprocessやsinceやitやdemandedやplanningやonやvariousやscalesやandやinやvariousやareasや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｴｱ《╆やUrbanやplanningやbecameやanやimportantやtoolやforやshapingやurbanやstructuresやbyやdeRningやroadやnetworksやandやlandやuse╆ややTheやfunctionalやsubdivisionやofやlandやintoやresidentialやareas╇やbusinessやareas╇やandやindustrialやareasやhasやbeenやtheやconsequenceやofやexpandingやpublicやadministration╆やTheやintroductionやofやtheやcarやasやaやnewやmodeやofやtransportやduringやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやmarkedやanotherやmilestoneやinやtheやdevelopmentやofやurbanやspaceやbyやmakingやdistancesやbetweenやtheやvariousやfunctionalやspacesやmanageable╇やthusやgivingやriseやtoやsuburbanやsprawl╆やParticularlyやafterやWorldやWarやIIやurbanやplanningやwasやoftenやreducedやtoやtheやcalculationやandやimplementationやofやphysicalやplansやthatやenabledやcitiesやtoやbeやaccessibleやbyやcarや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｵｹ《╆やTheやendやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやcanやbeやseenやasやtheやbeginningやofやaやnewやtransitionやperiod╇やwhichやisやcalledや】conSictedやspace‒╆やTheやdominantやroleやofやconceivedやspaceやwithinやabstractやspaceやleadsやtoやtheやriseやofやincreasingやconSicts╆やTheやdependencyやonやtheやfactorやofやgrowthやhasやbecomeやinhibitingやforやtheやemergenceやandやsustenanceやofやurbanやqualitiesや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｵｴ《╆や

Theやcommercialisationやofやspaceやhasやcreatedやfragmentedやandやsegregatedやurbanやlandscapes╇やwhichやareやdescribedやbyやLefèbvreやasやagglomerationsや

Figure 1.やModelやofやLefèbvre‒sやtheoryやofやspaceやproductionやandやevolution╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn38 METU JFA 2012/2

consistingやofやeitherや】spacesやofやleisure‒やorや】spacesやofやlabour‒や〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｸｳ《やwhereやtheやroleやofやinhabitantsやisやlargelyやreducedやtoやeitherやtheやconsumptionやofやspaceやorやtheやproductionやofやgoodsやandやservicesや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｵｳ《╆やHowever╇やtheやbasisやforやthisやtypeやofや】conSictedやspace╇‒やisやbeingやerodedやbyやtheやemergenceやofやknowledgeやeconomies╆やKnowledgeやhasやbecomeやmoreやanやinSuentialやfactorやwithinやeconomicやdevelopmentやbyやappreciatingやtheやimportanceやofやaやqualiRedやworkforceやandやsoやtheirやparticularやneedsやandやdemandsやwithやregardやtoやspace╆やThus╇やurbanやdiversityやandやurbanやidentityやareやbecomingやmoreやdecisiveやinやtermsやofやtheやeconomicやsustainabilityやofやcities╇やwhichやisやwhyやLefèbvreやpredictsや】livedやspace‒やtoやbecomeやanやincreasinglyやsigniRcantやfactorやinやtheやfutureやinやtheやproductionやofやurbanやspaceや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｳｹｹ《╆やInやsuchやaやscenario╇やindividualやlongまtermやinvestmentやonやtheやpartやofやtheやmembersやofやaやcoherentやsocietyやwillやovercomeやtheやshortまtermやinterestsやofやspeculatorsやandやtheやselfまmanagementやofやurbanやcellsやwillやreplaceやtopまdownやandやtechnocraticやdecisionまmaking╆やLefèbvreやarguesやthatやurbanやqualitiesやareやhighlyやdependentやonやtheやproactiveやparticipationやofやanやenlightenedやsociety╇やcreatingやaやdiverseやurbanやspace╇やorやasやheやputsやitやまやaや】diTerentialやspace‒や〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ╇やｵｲ《╆

WhileやLefèbvre‒sやworkやfocusedやonやeuropeanやurbanやhistory╇やhisやtheoryやofやspaceやevolutionやisやapplicableやtoやaやwideやvarietyやofやcontexts╆やInやmanyやpartsやofやtheやworldやthereやisやratherやlimleやreSectionやaboutやcontemporaryやurbanismやinやrelationやtoやitsやcomplexやcontextsやandやtheirやevolutionやovertime╆やTheやemergingやcitiesやinやtheやGulfやareやextremeやcasesやinやwhichやtheやhistoryやofやurbanやevolutionやisやreducedやtoやaやtimeやperiodやofやaやfewやdecades╆やTheやproductionやofやoilやandやtheやliberalisationやstrategiesやofやtheやlastやtwoやdecadesやareやtheやkeyやforcesやdrivingやtheやmodernやurbanisationやprocessやinやtheやGulf╆やInやthisやpaperやtheやurbanやevolutionやofやQatar‒sやcapitalやDohaやisやinvestigatedやbyやexaminingやeachやofやitsやfourやdistinctやurbanやspacesやduringやitsやrapidやurbanやdevelopmentやfromやaやpreまoilやsemlementやtoやanやoilやcityやandやthenやitsやtransformationやtoやanやemergingやserviceやcentreやwithinやregionalやandやglobalやnetworksや〉2《╆や

ABSOLUTE SPACE: THE VERNACULAR PRE-OIL SETTLEMENTS OF DOHA

DuringやtheやｱｸthやcenturyやtheやAlやMaadhidやtribeやandやitsやleadingやfamilyやclanやAlやThaniやmovedやfromやcentralやArabiaやtoやsemleやonやtheやnorthernやcoastやofやQatar╇やwhereやtheyやresidedやinやtheやareaやaroundやZubara╆やAsやaやconsequenceやofやtribalやconSictsやwithやtheやAlやKhalifaやtribeやtheやAlやMaadhidやtribeやunderやtheやleadershipやofやSheikhやMohammedやbinやThaniやresemledやonやtheやeasternやcoastやofやtheやPeninsulaやinやｱｸｴｷ╇やwhereやitsやclansやfoundedやtheやsemlementやofやAlやBidaaやatやtheやlocationやofやanやoldやRshingやvillageや〉Adham╇やｲｰｰｸ╇やｲｲｱ《╆やTheやchoiceやofやlocationやwasやbasedやonやtheやwaterやsourceやWadiやSailやandやtheやfortunateやshapeやofやtheやcoastline╇やwhichやprotectedやtheやsemlementやfromやseaやamacks╆やWhenやtheやexpandingやpearlやtradeやledやtoやonまgoingやconSictsやwithやtheやAlやKhalifaやtribe╇やtheやBritishやcolonialやpowerやwasやconcernedやaboutやtheやmaritimeやsecurityやofやitsやtradingやroutesやandやsignedやaやcontractやinやｱｸｶｸやwithやtheやAlやThaniやclanやrecognisingやitsやoUcialやrulershipやofやQatar╆やDuringやtheやRrstやdecadesやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやAlやBidaaやgrewやtoやaroundやｱｲ╇ｰｰｰやinhabitantsやdueやtoやtheやSourishingやpearlやtrade╆やHowever╇やitsやpopulationやrapidlyやdecreasedやduringやtheやｳｰs╇やwhenやQatar‒sやentireやpopulationやdroppedやfromやｲｷ╇ｰｰｰやtoやlessやthanやｱｶ╇ｰｰｰやinhabitantsやbecauseやofやtheやcollapseやofやpearlやRshingやcausedやbyやtheやinventionやofやculturedやpearlsやinやJapanや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｴｹ《╆やややや

TheやdevelopmentやofやAlやBidaaやintoやeightやdistinctやsemlementsやalongやtheやshoreline╇やwhichやtogetherやoccupiedやanやareaやofやaroundやｱ╆ｲｳやsqやkmや〉Hasan╇や

2.やMajorやcitiesやinやtheやGulfやregionやhaveやrecentlyやacquiredやaやgeoまstrategicやimportance╆やThroughやtheやshiftやofやglobalやeconomicやforcesやcitiesやinやtheやregion╇やandやDohaやisやnoやexception╇やareやdevelopedやasやcentralやhubsやbetweenやoldやeconomiesやofやWesternやeuropeやandやtheやrisingやeconomiesやofやAsia╆やInやtheやcontextやofやinternationalやcompetitionやbetweenやcitiesやnewやchallengesやareやemergingやwhereやcitiesやneedやtoやRndやwaysやtoやsustainやandやextendやtheirやpositionやinやtheやcontextやofやaやglobalやknowledgeやeconomy╆やKnowledgeやbasedやeconomiesやhaveやbeenやidentiRedやasやtheやkeyやdriverやforやspatialやandやurbanやdevelopmentやprocesses╆やTheyやincludeやservices╇やhighやtechやindustries╇やandやhigherやeducationやinstitutions╇やandやareやcharacterizedやbyやstrongやinternationalやpresenceやandやtransnationalやpractices╆やAやconsiderableやnumberやofやstudiesやandやresearchやprojectsやhaveやbeenやconductedやandやareやbeingやconductedやtoやaddressやtimelyやandやpressingやissuesやrelevantやtoやmajorやcitiesやofやtheやregionや〉ThiersteinやandやSchein╇やｲｰｰｸ╉やScharfenort╇やｲｰｰｹ╉やWiedmann╇やｲｰｱｰ╉やSalamaやandやTheirstein╇やｲｰｱｰ╉やAlawady╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆やInやessence╇やtheyやamemptやtoやanswerやquestionsやrelatedやtoやtheやqualitiesやofやurbanismやandやtheやwayやinやwhichやcitiesやcanやsurviveやinやtheやglobalやcompetitionやofやgeographicやlocationsやwhileやinSuencingやtheirやsigniRcanceやwithinやaやknowledgeやeconomyやcontext╆

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 39

ｱｹｹｴ《╇やwasやaやresultやofやtheやneedやforやaccessやtoやtheやsea╇やlandやdistributionやtoやtribalやclansやandやtheやlocationやofやwaterやsources╆やAlやBidaaやwasやlaterやrenamedやDoha╇やwhichやeitherやrefersやtoやaやbigやtreeやstandingやatやtheやcoastやorやtoやtheやcircularやshapeやofやtheやcoastlineや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｸｱ《╆やDoha‒sやpopulationやduringやtheやRrstやhalfやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやconsistedやofやtheやAlやMaadhidやtribeやinやadditionやtoやgroupsやofやPersianやimmigrants╇やwhoやwereやmainlyやengagedやasやcraftsmenやinやboatやconstruction╇やandやeastまAfricanやslavesやworkingやasやRshermenやorやinやtheやpearlやindustry╆やFurthermore╇やBedouinやtribesやsemledやinやtentsやandやbarastiやhutsやatやtheやperipheryやofやDohaやduringやcertainやseasonsやinやorderやtoやtradeやtheirやanimalsやandやanimalやproductsや〉Adham╇やｲｰｰｸ╇やｲｲｴ《╆やeachやsocialやgroupやlivedやsegregatedやinやtheirやownやareasやandやtheやmainやcentresやofやsocialやinteractionやwereやtheやharbour╇やmarketやandやmosque╆やWhileやtheやresidentialやdistrictsやofやtheやAlやMaadhidやtribeやwereやmainlyやlocatedやwithinやtheやsmallやseparateやsemlementsやinやtheやeastやandやwestやofやAlやBidaa╇やPersiansやandやotherやArabやimmigrantsやlivedやcloseやtoやtheやmarketやandやharbourやarea╇やcurrentlyやknownやasやAlやJasrahや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｹｰ《╆やDueやtoやtheやsocioまeconomicやimportanceやofやtheやmarketやandやharbourやareaやeachやneighbourhoodやwasやdirectlyやlinkedやviaやroads╆やHowever╇やtheやroadやnetworkやwasやnotやaやresultやofやconsciousやplanningやbutやratherやtheやconsequenceやofやtheやcollectiveやbuildingやeTortsやofやeachやfamily╆やTheやruler‒sやfunctionやconcerningやtheやadministrationやofやtheやsemlementやdevelopmentやwasやlimitedやtoやincentivesやregardingやwhereやtoやbuildやaやpalaceやandやmosqueやinやadditionやtoやaやmacroまdistributionやofやlandやregardingやmarketsやandやnewやresidentialやdistricts╆やFurthermore╇やwithinやtheやtribalやstructureやheやwasやseenやasやtheやleadingやsheikhやandやthusやasやexecutorやofやIslamicやlaw╇やwhichやalsoやcoveredやbuildingやviolationsや〉Hakim╇やｲｰｰｷ╇やｱｵｴ《╆やHowever╇やmostやconstructionやconcernsやwereやdealtやwithやatやlowerやlevelsやwithinやtribalやclansやandやthusやitやcanやbeやstatedやthatやDoha‒sやsemlementやdevelopmentやwasやmainlyやgovernedやbyやbomomまupやratherやthanやtopまdownやdecisionまmaking╆やや

Homesやwereやbuiltやbasedやonやtheやinheritedやknowledgeやofやtheやindigenousやpopulationやusingやlocalやbuildingやmaterialsやsuchやasやpalmやfrondsやandやtrunksやasやwellやasやcoral╇やstonesやandやmud╆やresidentialやbuildingsやvariedやfromやsimpleやbuildingsやwithやoneやspaceやandやentranceやtoやcourtyardやhousesやwithやtwoやSoorsや〉JaidahやandやBourenane╇やｲｰｰｹ╇やｳｰ《╆やTheやdesignやfollowedやtheやIslamicやtraditionやofやdividingやmaleやandやfemaleやspacesやandやtheやhighやdegreeやofやfamilyやprivacy╇やwhichやwasやfurtherやmirroredやinやtheやcomplexやsystemやofやwindingやalleysやwithinやneighbourhoodsやthatやservedやasやaccessやtoやindividualやhomesや〉JaidahやandやBourenane╇やｲｰｰｹ╇やｲｲ《╆やInやtheseやneighbourhoods╇やknownやasやferej╇やeachやfamilyやclanやbuiltやtheirやhomesやinやcloseやproximityやtoやeachやother╇やusuallyやwallやonやwall╇やdueやtoやtheirやstrongやaUliationやandやsocialやinteraction╆やTheやhighやdensityやofやtheやbuiltやareaやwasやalsoやinSuencedやbyやtheやhotやclimateやandやtheやnecessityやtoやshadeやwalkwaysやandやexposedやwalls╆やTheやsouqやitselfやwasやpartlyやroofedやandやlocatedやatやtheやendやofやWadiやSail╆やAsやinやotherやIslamicやportやcitiesやDoha‒sやmarketやstretchedやinやlinearやfashionやalongやmainやroadsやandやsideやroadsやfromやtheやharbourやareaやtowardやinland╆やTheやtownやcentreやwasやmarkedや

Figure 2a.やTheやtraditionalやurbanやstructureやofやoldやDoha╆やSource╈やMsheirebやProperties╆

Figure 2b.やTheやoldやurbanやfabricやofやDoha╆やSource╈やMsheirebやProperties╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn40 METU JFA 2012/2

byやtheやFridayやmosqueやandやtheやpalace╆やTheやendやofやtheやsouqやinやtheやsouthやwasやmarkedやbyやtheやAlやKhootやFort╇やsurroundedやbyやtheやlargeやopenやspaceやofやtheやcemeteryや〉Figure 2a, 2b).

Doha‒sやtraditionalやurbanやformやremainedやintactやuntilやtheやmiddleやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやwhenやmodernやurbanisationやbegan╆やItsやvernacularやstructureやandやarchitectureやwereやtheやresultやofやdirectやhumanやinteractionやandやparticipationやwithinやtheやbuildingやprocess╆やClimateやandやcultureやhadやthusやshapedやaやbuiltやenvironmentやreSectingやnotやonlyやhowやitsやspacesやwereやusedやfromやaやfunctionalやpointやofやviewやbutやalsoやhowやtheseやspacesやexpressedやtheやinnerやworldやofやaやsocietyやthatやwasやhighlyやdependentやonやitsやnaturalやenvironmentやandやtribalやaUliationsや〉Figure 2c《╆やTheやformerやwasやreSectedやinやstructuralやaspectsやofやtheやlocalやarchitectureやthatやwereやadaptedやtoやtheやdesertやclimateやwhileやtheやlamerやwasやreSectedやinやdecorativeやelementsやsuchやasやplantやimagesやorやgeometricやpamernsやonやwallsやandやdoorsやindicativeやofやtheやpeople‒sやtribalやoriginsやinやcentralやArabia╆やBothやadvancedやbuildingやtechniquesやandやtheやconservationやofやtraditionalやfaçadeやdecorationやconveyやtheやoldやrootsやofやDoha‒sやhistoricやbuiltやstructures╆や

AlthoughやtheやsemlementやwasやfoundedやasやaやsmallやRshingやvillageやatやtheやbeginningやofやtheやｱｹthやcenturyやandやthusやlooksやbackやonやaやratherやshortやhistory╇やitsやurbanやandやarchitecturalやformsやareやthousandsやofやyearsやoldや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｸｶ《╆やInheritedやknowledgeやandやtraditionsやhaveやbuiltやthisやspaceやbyやfollowingやnoやplanningやorやcentralisedやregulations╆やDespiteやtheやallocationやofやlandやbyやtribalやrulers╇やlandやwasやgenerallyやfreeやtoやuseやandやbuildやon╆やThus╇やorganicやsemlementやpamernsやevolvedやbasedやonやtheやprincipleやofやaやcell╇やinやthisやcaseやtheやcourtyardやhouse╇やmultiplyingやintoやclustersやtoやformやneighbourhoodsやthatやconnectedやtoやtheやcentralやbackboneやofやtheやsemlementやまやtheやmarket╇やportやandやmosqueや〉Figure 2d《╆やDoha‒sやpreまoilやsemlementやisやtoやaやlargeやextentやtheやproductやofやtheやcollectiveやeTortsやofやitsやinhabitants╇やtheirやhabitsやandやtheirやintuitionやandやthusやitやisやinterpretedやasやanや｠absoluteやspaceを╆やCapitalistやincentivesやcausedやbyやtheやpearlやtradeやorやtheやinteractionやwithやcolonialやpowersやhadやnotやyetやledやtoやcentralisedやplanningやandやstateやregulationsやimpactingやDoha‒sやvernacularやstructure╆や

Figure 2c. A traditional cluster of houses in oldやDoha╆やSource╈やMsheirebやProperties╆

Figure 2d.やDoha‒sやpreまoilやsemlementsやinやｱｹｴｷ╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 41

ABSTRACT SPACE: MODERN URBANISATION AS A RESULT OF THE OIL BOOM

AlthoughやoilやhadやalreadyやbeenやfoundやbyやPetroleumやDevelopmentやQatarやLtd╆やinやDukhanやinやtheやwestやofやtheやcountryやinやｱｹｳｷ╇やproductionやbeganやafterやWorldやWarやIIやatやtheやtimeやofやQatar‒sやmodernやurbanisationや〉Scholz╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｸｸ《╆やTheやRrstやrevenuesやmadeやfromやoilやwereやmainlyやinvestedやinやtheやdevelopmentやof infrastructure such as the construction of a regional road connecting the DukhanやReldやwithやDohaやandやtheやRrstやairport╇やwhichやwasやbuiltやinやtheやeastやofやtheやcity╆やDueやtoやtheやlocationやofやtheやresidenceやofやtheやrulingやAlやThaniやfamily╇やDohaやbecameやtheやcentreやofやmodernやurbanisationやinやQatar╆やFromやtheやｱｹｵｰsやtoやｱｹｷｰやDoha‒sやpopulationやgrewやfromやaroundやjustやｱｴ╇ｰｰｰやinhabitantsやtoやoverやｸｳ╇ｰｰｰ╇やwithやforeignやimmigrantsやconstitutingやaboutやｶｷゾや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｲｱｷ《╆やAlmostやｹｰゾやofやtheやworkingやpopulationやwasやnonまQatariやinやｱｹｷｰやdueやtoやaやlackやofやeducatedやworkforceやamongやtheやindigenousやpopulationやandやtheやintroductionやofやsubsidies╇やwhichやturnedやQatarやintoやaやclassicやwelfareやstateやreliantやonやitsやfossilやresources╆やnationまwideやonlyやaboutやｲｵゾやofやaroundやｳｰ╇ｰｰｰやQatarisやwereやcountedやasやworkforceやbyやaやcensusやinやｱｹｷｰやandやmostやwereやengagedやinやtheやnewlyやestablishedやpublicやadministrationやinやDohaや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｶｸ《╆やTheやprivateやsectorやwasやmainlyやrunやbyやimmigrantsやfromやSouthやAsiaやandやotherやArabやcountries╇やwhoやworkedやinやtheやexpandingやtradeやbusinessesやorやasやemployeesやinやtheやlowerやserviceやsector╆

Duringやtheやｱｹｵｰsやandやｱｹｶｰsやsemlementやpamernsやwereやdeterminedやbyやtheやdevelopmentやofやmodernやinfrastructureやsuchやasやroadsやandやtheやsupplyやofやfreshやwaterやandやelectricity╆やTheやmodernやadministration╇やwhichやwasやdistributedやamongやvariousやbuildingsやallやoverやtheやcity╇やwasやjustやinやitsやinfancyやandやdespiteやtheやintroductionやofやtheやRrstやpublicやhousingやlawやinやｱｹｶｴ╇やplanningやandやregulationsやstillやhadやlimitedやimpactやonやtheやgeneralや

Figure 3.やTheやsemlementやareasやinやｱｹｴｷやandやｱｹｷｱ╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn42 METU JFA 2012/2

developmentや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｹｲ《╆やyet╇やaやmajorやimpactやwasやmadeやonやtheやurbanやformやbyやimportedやgoods╇やparticularlyやcarsやandやairやconditioning╇やandやtheやvastやimmigration╆やSubsequently╇やroadsやwereやwidenedやinやcentralやareasやtoやprovideやaccessやbyやcarやandやtheやoldやcourtyardやbuildingsやwereやreplacedやbyやmodernやbuildingやblocksやmadeやofやcementやstones╆やFurthermore╇やnewやhousingやareasやwereやconstructedやinやaやratherやuncoordinatedやmannerやaroundやtheやformerやcityやboundariesやinやorderやtoやaccommodateやexpatriateやlabourやasやwellやasやQatarisやmovingやfromやotherやpartsやofやtheやcountryやtoやDoha╆やSubsequently╇やtheやcityやgrewやinやallやdirectionsやwithやdevelopmentやmainlyやconcentratedやinやtheやwestやbecauseやofやtheやroadやtoやAlやDukhanやandやsouthまeastやtowardやtheやairportや(Figure 3《╆やDueやtoやtheやrapidlyやgrowingやtradeやofやimportedやgoodsやmanyやinformalやshoppingやareasやgrewやalongやtheやperipheryやofやtheやcityやcentreやandやinやproximityやtoやtheやoldやmarketやareaや〉Scholz╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｲｰｱ《╆や

InやthisやRrstやperiodやofやDoha‒sやurbanやtransformationやdevelopmentsやwereやgenerallyやratherやuncoordinated╆やHowever╇やincentivesやsuchやasやtheやreclamationやofやanやareaやatやDoha‒sやportやorやtheやconstructionやofやtheやAlまCornicheやroadやwouldやbecomeやelementsやthatやdeRnedやlaterやurbanやdevelopments╆やrectangularやsemlementやpamernsやandやmodernやcementやbuildingsやaddedやaやfragmentedやbeltやaroundやtheやoldやcentreやandやitsやharbour╇やwhichやinやturnやwereやgraduallyやreplacedやbyやmodernやurbanisation╆やThus╇やDoha‒sやtraditionalやurbanやspaceやfacedやitsやrapidやend╇やcausedやbyやtheやRrstやinvestmentsやinやmodernやinfrastructureやandやtheやincreasingやpurchasingやpowerやofやitsやpopulation╆やSubsequently╇やcarsやandやairやconditioningやenabledやtheやemergenceやofやaやnewやurbanやstructureやwithやlowやbuiltやdensities╇やextensiveやroadやgridsやandやcementやblockやarchitecture╆や

WhileやanやinitialやpublicやadministrationやalreadyやexistedやinやtheやｱｹｵｰsやandやgrewやduringやtheやｱｹｶｰsやwhenやtheやRrstやmunicipalityやwasやfoundedやinやｱｹｶｳ╇やitやwasやonlyやafterやtheやdeclarationやofやQatar‒sやindependenceやasやaやstateやinやｱｹｷｱやand╇やperhapsやevenやmoreやsigniRcantly╇やwhenやSheikhやKhalifaやBinやHamadやAlやThaniやtookやoverやasやrulerやinやｱｹｷｲやthatやanやeUcientやcentralやadministrationやcameやintoやbeingや〉Zahlan╇やｱｹｷｹ《╆やThisやadministrationやincludedやseveralやministriesやthatやdealtやwithやQatar‒sやurbanisation╇やtheやmostやimportantやofやwhichやwasやtheやMinistryやofやMunicipalやATairsやandやAgricultureや〉MMAA《やwithやitsやtownやplanningやsectionやestablishedやinやｱｹｷｴや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｲｰｷ《╆やItやwasやlaterやfollowedやbyやtheやcreationやofやseveralやministriesやthatやdealtやwithやinfrastructuralやdevelopmentやsuchやasやtheやMinistryやofやPublicやWorksや〉MPW《╆やTheやcentralisationやofやgovernanceやenabledやpetrodollarsやtoやbeやeUcientlyやinvestedやinやtheやurbanisationやprocess╇やleadingやtoやrapidやurbanやgrowthやduringやtheやｱｹｷｰsやandやｱｹｸｰsやwhenやoilやpricesやreachedやnewやheights╆や

Duringやthisやperiod╇やmanyやWesternやconsultantsやwereやinvolvedやinやtheやRrstやphaseやofやurbanやplanningやinやDoha╆やInやｱｹｷｴやtheやBritishやconsultantやLlewelynやDavisやwasやappointedやbyやtheやnewやtownやplanningやauthorityやwithinやtheやMMAAやtoやdesignやtheやRrstやmasterplanやofやDohaやforやｱｹｹｰ╆やHisやplanやwasやbasedやonやaやringやconceptやwithやaやclearやdeRnitionやandやaやfunctionalやdistributionやofやlandやusesやregardingやeachやring╆やThisやbasicやstructureやwasやtheやbasisやforやtheやdevelopmentやofやaやringまroadやsystemやduringやtheやｱｹｷｰsやasやwellやasやforやsubsequentやlandやallocationやandやsuburbanやsprawlやinやtheやoutskirtsやofやDoha╆やBasedやonやthisやinitialやzoningやplanやandやnewlyやintroducedやlandやpoliciesやaやnewやcityやcentreやwasやcreatedやconsistingやofやcommercialやdevelopments╇やservicesやandやmultiまstoreyやhousing╆やDuringやtheやｱｹｷｰsやallやoldやQatariやneighbourhoodsやwereやreplacedやandやtheやindigenousやpopulationやmovedやtoやnewやsuburbanやdevelopmentsやsuchやasやAlやrayyan╇やMedinatやKhalifaやorやAlやGharrafaやinやtheやnorthまwestやofやtheやcity╆やThisやwasやmadeやpossibleやbyやtheやlandやpolicies╇やwhichや

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 43

includedやtheやfreeやreplacementやofやpropertiesやwithやallocatedやplotsやofやlandやmeasuringやｳｰや┓やｳｰやmetresやandやtheやprovisionやofやinterestまfreeやloansやforやtheやconstructionやofやhousingやorやRnancialやcompensation╇やwhichやusuallyやexceededやtheやmarketやpriceやofやrealやestateやatやthatやtimeや〉naqy╇やｱｹｹｷ《╆や

Subsequently╇やtheやｱｹｷｰsやwitnessedやincreasingやlandやspeculationやwithinやtheやcityやcentreやandやitsやsurroundingやareas╆やUntilやｱｹｹｱやtheやPlanningやDepartmentやofやtheやMMAAやwasやinやchargeやofやsubdividingやlandやintoやparcelsやwhileやpublicやhousingやprogrammesやwereやtheやdomainやofやtheやMinistryやofややLabourやandやSocialやATairsやasやwellやasやtheやMinistryやofやPublicやWorks╆やTheseやsuperposedやresponsibilitiesやledやtoやcoordinationやproblems╇やwhichやwereやfurtherやexacerbatedやbyやtheやfactやthatやhighまproRleやprojectsやwereやusuallyやunderやtheやsupervisionやofやtheやemiriやDiwanやandやthusやnotやpartやofやtheやgeneralやlegalisationやprocessやwithinやministriesや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｲｰｳ《╆やDespiteやtheseやdebilitatingやfactorsやtheやmainやelementsやofやDoha‒sやRrstやmasterやplanやwereやimplementedやandやitsやproposedやlandやreclamationやofやｶｳｰやhectaresやinやtheやnorthやofやtheやcityやcentre╇やwhichやincludedやtheやdevelopmentやofやaやcircularやCorniche╇やwasやcompletedやatやtheやendやofやtheやｱｹｷｰsや〉Scholz╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｲｰｲ《╆やTheやmainやobjectiveやofやtheやplanやwas╇やhowever╇やtoやestablishやaやmodernやcityやcentre╆やForやthisやpurpose╇やinformalやcommercialやbuildingやwasやnoやlongerやpossibleやandや

Figure 4a.やQatarやUniversityやcampus╈やoriginalやmasterやplanやincorporatedやasやpartやofやtheやdevelopmentやofやnorthやDistrictやofやDoha╆やSource╈やQatarやUniversity‒sやBusinessやOperationsやDepartment╆や

Figure 4b.やMainやadministrationやbuildingやofやQatarやUniversity╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

Figure 4c.やAやtypicalやeducationalやcluster╇やQatarやUniversity╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn44 METU JFA 2012/2

traditionalやbuildingsやwereやreplacedやinやorderやtoやmakeやspaceやforやaccessやroadsやandやmultiまstoreyやdevelopments╆や

WhileやLlewelynやDavisやcontinuedやhisやplanningやeTortsやregardingやtheやcityやcentreやuntilやｱｹｷｷ╇やtheやAmericanやplanningやconsultancyやWilliamやL╆やPereiraやAssociatesやwasやcommissionedやinやｱｹｷｵやtoやdevelopやinやparallelやaやnewやmasterplanやforやanやextensionやareaやinやtheやnorth╇やknownやasやnorthやDistrictやofやDohaや〉nDOD《やorやWestやBayや〉Adham╇やｲｰｰｸ╇やｲｳｳ《╆やTheやplanやincludedやtheやdevelopmentやofやQatarやUniversityやandやhousingやforやitsやstaTやasやwellやasやresidential districts toward inland (Figure 4a, 4b, 4c《╆やWithやregardやtoやcoastalやdevelopmentやatやtheやnorthernやendやofやtheやCorniche╇やitやproposedやaやlargeやhotelやdevelopmentやforやconferences╇やaやdiplomaticやandやministriesやareaやandやaやnewやbusinessやdistrictやsurroundedやbyやaやlargeやparkや〉naqy╇やｲｰｰｰ╇やｱｳｷ《╆やWhileやtheやhotelやdevelopmentやandやseveralやembassiesやwereやcompletedやduringやtheやbeginningやofやtheやｱｹｸｰs╇やtheやcommercialやcentresやremainedやtoやaやlargeやextentやunまbuiltやdueやtoやtheやfocusやofやcommercialやactivitiesやinやandやaroundやtheやcityやcentre╆やAtやtheやsameやtimeやasやtheやnDODやwasやinitiallyやbeingやdevelopedやinやtheやearlyやｱｹｸｰs╇やconsultantsやwereやengagedやtoやreviewやandやadjustやtheやzoningやplanやforやexistingやurbanやareasやinやorderやtoやaccommodateやtheやunexpectedやpopulationやgrowthやandやimproveやtheやbuiltやenvironmentやinやtheやcityやcentre╆やInやｱｹｸｵやtheやLebaneseやcompany╇やDarやAlやHandasehやConsultants╇やwasやassignedやtoやconductやdetailedやsurveysやofやDoha‒sやcityやcentreやandやtoやcreateやaやlistやofやpossibleやinterventionsやtoやincreaseやurbanやqualitiesや〉DarやAlやHandaseh╇やｱｹｸｶ《╆やHowever╇やtheやmajorityやofやtheseやplansやhadやaやminorやeTectやonやtheやactualやurbanやdevelopment╆

Whileやinやtheやtransitionやperiodやduringやtheやｱｹｵｰsやandやｱｹｶｰsやoldやtraditionalやstructuresやwereやgraduallyやreplacedやbyやaやratherやuncoordinatedやprocessやofやmodernisation╇やtheやimplementationやofやaやRrstやmasterplanやandやtheやcityやextensionやviaやlandやreclamationやwereやdecisiveやstepsやinやDoha‒sやmodernやurbanisation╇やcarriedやoutやbyやaやnewlyやestablishedやpublicやadministrationやduringやtheやｱｹｷｰs╆やSubsequently╇やtheやpopulationやofやDoha‒sやmetropolitanやareaやgrewやfromやｸｹ╇ｰｰｰやinhabitantsやinやｱｹｷｰやtoやoverやｴｳｴ╇ｰｰｰやinやｱｹｹｷ╆やInやadditionやtoやthisやrapidやgrowth╇やlandやpoliciesやandやrealまestateやspeculationやcausedやtheやtotalやurbanやareaやtoやincreaseやexponentiallyやfromやaroundやjustやｱｳｰやhectaresやinやtheやmiddleやofやtheやｲｰthやcenturyやtoやoverやｷ╇ｱｰｰやhectaresやinやｱｹｹｵや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｴｰｷ《╆やTheやurbanやsprawlやduringやtheやoilやboomやledやtoやaやscameredやurbanやlandscapeやwithやlowやdensities╇やcausedやbyやtheやprevalenceやofやsuburbanやtypologiesやandやaやlargeやpercentageやofやunまbuiltやlandやdueやtoやspeculationや〉MMAA╇やｱｹｹｷ《╆やWhileやtheやtwoまstoreyやhousingやareasやinやtheやoutskirtsやbecameやtheやresidenceやofやQatarisやasやwellやasやhighまincomeやguestやworkers╇やtheやcentralやareasやbecameやtheやresidenceやofやforeignやlabour╆やThisやledやtoやaやreductionやinやinvestmentsやandやsubsequentlyやtoやdeteriorationやinやurbanやqualitiesやinやDoha‒sやcentre╇やwhichやbecameやtoやaやlargeやextentやaやmonotonousやagglomerationやofやmultiまstoreyやapartmentやandやoUceやblocksやasやwellやasやlowまriseやcommercialやbuildings╆や

Atやtheやsameやtimeやthatやmanyやareasやwithinやtheやcityやcentreやwereやdeteriorating╇やDafnah╇やwhichやstretchesやalongやtheやCorniche╇やbecameやtheやnewやfocalやpointやofやinvestment╇やwithやgovernmentやbuildingsやbeingやerectedやthereやasやmodernやlandmarksやandやDoha‒sやRrstやpublicやspacesやcreatedやinやtheやformやofやaやparkやandやpromenade╆やInやｱｹｶｹやGovernmentやHouseやwasやbuiltやonやreclaimedやlandやinやtheやeastやofやtheやmarketやarea╇やfollowedやbyやQatarやnationalやBankやandやtheやMinistryやofやForeignやATairs╆やTheやmostやsigniRcantやlandmarkやofやthatやtimeやwasやDiwanやAlやAmiri╇やcompletedやinやｱｹｷｲ╇やwhichやreplacedやGovernmentやHouseやasやtheやoUcialやseatやofやtheやemirやandやhisやgovernment╆やTheやDiwanやwasやconstructedや

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 45

inやaやprominentやlocationやatやtheやpointやwhereやtheやCornicheやbeginsやandやtheやoldやcentreやinやtheやwestやends╆やToやitsやwestやtheやGrandやMosqueやandやtheやClockやTowerやwereやbuiltやtoやcompleteやaやmodernやarchitecturalやensembleやintendedやtoやrepresentやQatar‒sやindependenceやasやwellやasやindicateやaやclearやcutやwithやDoha‒sやhistoricやstyleやofやbuilding╆やInやｱｹｸｳやaやhotelやandやconferenceやcentreやwasやdevelopedやatやtheやnorthernやendやofやtheやCornicheやasやanやadditionalやlandmarkやandやpioneeringやprojectやofやtheやnDODやdevelopment╆やTheやｱｵまstoreyやhotelやwithやitsやpyramidやshapeやintroducedやaやnewやstandardやofやmodernやarchitectureやin Doha (Figure 5《╆やTogetherやwithやtheやAlやJaidahやoUceやtowerやitやwasやtheやtallestやbuildingやstructureやinやDohaやuntilやtheやｱｹｹｰsや〉Adham╇やｲｰｰｸ╇やｲｳｰ《やandやotherやstateやpublicやbuildingsやwereやintroducedや〉Figure 6《╆

Doha‒sやtransformationやfromやanや】absoluteやspace‒やtoやanや】abstractやspace‒やwasやsuddenやandやasやprecipitousやasやtheやoilやboomやthatやinstigatedやit╆やTheや

Figure 5.やDohaやSheratonやhotelやintroducedやaやnewやstandardやofやmodernやarchitectureやinやtheやcityやwhileやgeneratingやurbanやspacesやalongやtheやwaterfront╆やSource╈やAbeerやHasanin╆

Figure 6.やQatar‒sやPostやOUce╉やanやexampleやofやstateやpublicやbuildingsやintroducedやinやtheやｱｹｸｰs╆やSource╈やAbeerやHasanin╆

Figure 7.やTheやsemlementやareasやinやｱｹｷｱやandやｱｹｸｸ╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn46 METU JFA 2012/2

modernisationやofやtheやcityやwasやrapidlyやandやsimplyやexecutedやbyやimportingやtheやexpertiseやandやlabourやnecessary╆やThisやtransitionやtoやmodernityやwasやreSectedやinやtheやarchitectureやandやurbanやdesignやofやtheやperiod╇やwhichやbrokeやawayやabruptlyやfromやtheやvernacularやtoやprinciplesやimposedやbyやtheやstate╆やThisやcanやbeやseenやbestやinやtheやreplacementやofやtheやtraditionalやneighbourhoodsやofやtheやindigenousやpopulation╇やconsistingやofやcourtyardやhousesやandやwindingやstreets╇やwithやmodernやsuburbanやdwellingsやthatやstoodやonやequallyやsizedやrectangularやplotsやaccessedやbyやanやorthogonalやgridやofやroads╆やTheやWesternやconsultantsやwhoやadvisedやthisやprocessやduringやtheやpostまwarやdecadesやappliedやtheirやWesternやunderstandingやofやmodernやspaceやtoやtheやmodernisationやofやDoha╇やwhichやatやthatやtimeやconsideredやtheやcarやtoやbeやtheやmainやmeansやofやtransport╆やThus╇やDohaやdevelopedやintoやaやcarまbasedやcityやincorporatingやgeometricalやgridsやwithやvariousやroadやhierarchiesやandやspaceやforやroadsやandやparkingやsites╇やwhichやmeantやtheやendやofやhighやdensitiesや〉Figure 7《╆や

Sinceやtheやintroductionやofやcentralisedやgovernanceやandやstateやplanningやerasedやtheやpreviousやpracticeやofやselfまgovernedやneighbourhoodsやtheやextentやofやtheやlocalやinhabitants‒やparticipationやinやurbanやdevelopmentやwasやreduced╆やProtestsやandやresistanceやwere╇やhowever╇やmediatedやbyやtheやintroductionやofやwelfareまstateやmechanismsやandやtheやsubsequentやtremendousやriseやinやlivingやstandards╆やWithinやonlyやthreeやdecadesやtheやindigenousやpopulationやfoundやitselfやinやaやnewやkindやofやcityやthatやenabledやandやpromotedやconsumptionやonやaやscaleやneverやexperiencedやbefore╆やHowever╇やwhileやWesternやconsumptionやindustriesやenteredやDoha‒sやurbanやspace╇やculturalやtraditionsやwereやpreservedやinやsomeやrespects╇やforやexample╇やbyやtheやpracticeやofやerectingやlargeやwallsやaroundやdwellingsやinやorderやtoやprotectやtheやprivacyやofやfamilies╆やTheやbiggestやimpactやofやQatarisやonやtheやurbanやdevelopmentやthoughやwasやtheirやhabitやofやinvestingやinやrealやestateやratherやthanやaccumulatingやwealthやinやbankやaccountsやorやstockやmarkets╇やwhichやledやtoやaやhighやpercentageやofやoverやｵｵゾやvacantやlandやwithinやtheやurbanやareaやinやtheやmidまｱｹｹｰsや〉AlやBuainain╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｴｰｷ《╆

CONFLICTED SPACE: THE INTRODUCTION OF LIBERALISATION STRATEGIES AND THEIR IMPACT ON URBAN STRUCTURES

DueやtoやitsやenormousやwealthやofやoilやandやgasやQatar‒sやdiversiRcationやprocessやbeganやlaterやthanやthatやofやneighbouringやGCCまGulfやCooperationやCouncilやcountries╆やInやadditionやtoやoilやtheやworld‒sやlargestやgasやReldやwasやdiscoveredやinやtheやnorthやofやtheやQatariやPeninsulaやatやtheやbeginningやofやtheやｱｹｷｰs╆やHowever╇やtheやproductionやofやliqueRedやnaturalやgasやcommencedやｲｰやyearsやlaterやinやｱｹｹｱ╇やwhenやrasやLaTanやIndustrialやCityやwasやcompletedや〉Scholz╇やｱｹｹｹ╇やｱｹｴ《╆やAlthoughやtodayやtheやexportやofやoilやandやgasやstillやaccountsやforやoverやｵｰゾやofやGDPやthereやhaveやbeenやincreasingやeTortsやtoやestablishやnewやeconomicやsectorsやsinceやtheやmidまｱｹｹｰs╇やwhichやhaveやhadやaやmajorやimpactやonやurbanやdevelopment╆やTheseやamemptsやwereやmainlyやmadeやpossibleやbyやtheやtransferやofやpowerやtoやemirやHamadやBinやKhalifaやAlやThaniやinやｱｹｹｵ╇やwhoやinitiatedやaやnumberやofやliberalisationやstrategiesやtoやopenやQatarやupやtoやglobalやeconomicやnetworks╆やTheやlaunchやofやAlやJazeeraやasやaやregionalやandやinternationalやnewsやproviderやinやｱｹｹｶやwasやaやreinforcementやofやhisやmotivationやtoやchangeやtheやinternationalやperceptionやofやQatarやfromやthatやofやanやoilまやandやgasまbasedやwelfareやstateやtoやtheやimageやofやaやgrowingやhubやinやtheやGulf╆やLikeやitsやneighbourやtheやemirateやofやDubai╇やQatar‒sやrulershipやsawやitsやbiggestやpotentialやforやeconomicやdiversiRcationやinやitsやfortunateやgeopoliticalやlocation╇やwhichやcouldやbecomeやaやtransportationやandやserviceやhubやbetweenやAsia╇やeuropeやandやAfrica╆やHowever╇やQatar‒sやdecentralisationやandやprivatisationやstrategiesやhaveやneverやreachedやtheやextentやofやDubai‒sやdevelopmentやmodel╆やItsやgovernanceやhasやfocusedやinsteadや

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 47

onやaやnumberやofやkeyやcentralやthemesやasやtheやbasisやforやfutureやdevelopmentやratherやthanやaimingやforやrapidやdiversiRcationやbyやinitiatingやgrowthやinやallやdirectionsや〉Adham╇やｲｰｰｸ╇やｲｴｸ《╆やDuringやtheやlateやｱｹｹｰsやandやparticularlyやduringやtheやRrstやdecadeやofやtheやnewやmillenniumやtheやstructureやofやQatar‒sやgovernanceやwasやmadeやnewやdueやtoやtheやestablishmentやofやstateまownedやandやsemiまprivatisedやinstitutionsやintendedやtoやimplementやtheやliberalisationやstrategy╆やThisやresultedやinやrapidやurbanやgrowthやinやDohaやandやitsやmetropolitanやarea╇やwhichやgrewやfromやaroundやｵｰｰ╇ｰｰｰやinhabitantsやinやtheやlateやｱｹｹｰsやtoやｱ╆ｵやmillionやinやｲｰｱｱや〉KCIC╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆やや

TourismやwasやidentiRedやasやaやcrucialやfactorやinやtheやestablishmentやofやDohaやasやanやemergingやhubやinやorderやtoやdiversifyやtheやeconomyやasやwellやasやbrandやtheやcityやtoやamractやinvestment╆やHence╇やthereやwasやanやearlyやfocusやonやdevelopingやDohaやasやaやculturalやcentreやasやwellやasやonやhostingやinternationalやsportsやeventsや〉QSDP╇やｲｰｱｱ╇やｲｰｲ《╆やTheやsuccessやstoryやofやsportsやeventsやinやQatarやbeganやwithやtheやQatarやOpenやandやwasやfollowedやbyやtheやselectionやofやQatarやtoやhostやtheやｲｰｰｶやAsianやGames╇やwhichやledやtoやtheやdevelopmentやofやtheやｲｵｰまhectareやAspireやZoneや〉Hasanin╇やｲｰｰｷ《や〉Figure 8a, 8b《╆やTheやsoやfarやbiggestやsuccessやofやallやofやQatar‒sやsportsやambitionsやhasやbeenやtheやoUcialやbidやforやtheやｲｰｲｲやWorldやCup╇やwhichやwasやgrantedやinやｲｰｱｰ╆やToday╇やQatarやisやanやoUcialやbiddingやnationやforやtheやｲｰｲｰやSummerやOlympicsやandやitsやalreadyやexistingやracetrackやisやgoingやtoやbeやextendedやinやorderやtoやamractやFormulaやOne╆やInやorderやtoやhostやtheやAsianやGamesやmanyやnewやhotelやdevelopmentsやwereやlaunched╇やparticularlyやalongやtheやcoast╇や

Figure 8a.やAspireやZone╇やaやnewやsportやcityやbuiltやonやtheやperipheriesやofやDoha╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

Figure 8b.やAspireやZone‒sやKhalifaやStadiumやintroducedやtoやpromoteやtheやcityやasやaやhubやforやsportやevents╆やSource╈やAbeerやHasanin╆

Figure 9 a, 9b.やSouqやWaqif╇やaやreconstructedやtraditionalやmarketやthatやintroducedやaやnewやurbanやlifeやinやtheやdeterioratedやurbanやcoreやwhileやrecallingやtheやtraditionalやurbanやfabricやofやDohaやandやpromotingやtheやcityやasやhubやforやtourism╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn48 METU JFA 2012/2

whichやwasやfollowedやbyやseveralやinitiativesやtoやrevitaliseやDohaやforやvisitors╆やDespiteやtheやfactやthatやDoha‒sやhistoricやsemlementやwasやentirelyやreplacedやduringやtheやmodernisationやperiod╇やtheやcountry‒sやrulersやdecidedやtoやestablishやtheやcapitalやasやaやculturalやcentreやinやorderやtoやextendやtourismやbeyondやsportsやevents╆やSubsequently╇やtheやSouqやWaqifやwasやrebuiltやatやitsやoriginalやlocationやusingやtraditionalやmaterialsやandやtechniquesやfromやｲｰｰｴやtoやｲｰｰｸや〉Figure 9a, 9b《╆やOtherやculturalやprojectsやareやtheやIslamicやMuseumやofやArt╇やwhichやwasやcompletedやonやreclaimedやlandやatやtheやoldやportやinやｲｰｰｸや〉Figure 10《╇やandやtheやCulturalやVillage╇やalsoやknownやasやKatara╇やonやtheやnorthernやcoastやofやtheやcityや(Figure 11a, 11b, 11c《╆やAllやtheseやdevelopmentsやfollowやtheやobjectiveやtoやamractやstopまoverやtouristsやonやintercontinentalやSights╆やThisやisやexpectedやtoやincreaseやafterやtheやcompletionやofやtheやnewやairportやproject╇やwhoseやenormousやcapacityやofやｵｰやmillionやpassengersやbyやｲｰｲｰやisやtheやbasisやforやtheやcurrentやstrategyやtoやestablishやDohaやasやanやinternationalやhubや〉The Edge╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆

Figure 11b, 11 c.やDiTerentやviewsやofやKataraまCulturalやVillageやdevelopedやtoやfosterやtheやvisionやofやDohaやasやaやculturalやhub╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

Figure 10.やMIAまMuseumやofやIslamicやArts╇やdesignedやbyやI╆M╆PeiやbuiltやonやaやreclaimedやlandやatやtheやoldやportやofやDoha╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

Figure 11a.やKataraまCulturalやVillageやdevevlopedやonやtheやnorthernやcoastalやperipheryやofやtheやcityやtoやpromoteやculturalやactivities╆やSource╈やwww╆katara╆net╆

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 49

WhileやtheやtourismやindustryやwasやtheやRrstやnewやoilまindependentやeconomyやtoやbeやestablishedやinやQatar╇やthereやhaveやbeenやparallelやamemptsやtoやdevelopやDohaやintoやaやcentreやofやknowledgeやeconomiesやinやtheやregion╆やThisやstrategyやisやseenやasやaやlongまtermやplanやandやitsやmostやprominentやdriverやisやtheやQatarやFoundation╇やwhichやwasやfoundedやinやｱｹｹｵやasやaやnonまproRtやorganisationやtoやdevelopやaやbasisやforやnewやeconomiesやbyやfocusingやonやthreeやpillars╇やnamely╇やeducation╇やscienceやandやcommunityやdevelopment╆やItsやRrstやprojectやwasやeducationやCity╇やtheやdevelopmentやofやwhichやwasやlaunchedやonやanやareaやofやｲ╇ｵｰｰやacresやinやtheやnorthwestやofやtheやcityやinやtheやlateやｱｹｹｰs╆やTheやmasterやplanやcontainsやeducationalやfacilitiesやasやwellやasやresidentialやprojectsやandやitやisやexpectedやthatやapproximatelyやｱｰｰ╇ｰｰｰやpeopleやwillやreside╇やstudyやorやworkやthere╆やToday╇やitやisやmainlyやanやagglomerationやofやeducationalやandやadministrativeやbuildingsやthatやcurrentlyやhouseやRveやrenownedやAmericanやuniversitiesや〉Figやｱｲa╇やｱｲb╇やｱｲc《╆やScienceやandやresearchやareやpromotedやbyやitsやsubsidiaries╇やtheやQatarやnationalやresearchやFundやandやtheやQatarやTechnologyやandやScienceやPark╇やwhoseやtaxまfreeやenvironmentやhasやamractedやglobalやcorporationsやsuchやasやeADS╇やGeやandやMicrosoft╆やTheやcommunityやdevelopmentやaspectやisやbeingやimplementedやinやtheやformやofやsocialやinitiativesやtoやprotectやQatar‒sやcultureやandやheritage╆やTheやmostやprominentやexampleやofやtheseやisやtheやMsheirebやproject╇やaやｳｵまhectareやmixedまuseやdevelopmentやinやtheやsouthやofやSouqやWaqif╇やwhichやisやintendedやtoやbeやaやshowcaseやexampleやofやmodernやIslamicやarchitectureや〉Msheireb╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆

WhileやtheやQatarやFoundationやwasやestablishedやforやtheやpurposeやofやinvestingやoilやandやgasやrevenuesやinやtheやdevelopmentやofやknowledgeやeconomies╇やtheやQatarやInvestmentやAuthorityやwasやfoundedやinやｲｰｰｵやforやtheやpurposeやofや

Figure 12b.やCarnegieやMellonやUniversityまQatar╆

Figure12c. TexasやA╄MやUniversity╇やQatar

TheやtwoやbuildingsやwereやdesignedやbyやLegoremaやandやLegorema╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

Figure 12a. educationやCityやMasterやPlan╈やSource╈やQFやCapitalやProjects╆ややややややややややややややややや

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn50 METU JFA 2012/2

investingやoilやandやgasやsurplusesやinやinternationalやmarketsやasやwellやasやinやlocalやsectorsやsuchやasやtheやupcomingやrealまestateやmarket╆やTheやrealまestateやboomやinやQatarやbeganやinやｲｰｰｴやwhenやtheやForeignやOwnershipやofやrealやestateやLawやwasやapproved╇やwhichやpermimedやtheやdevelopmentやofやfreeholdやpropertiesやforやinternationalやinvestorsやinやdesignatedやareas╆やHowever╇やtheやownershipやofやrealまestateやbyやforeignersやisやrestrictedやtoやrenewableやleasingやcontractsやofやｹｹやyearsや〉Colliers International╇やｲｰｰｸ╇やｱ《╆やInやorderやtoやaccommodateやtheやincreasingやinterestやinやinvestmentやinやrealやestate╇やtheやQIAやwasやputやinやchargeやofやtheやQatariやDiarやrealやestateやInvestmentやCompany╇やwhichやwasやfoundedやinやｲｰｰｴやasやaやstateまowned╇やproRtまorientedやdeveloperやandやisやresponsibleやforやrealまestateやprojectsやinやQatarやandやabroad╆やItやisやcurrentlyやinやchargeやofやtheやDohaやexhibitionやCentre╇やtheやQatarやrailwaysやProjectやandやaやmixedまuseやprojectやinやrasやAlやKhorやinやadditionやtoやitsやsignatureやprojectやむやtheやLusailやCityやdevelopment╆やLusailやCityやisやbeingやdevelopedやonやanやareaやofやｳｷやsqやkmやinやtheやnorthやofやDohaやandやitやisやexpectedやtoやbecomeやhomeやtoやｱｹｰ╇ｰｰｰやresidentsやwithやworkingやplacesやforやｱｷｰ╇ｰｰｰやasやwellやasやtoやhostやｹｰ╇ｰｰｰやadditionalやvisitorsやafterやitsやcompletionやbyやｲｰｲｵや〉QatariやDiar╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆やInやadditionやtoやQatariやDiar‒sやfunctionやofやfoundingやsubsidiariesやsuchやasやLreDCやtoやcarryやoutやprojectsやasやmasterやdeveloper╇やitやholdsやｴｵゾやofやsharesやinやBarwa╇やtheやlargestやlistedやrealまestateやcompanyやinやQatarや〉Barwa╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆や

AnotherやimportantやprivateやshareholdingやcompanyやwithinやQatar‒sやexpandingやrealまestateやmarketやisやtheやUnitedやDevelopmentやCompanyや〉UDC《╇やｷｵゾやofやtheやsharesやofやwhichやareやcurrentlyやownedやbyやQatariやinvestors╆やItsやsignatureやprojectやisやaやｴやmillionまsqやmやreclaimedやislandやinやtheやsouthやofやtheやLusailやdevelopment╇やknownやasやtheやPearlやQatar╆やThisやdevelopmentやisやdesignedやinやanやiconicやshapeやwithやtwoやcircularやmarinasやandやitsやlotやareaやisやmainlyやoccupiedやbyやresidentialやprojectsやoTeringやunitsやinやvariousやtypologiesやforやanやexpectedやfutureやpopulationやofやｴｱ╇ｰｰｰやinhabitantsや〉UDC╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆やAやfurtherやlargeまscaleやresidentialやdevelopmentやisやtheやｱ╆ｲｵまやsq╆やkmやWaabやCityやprojectやinやtheやsouthまwestやofやDoha╇やwhichやisやbeingやcarriedやoutやbyやaやgroupやofやQatariやinvestorsやandやwillやoTerやaroundやｲ╇ｲｰｰやhousingやunitsやbyやｲｰｱｴや〉AlやWaabやcity╇やｲｰｱｱ《や〉Figure 13《╆や

Figure 13.やMegaまprojectsやandやmainやdevelopmentsやinやcontemporaryやDoha╆やSource╈やAuthors╆やややややや

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 51

Theやprecedingやprojectsやhaveやcommonalities╉やtheyやareやbasedやonやcaseまbyまcaseやdecisionまmakingやandやareやthusやnotやinやaccordanceやwithやtheやexistingやmasterやplan╇やknownやasやtheやPhysicalやDevelopmentやPlanや〉PDP《╆やTheややPDPやwasやpreparedやbyやtheやPhysicalやPlanningやDepartmentやofやtheやMMAAやinやcooperationやwithやtheやAmericanやconsultanciesやLouisやBergerやInternationalやInc╆やandやHOKまHelmuth╇やObataや╄やKassabaumやInc╆やinやorderやtoやguideやDoha‒sやdevelopmentやupやtoやｲｰｲｰや〉LouisやBergerやInternational╇やHelmuth╇やObataやandやKassabaum╇やｱｹｹｷ《╆やAfterやitsやimplementationやinやｱｹｹｷやitやwasやutilizedやasやtheやbasisやforやregularやzoningやplansやbutやitやhasやhadやaやratherやlimitedやimpactやonやtheやrecentやprojectsやofやmasterやdevelopers╇やwhoやhaveやbeenやinやchargeやofやdesigningやtheirやownやplans╇やleadingやtoやaやcertainやdegreeやofやdecentralisationやwithinやurbanやgovernance╆やMoreover╇やexistingやzoningやplansやandやregulations╇やparticularlyやinやtheやcaseやofやtheやDiplomaticやDistrictやinやtheやnorthやofやtheやCorniche╇やhaveやbeenやmodiRedやandやadjustedやtoやsuitやinvestors‒やneedsや〉3《╆やTheやDiplomaticやDistrict‒sやprominentやwaterfrontやlocationやandやitsやdesignationやforやcommercialやlandやuseやmadeやitやamractiveやforやtheやdevelopmentやofやhighまrises╆やDuringやaやperiodやofやlessやthanやｱｰやyearsやmoreやthanやｵｰやhighまriseやprojects╇やofやwhichやｱｸやhaveやaやheightやofやoverやｱｵｰやmetres╇やhaveやbeenやbuilt╇やshapingやtheや

Figure 14b.やWestやBayやwaterやfrontやhighまriseやtowersやdesignedやbyやinternationalやarchitecturalやRrms╇やintroducedやasやaやreactionやtoやtheやglobalやconditionやwhileやpromotingやtheやcityやasやanやinternationalやserviceやhub╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

Figure 14a.TheやemergingやskylineやofやDoha╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

3.やThisやwasやbasedやonやaやnumberやofやcompetitionsやandやconsultingやstudies╆やOneやofやtheやimportantやstudiesやwasやtheやDesignやBriefやforやDohaやCornicheやdevelopedやbyやInnOCenTやinやcollaborationやwithやtheやAgaやKhanやTrustやforやCulture╆やTheやdocumentやhasやintroducedやanやinvestigationやintoやtheやevolutionやofやurbanやformやwhileやemphasizingやtheやcity‒sやinterfaceやwithやtheやBay╆ややItやisやnoted that in this study the Corniche was decomposedやintoやaやnumberやofやzonesやthatやreSectやtheやuniqueやimportanceやofやeachやareaやsoやthatやdiTerentやprojectsやcanやbeやdevelopedやinやaやuniqueやmanner╆や

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn52 METU JFA 2012/2

newやskylineやandやwaterfrontやofやcontemporaryやDohaや〉Figure 14a, 14b《╆やSinceやｲｰｰｱやCityやCentre╇やoneやofやDoha‒sやlargestやshoppingやmallsやhasやconstitutedやtheやretailやheartやofやtheやDiplomaticやDistrict╇やwhichやdespiteやitsやonまgoingやdevelopmentやandやhighやrateやofやvacanciesやisやalreadyやbeingやperceivedやasやtheやnewやbusinessやcentreやofやDoha╆やややや

Figure 15.やDoha‒sやsemlementやexpansionやfromやｱｹｴｷやtoやｲｰｰｷ╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

Figure 16.やSuburbanやhousingやareaやinやtheやWestやBayやillustratingやtheやsevereやlackやofやpublicやspace╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 53

TheやdevelopmentやtowardやtheやnorthやandやtheやfocusやofやinvestmentやonやtheやwaterfrontやhasやsigniRcantlyやchangedやDoha‒sやurbanやstructureや〉Figure 15《╆やWhileやtheやurbanisationやperiodやduringやtheやoilやboomやledやtoやaやsprawlやofやsuburbanやsemlementsやaroundやaやmixedまuseやcentre╇やtheやmoreやrecentやgrowthやandやdiversiRcationやstrategiesやhaveやledやtoやaやphenomenonやofや｠citiesやwithinやaやcityをやdevelopmentsやandやaやpredominantやemphasisやonやwaterfrontやprojects╆やAlthoughやtheやnDODやprojectやwasやbegunやinやtheやｱｹｸｰs╇やtheやmajorやurbanやgrowthやtoやtheやnorthやhasやbeenやtakingやplaceやoverやtheやlastやｲｰやyears╆やPublicやinvestmentやinやeducationやCityやandやAspireやZoneやwasやtheやmainやfactorやinやtheやemergenceやofやdevelopmentsやinやtheやwestやofやDohaやsuchやasやAlやWaabやCity╆やMostやprivateやsectorやdevelopmentsやhoweverやhaveやfocusedやonやresidentialやdevelopmentsやalongやtheやnorthernやcoast╇やforやexample╇やWestやBayやLagoon╇やorやonやdevelopmentsやwithinやtheやDiplomaticやDistrict╆やHighやlandやpricesやalongやtheやcoastやhaveやledやtoやtheやdevelopmentやofやexclusiveやhighまriseやpropertiesやandやthusやhighやrentalやcosts╆やSubsequently╇やtheやoUceやmarketやwithinやtheやDiplomaticやDistrictやhasやgraduallyやlostやpaceやandやinvestmentやhasやturnedやitsやfocusやtoやresidentialやhighまriseやdevelopments╆やInやparallel╇やoUceやdevelopmentsやhaveやmovedやtoやAlやSaddやdistrictやatやtheやperipheryやofやtheやoldやcentre╇やwhichやhasやbeneRtedやfromやtheやfortunateやaccessibilityやprovidedやbyやtheやnewやDohaやexpressway╆やInやgeneralやitやcanやbeやstatedやthatやdevelopmentsやhaveやfollowedやtheやincentivesやofやtheやprivateやsectorやratherやthanやanyやphysicalやplan╇やwhichやhasやledやtoやnewやagglomerationsやwithやaやratherやlowやlevelやofやintegratedやservices╇やcausingやincreasingやdistancesやandやthusやdailyやtraUcやcongestions╆やDoha‒sやcontemporaryやurbanやstructureやcanやbeやbestやdescribedやasやfragmentedやwithoutやaやclearlyやdeRnedやstructureやofやcentresやandやsubやcentres╆や

InやadditionやtoやtheやtransformingやurbanやstructureやtheやnewやeconomicやstrategiesやhaveやhadやaやsigniRcantやimpactやonやDoha‒sやbuiltやenvironmentやandやarchitecture╇やwhichやpreviouslyやconstitutedやaやlowやnumberやofやtypologiesやandやlandmarks╆やTheやintroductionやofやexclusiveやapartmentやbuildingsやforやupperまincomeやgroupsやasやwellやasやhighまriseやagglomerationsやwithやunprecedentedやbuiltやdensitiesやhaveやbecomeやnewやelementsやofやDoha‒sやurbanやlandscape╆やThreeやlargeやshoppingやmallやcomplexesやprovidedやnewやretailやcentresやandやleisureやspaceやfollowedやbyやDoha‒sやRrstやbeachやresortsやandやaやmarinaやpromenade╆やDoha‒sやarchitectureやhasやdevelopedやfromやfunctionalやmodernityやandやmonumentsやrepresentativeやofやtheやstateやsuchやasやpalacesやandやroundaboutやsculpturesやtoやaやmoreやpluralisticやandやpostまmodernやdesignやrepresentingやtheやspaceやofやleisureやandやconsumptionやasやwellやasやglobalやambitions╆やWhileやarchitecturalやhighlightsやsuchやasやtheやMuseumやofやIslamicやArtやorやtheやeducationやCityやConventionやCentreやhaveやbeenやdesignedやusingやstateまofまtheまartやtechniques╇やtheやmajorityやofやresidentialやbuildingsやareやusuallyやconstructedやwithやratherやlowまqualitiesやandやcatalogueやarchitecture╆やTypically╇やtheやexpatriateやcommunityやliveやinやgatedやcommunities╇やwhileやmonotonousやsuburbanやhousingやisやcharacterizedやbyやbyやsuperRcialやornamentsやbehindやtallやwalls╇やresultingやinやaやsevereやlackやofやaやsenseやofやcommunityやandやtheやdesertedやurbanやenvironmentや〉Figure 16《╆や

Doha‒sやcurrentやstageやofやurbanやspaceやevolutionやisやaやproductやofやmanyやcoincidingやfactors╆やFirstly╇やtheやchangeやinやregencyやthatやledやtoやtheやintroductionやofやaやnewやvisionやforやDoha‒sやfutureやasやanやemergingやinternationalやhub╆やSecondly╇やtheやsubsequentやliberalisationやandやdecentralisationやprocessやinやorderやtoやaccelerateやurbanやgrowth╆やAndやlastやbutやnotやleast╇やlargeやpublicやinvestmentsやofやoilやandやgasやrevenuesやintoやinfrastructuralやdevelopmentsやasやwellやasやnewやcityやdevelopments╇やcarriedやoutやbyやstateまownedやinstitutionsやandやtheirやvariousやpublicまprivateやpartnerships╆やTheやresultやhasやbeenやtheやbiggestやconstructionやboomやinやDoha‒sやhistoryやdrivenやbyやlocal╇やregionalやandや

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn54 METU JFA 2012/2

internationalやinvestorsやmotivatedやbyやfastやreturns╆やConsequently╇やglobalやcompaniesやandやbanksやbeganやtoやrelocateやtoやDohaやinやorderやtoやbeneRtやfromやtheやexpandingやrealまestateやmarket╆や

WhileやDohaやhasやgrownやtremendouslyやbothやverticallyやandやhorizontally╇やtheやdevelopmentやofやtechnicalやandやsocialやinfrastructureやcouldやoftenやnotやkeepやupやinやspeedやandやsize╆やDespiteやtheやmarketingやofやnewやprojectsやasやselfまcontainedや】citiesやwithinやtheやcity‒やbasicやservicesやhaveやoftenやnotやbeenやintegratedやdueやtoやaやlackやofやregulations╆やThisやabsenceやofやintegrativeやdevelopmentやisやwhatやisやmainlyやresponsibleやforやtoday‒sやincreasingやtraUcやcongestions╇やwhichやareやexacerbatedやbyやtheやnonまexistenceやofやpublicやtransport╆やInやaddition╇やhighやlandやpricesやhaveやcausedやlivingやcostsやtoやriseやandやaやlackやofやintegratedやpublicやamenitiesやwithinやurbanやareas╆やWhileやtheやCornicheやandやsmallやparksやinやDoha‒sやcentreやhaveやbecomeやtheやlastやremainingやpublicやspacesやinやtermsやofやaやtraditionalやdeRnition╇やmostやspacesやwithinやnewやdevelopmentsやhaveやbeenやgatedやandやbranded╆やMoreover╇やtheやonまgoingやsocialやsegregationやisやexpressedやinやvariousやformsやandやmostやevidentlyやinやtheやdistributionやofやurbanやdensities╆やWhileやlowまriseやsuburbsやandやnewやdevelopmentやareasやalongやtheやcoastやhaveやtheやlowestやdensities╇やtheやdensitiesやinやtheやcityやcentreやandやitsやperipheryやhaveやrapidlyやincreasedやdueやtoやtheやimmigrationやofやAsianやlabourやworkingやinやlowerやserviceやsectors╆やTheやmissingやconsolidationやwithinやallやtheやlayersやofやDoha‒sやurbanやdevelopmentやhasやledやtoやaやconSictedやspaceやrepresentingやtheやstruggleやbetweenやquantityやandやquality╆やや

DIFFERENTIAL SPACE: CHALLENGES FACING THE FUTURE OF DOHA�S URBANISM

AccordingやtoやLefèbvre╇や】abstractやspace‒╇やwhichやisやmainlyやaやproductやofやdecisionまmakers╇やwillやinevitablyやleadやtoやconSictやdueやtoやitsやinabilityやtoやintegrateやtheやcomplexやneedsやofやaやsocietyや〉Lefèbvre╇やｱｹｹｱ《╆やThus╇やtheやsustainabilityやofやaやcityやisやdependentやonやtheやparticipationやofやaやsocietyやthatやappropriatesやitsやownsやspaceやinやaccordanceやwithやitsやrequirementsやandやneeds╆やInやtheやcityやofやDohaやtheやsocietyやisやstillやemergingやandやtheやuncertaintyやofやitsやfutureやstructureやhasやcomplicatedやtheやprocessやofやplanningやtheやcityやinやaやcoherentやmanner╇やwhichやdependsやtoやaやlargeやextentやonやaやclearやvisionやofやwhoやwillやliveやinやtheやnewlyやcreatedやurbanやenvironment╆や

GlobalやandやregionalやpressureやonやurbanやgrowthやhasやlimitedやtheやtimeやavailableやtoやexploreやandやdiscussやDoha‒sやfutureやsociety╇やwhichやcontinuesやtoやremainやvagueやalthoughやitやisやundergoingやaやperiodやofやextraordinaryやexpansion╆やCurrentやdevelopmentsやareやbasedやonやimmigrantsやwithやtemporaryやengagementsやamractedやbyやrelativelyやhighやsalariesやandやaやgenerallyやtaxまfreeやenvironment╆やAroundやｹｰゾやofやDoha‒sやcurrentやpopulationやisやforeign╇やwhichやhasやaやsigniRcantやeTectやonやtheやurbanやspaceやandやitsやqualitiesや〉naqy╇やｲｰｰｶ╇やｱｲｶ《╆やMostやofやtheseやforeignersやareやnotやinvestedやinやonやtheやlongまtermやandやareやthusやfrequentlyやexchanged╆やConcomitantly╇やmostやresidencesやareやrentedやbyやcompaniesやratherやthanやbyやemployees╇やwhoseやpreferencesやregardingやhousingやtypesやandやwaysやofやlivingやareやhardlyやtakenやintoやaccount╆やDueやtoやhighやrentalやprices╇やmanyやexclusiveやdevelopmentsやhaveやremainedやvacantやandやtheやquestionやofやwhoやwillやbeやtheirやresidentsやinやtheやfutureやremainsやunanswered╆やInやtheやcaseやofやlabourやhousing╇やthereやisやaやcurrentやtendencyやtoやrelocateやtheseやfromやcentralやareasやtoやdormitoryやsemlementsやinやtheやoutskirts╆やTheやbiggestやexampleやtoやdateやisやBarwa‒sやinitiativeやtoやdevelopやBarwaやAlやBaraha╇やalsoやknownやasやWorkersゎやCity╇やwhichやisやexpectedやtoやhouseやｵｰ╇ｰｰｰやlabourersやonやanやareaやofやｱ╆ｸやsq╆やkmやatやDohaゎsやindustrialやareaや〉Barwa╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆や

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 55

TheやcurrentやamemptやtoやdevelopやknowledgeやeconomiesやasやaやfutureやeconomicやbasisやnecessitatesやtheやemergenceやofやaやknowledgeやcommunityやthatやisやcapableやofやdrivingやtheseやnewやsectorsやandやthatやisやamractedやtoやstayやnotやonlyやbecauseやofやhighやwagesやbutやbecauseやofやaやpersonalやlongまtermやcommitmentやtoやDohaやasやitsやchoiceやofやlivingやandやworking╆やThus╇やtheやneedsやofやmediumまincomeやgroupsやwillやhaveやtoやgainやmoreやimpactやonやspatialやdevelopments╆やTwoやaspectsやthatやareやfrequentlyやunderestimatedやwithinやdevelopingやknowledgeやeconomiesやareやtheやroleやofやgeneralやurbanやqualitiesやandやaやfreeやchoiceやregardingやtransportやandやhousing╆やWhileやDohaやoTersやaやstateまofまtheまartやwaterfront╇やitsやurbanやstructureやlacksやintegrationやofやpublicやservicesやandやamenities╆やInやaddition╇やtheやroadやspacesやinやmostやcentralやandやresidentialやareasやareやpoorやinやappearanceやandやunderlineやtheやperceptionやofやDohaやasやaやfragmentedやcity╆や

Despiteやtheやintroductionやofやnewやresidentialやtypologies╇やtheやchoiceやofやhousingやforやemployeesやisやcurrentlyやratherやlimitedやdueやtoやtheやpreferenceやofやmanyやemployersやtoやsignやlongまtermやrentalやcontractsやwithやlandlordsやforやtheirやstaT╆やFurthermore╇やrentalやcostsやinやcertainやdevelopmentsやhaveやexceededやtheやlimitやthatやevenやmediumまやtoやhighまincomeやgroupsやcanやaTordやorやareやwillingやtoやpay╆や

OneやfurtherやchallengeやofやDoha‒sやgovernanceやregardingやitsやdiversiRcationやstrategyやisやtheやintegrationやofやtheやlocalやpopulationやwithinやtheやrapidlyやexpandingやpublicやandやprivateやsectors╆やTheやRrstやinitiativeやwasやtheやsoまcalledや】StrategicやQatarizationやPlan‒やinやｲｰｰｰ╇やwhichやseeksやtoやincreaseやtheやnumberやofやQatariやnationalsやinやpublicやinstitutionsやasやwellやasやjointやventuresやinやtheやenergyやandやindustrialやsectorsや〉StrategicやQatarizationやPlan╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆やTheやproactiveやintegrationやofやtheやlocalやpopulationやwithinやtheやnewやeconomicやdevelopmentやisやalsoやpartやofやtheや】QatarやnationalやVisionやｲｰｳｰ‒や〉QnV《╇やwhichやwasやapprovedやinやｲｰｰｸや〉QSDP╇やｲｰｰｹ《やandやisやbeingやimplementedやinやtheやformやofやaやRveまyearやplanやknownやasやtheや】QatarやnationalやDevelopmentやStrategy‒や〉ｲｰｱｱまｲｰｱｶ《╆や

TheやQnVやwasやpreparedやunderやtheやsupervisionやofやtheやGeneralやSecretariatやforやDevelopmentやPlanningやbyやvariousやministries╆やItやisやbasedやonやfourやpillars╇やnamelyやhumanやdevelopment╇やsocialやdevelopment╇やeconomicやdevelopmentやandやenvironmentalやdevelopmentや〉QSDP╇やｲｰｱｱ《╆やWhileやtheやhumanやdevelopmentやstrategyやfocusesやonやtheやparticularやneedsやofやQatar‒sやnationalやpopulationやsuchやasやeducation╇やhealthやandやeconomicやparticipation╇やtheやsocialやdevelopmentやsectionやisやconcernedやwithやtheやestablishmentやofやcohesivenessやandやconsolidationやwithinやtheやentireやsociety╆やTheやMinistryやofやenvironmentやhasやbeenやinやchargeやofやdevelopingやtheやenvironmentやdevelopmentやstrategyやandやfourやministriesやinやcooperationやwithやQatarやCentralやBankやhaveやpreparedやtheやmostやextensiveやstrategyやconcerningやeconomicやdevelopment╆やInやaddition╇やtheやMinistryやofやMunicipalitiesやandやUrbanやPlanning╇やwhichやwasやfoundedやafterやaやministerialやrestructuringやprocessやinやｲｰｰｹ╇やhasやbeenやinやchargeやofやpreparingやtheやQatarやnationalやMasterやPlanや〉QnMP《やforやｲｰｳｲ╇やwhichやwasやelaboratedやinやaccordanceやwithやtheやdevelopmentやaimsやofやtheやQnVや〉QatarやConstructionやSites╇やｲｰｱｱ╇やｱｵ《╆や

TheやQnMPやisやexpectedやtoやbeやapprovedやinやｲｰｱｱやandやoneやofやitsやmainやfeaturesやwillやbeやtheやintroductionやofやaやnewやurbanやstructureやforやDohaやbyやdirectingやgrowthやtowardやdecentralisedやcentralisationや〉MMUP╇やｲｰｱｰ《╆やTheやplanやdeRnesやnewやmainやurbanやcentresやasやwellやasやsubまcentres╇やwhichやinやcombinationやwithやtheやfutureやimplementationやofやaやmultiまclassやandやmultiまmodeやtransportationやsystemやwillやformやtheやbackboneやofやtheやfutureやDohaや(Figure 17《╆やBasedやonやtheやexperienceやofやotherやGulfやcountries╇やwhichやhaveやpublishedやintegrativeやmasterやplansやinやrecentやyears╇やtheやmainやchallengeやforやtheやnewやmasterやplanやwillやbeやitsやimplementationやdueやtoやtheやneedやforや

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn56 METU JFA 2012/2

introducingやstrictやregulationsやinやcertainやareasや〉Wiedmann╇やｲｰｱｰ《╆やThus╇やpublicまprivateやpartnershipsやwillやbeやdecisiveやinやtransformingやDoha‒sやurbanやstructureやandやintegratingやlandやuseやasやwellやasやmakingやtransportやeUcient╆やTheやinitiativeやtoやintegrateやphysicalやplanningやwithinやtheやwiderやperspectiveやofやaやcomprehensiveやdevelopmentやvisionやmightやmarkやaやnewやchapterやorやphaseやofやurbanismやinやQatar╆やSuchやaやphaseやwillやdiTerやdramaticallyやfromやtheやperiodやofやurbanやmodernisationやduringやtheやoilやboomやorやtheやliberalisationやpoliciesやofやtheやlastやｱｵやyears╆やWhileやduringやtheやoilやboomやconcernsやwereやcentredやonやdevelopingやaやfunctioningやmodernやcity╇やstimulatingやurbanやgrowthやbyやderegulatingやmarketsやwasやtheやmainやconcernやforやbecomingやgloballyやandやregionallyやcompetitiveやatやtheやendやofやtheやｱｹｹｰs╆やAlthoughやthisやraceやisやstillやonやgoingやtheやQnVやandやitsやplansやareやclearやsignsやofやaやnewやamentionやtoやconsolidationやinsteadやofやexponentialやgrowth╆

Qatar‒sやsocietyやneedsやspaceやandやtimeやtoやevolveやandやitsやcohesionやwillやhighlyやdependやonやanやenvironmentやthatやprovidesやcomprehensiveやqualitiesやasやwellやasやtheやpossibilityやofやparticipatingやinやtheやurbanやdevelopment╆やTheやcurrentやfocusやonやsupportingやtheやnationalやpopulationやisやbasedやonやurgentやconcernsやthatやaやhighやpercentageやmightやbeやleftやoutやbecauseやofやaやlackやofやqualiRcationsやinやcomparisonやwithやtheやinternationalやworkforce╆やAccordingやtoやtheやQnVやtheやQatariやpopulationやshouldやbecomeやtheやkeyやdriverやofやfutureやknowledgeやeconomiesやbyやｲｰｳｰやwithやtheやproportionやofやforeignやimmigrantsやdecreasing╆やHowever╇やeconomicやdiversiRcationやandやtheやestablishmentやofやDohaやwithinやglobalやnetworksやwillやalwaysやdependやonやexpatriatesやwithやextensiveやexperience╆やThus╇やitやwillやbeやcrucialやforやDoha‒sやsocietyやtoやbecomeやmoreやcohesiveやandやtoやintegrateやtheやneedsやofやaやqualiRedやforeignやworkforce╇や

Figure 17╆やFutureやcentresや〉blue《やandやsubまcentresや〉greenや╄やred《やaccordingやtoやtheやQnMP╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 57

whichやincludesやpropertyやrightsやasやwellやasやmoreやrightsやrelatedやtoやdevelopingやbusinesses╆や

Inやcontrastやtoやtheやpreviousやconceptionやofやinhabitantsやasやconsumersやandやproducers╇やtheやQnVやacknowledgesやinhabitantsやasやbeingやtheやmainやassetやinやtheやknowledgeやandやinnovationやneededやtoやsustainやeconomicやgrowth╆やThisやwillやinevitablyやleadやtoやtheやemergenceやofやaやnewやformやofやurbanやspace╇やaやspaceやwhichやincorporatesやtheやvariousやimages╇やpreferencesやandやfacesやofやaやdiverseやsocietyやandやwhichやisやthusやmovingやtowardやLefebvre‒sやdeRnitionやofや】diTerentialやspace‒╆やTheやdevelopmentやofやthisやnewやspace╇やhowever╇やreliesやonやtheやintroductionやofやcomprehensiveやurbanやqualitiesやinやorderやtoやamractやlongまtermやcommitmentやandやinvestmentやfromやqualiRedやworkforce╇やwhichやconstitutesやtheやbasisやforやtheやemergenceやofやanyやsustainableやknowledgeやeconomy╆やSubsequently╇やtheやevolutionやofやurbanやspaceやinやDohaやisやfacingやaやturningやpointやthatやwillやleadやtoやnewやspatialやtransformationsやthatやwillやshapeやaやbuiltやenvironmentやreSectingやitsやinhabitantsやratherやthanやbeingやanやimposedやurbanやshellやcontainingやthemや〉Figure 18《╆や

CONCLUSIONS

AlthoughやLefebvreやdevelopedやhisやtheoriesやaboutやtheやevolutionやofやspaceやwithやtheやurbanやhistoryやofやeuropeやinやmind╇やtheやanalysisやofやDoha‒sやurbanisationやutilizesやgeneralやaspectsやofやhisやideasやregardingやtheやevolutionaryやcharacteristicsやofやurbanやspace╆やWhileやinやeuropeやtheやtransformationやprocessやfromやabsoluteやtoやabstractやspaceやoccurredやgraduallyやoverやtheやcenturies╇やDohaやhasやwitnessedやaやrapidやshiftやfromやaやtraditionalやbuiltやenvironmentやtoやmodernやurbanやstructuresやasやaやresultやofやtheやoilやboomやandやalsoやpostまcolonialやties╆ややDohaやhasやrecentlyやbegunやtoやgoやthroughやaやnewやtransformationやperiodやinやwhichやconSictsやhaveやoccurredやdueやtoやtheやincreasinglyやfragmentedやandやsegregatedやnatureやofやitsやurbanやdevelopment╆やTheseやconSictedやspacesやareやtheやproductやofやprivatisationやandやdecentralisation╇やwhichやcausedやaやoneまsidedやdevelopmentやfocusやonやrealやestateやandやthusやanやincreasingやlackやofやconsolidation╆やTheseやliberalisationやstrategiesやwereやconsciouslyやdesignedやandやintroducedやduringやtheやｱｹｹｰsやtoやenhanceやurbanやgrowthやbyやamractingやinvestmentやfromやtheやprivateやsector╆やWhileやthisやcommonやgrowthやstrategyやhasやbeenやimplemented╇やurbanやgovernanceやisやfacingやtheやgrowingやchallengeやofやintegratingやurbanやqualities╇やincludingやmoreやeTectiveやurbanやstructuresや(Figure 19《╆や

Thisやintegrationやofやurbanやqualitiesやisやbecomingやmoreやandやmoreやimportantやifやeconomicやvisionsやofやdevelopingやinternationalやserviceやhubsやareやtoやbeやachieved╆やTheやsuccessfulやestablishmentやofやtheseやhubsやdependsやonやamractingやhighlyやqualiRedやworkforceやforやtheやlongやterm╆やAsやaやresult╇やurbanやqualitiesやareやbecomingやanやessentialやfactorやforやGulfやeconomies╇やespeciallyやonceやtheやwealthやofやfossilやfuelsやandやalongやwithやitやhighやsalariesやandやtaxやfreeやzonesやbelongやtoやtheやpast╆やTherefore╇やtheやroleやofやurbanやgovernanceやand╇やmoreやspeciRcally╇や

Figure 18.OverviewやofやtheやdistinctやphasesやwithinやDoha‒sやevolutionやofやurbanやspace╆やSource╈やAuthors╆

FLOrIAnやWIeDMAnn58 METU JFA 2012/2

urbanやplanningやneedsやtoやbeやredeRnedやbyやstrengtheningやtheやnotionやofやdevelopingやcitiesやforやtheやsakeやofやcommunitiesやratherやthanやmanagingやcitiesやasやbusinessやideas╆やToday╇やtheやdecreasingやliveabilityやinstigatedやbyやlowまqualityやhousingやandやinfrastructuralやproblemsやareやincreasingやtheやpressureやonやgovernanceやtoやimplementやintegrativeやstrategiesやthatやareやamenableやtoやpreventやcurrentやfragmentedやandやsegregatedやdevelopmentやtrendsやfromやcontinuing╆やTheseやamemptsやmightやmeanやaやnewやturningやpointやwithinやgovernanceやasやitやreactsやtoやtheやneedsやofやaやgrowingやpartやofやsocietyやandやthusやintegrateやmoreやparticipationやintoやurbanやdevelopmentやprocessesやinやtheやcityやofやDohaやandやbeyond╆や

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

ThisやstudyやisやdevelopedやasやpartやofやaやcomprehensiveやfundedやresearchやprojectやofやtheやnationalやPrioritiesやresearchやProgram╇やQnrFまQatarやnationalやresearchやFundや〉nPrPやｰｹまｱｰｸｳまｶまｰｲｳ《╆

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URBAN EVOLUTION OF THE CITY OF DOHA METU JFA 2012/2 61

DohaqNINｳKENTSELｳEVRİMİ:ｳEKoNoMİKｳDÖNÜCÜMÜNｳKENTSELｳYaPILaRｳÜZERİNDEKİｳETKİSİNEｳBİRｳÖRNEKｳyirminciやyüzyılınやikinciやyarısındaやilkやkentleşmeやdöneminiやyaşayanやKatar╇やbunuやbüyükやölçüdeやpetrolやürünlerininやartanやüretimineやborçludur╆やBugünやekenomisiniやcanlandırmakやveやçeşitlendirmekやiçinやgiriştiğiやyeniやkalkınmaやstratejileri╇やikinciやbirやkentselやdönüşümünやyaşanmasınaやyolやaçmakta╆やSonuçやolarak╇やyirminciやyüzyılınやortalarındakiやküçükやbalıkçıやköyününやbugünやbölgeninやdeやmerkeziやolmayaやsoyunanやｱ╇ｵやmilyonやnüfusluやbirやkenteやdönüşmesininやnedeniやbudur╆やyazıやKatar‒ınやbaşkentiやDoha‒nınやyaşadığıやkentselやdönüşümüやHenriやLefèbvre‒inやmekanやüretimiやkuramınaやdayanarakやdeneyselやbiçimdeやçözümlemektedir╆やyazıやhemやkentinやyapılıやçevresiやhemやdeやkentlininやyapısıやüzerindeやderinやizlerやbırakanやekonomikやdönüşümünやfarklıやevreleriniやincelemektedir╆やyazıやayrıca╇やyirminciやyüzyılınやsonlarındaやözelleştirmeやyanlısıやliberalやpolitikalarやveやkamuやyatırımlarıやsayesindeやhızlaやbüyüyenやgayrimenkulやsektörününやgetirdiğiやdönüşümüやdeやgözönündeやbulundurmaktadadır╆やGeçerliやekonomikやkalkınmaやsratejilerininやgelecektekiやetkisiniやanlayabilmekやiçinややpetrolやöncesiやyerleşimdenやpetrolやüretimine╇やliberalやpolitikalarınやgelişmesineやveやçeşitlenenやekonomikやyatırımやpaketleriやdönemineやyayılan╇やkentinやyakınやgeçmiştekiやkentleşmeやserüveniやveやonlarınやyansımasıやolanやmekansalやgelişmeやetmenleriやsıralanmaktadır╆やFarklıやevrelerinやçözümlenmesi╇やbize╇やherやkentleşmeやevresininやözelやbirやekonomikやivmeやsonucuやolduğunu╇やkilitやroldekiやyönetişimやkararやveやstratejilerineやbağlıやolduğunu╇やkentinやyapısıやveやmimarlıkやüzerindeやtikelやetkilereやyolaçtığınıやgöstermektedir╆やMakale╇やkentinやevrilmesiniやsağlayanやsüreçlerinやonunやgelecektekiやkentselやçevreyleやçelişenやyönlerineやdeやışıkやtutarak╇やyaşanabilirやbirやçevreやeldeやedilipやkorunmasıやveやkentselやyaşamやniteliğininやyüksekやtutulmasıやamaçlıやduyarlıやstratejilerinやdüşünülmesiやveやetkinやkılınmasıやiçinやdüşüncelerやortayaやatarakやsonlanmaktadır╆

FLORIAN WIEDMANN; BArch╆╇やM╆Arch╇やPhD╆PostまdoctoralやfellowやatやQatarやUniversity╆やGraduatedやfromやtheやTechnicalやUniversityやofやDresdenや〉ｲｰｰｳ《やandやtheやUniversityやofやStumgartや〉ｲｰｰｶ《やwithやaやMaster‒sやdegreeやinやArchitectureやandやUrbanやPlanning╆やAfterやcompletingやhisやMaster‒sやdissertationやonやtheやurbanやdevelopmentやofやDubai╇やcontinuedやhisやresearchやonやurbanismやinやtheやGulfやregionやwithやaやPhDやthesisやatやtheやUniversityやofやStumgartや〉ｲｰｰｷまやｲｰｱｰ《╆やInやｲｰｰｹ╇やacceptedやaやpositionやasやurbanやplannerやatやtheやconsultancyやAlbertやSpeerや╄やPartnerやinやFrankfurt╇やwhereやheやtookやpartやinやdesigningやtheやstrategicやmasterやplanやforやｶthやofやOctoberやCity╇やaやsatelliteやcityやofやCairo╇やforやtheやegyptianやMinistryやofやHousing╆や

ASHRAF M. SALAMA; BArch╆╇やM╆Arch╇やPhD╆ ChairやProfessorやofやArchitectureやandやFoundingやHeadやofやtheやDepartmentやofやArchitectureやandやUrbanやPlanningやatやQatarやUniversity╆やIsやaやfellowやofやtheやHigherやeducationやAcademyまFHeAやandやtheやroyalやSocietyやofやtheやArtsまFrSA╉やhasやheldやpermanent╇やtenured╇やandやvisitingやpositionsやinやegypt╇やItaly╇やQatar╇やSaudiやArabia╇やandやtheやUnitedやKingdom╉やisやtheやchiefやeditorやofやArchnetまIJAr╈やInternationalやJournalやofやArchitecturalやresearch╇やcollaboratingやeditorやofやOpenやHouseやInternationalまOHI╇やeditorialやboardやmemberやofやmanyやinternationalやjournalsやandやorganizations╆やHasやauthoredやandやcoまeditedやsixやbooksやandやpublishedやoverやhundredやarticlesやandやinやtheやrefereedやinternationalやpress╆やCurrentやworkやfocusesやonやarchitectureやandやurbanismやinやemergingやregionalやmetropolisやofやtheやGulfやregion╆やasalamaかgmail╆com

ALAIN THIERSTEIN, BAdm╆╇やM╆やecon╆╇やPh╆D╆IsやfullやprofessorやforやspatialやandやterritorialやdevelopmentやatやtheやMunichやUniversityやofやTechnology╇やDepartmentやofやArchitecture╉やandやseniorやconsultantやandやpartnerやwithやernstやBaslerやPartnersやLtd╆╇やZurich╇やaやprivateやengineeringやandやplanningやconsultancy╆やHoldsやaやPhD╆やinやeconomicsやandやaやmasterやdegreeやinやeconomicsやandやBusinessやAdministrationやfromやtheやUniversityやofやSt╆Gallen╆やCurrentやresearchやinterestsやincludeやimpactやofやtheやknowledgeやeconomyやonやurbanやandやmegaまcityやregionsやdevelopment╇やsustainableやregionalやdevelopment╇やinnovationやandやregionalやpolicyやasやwellやasやpolicyやevaluation╆

Alındı╈やｱｹ╆ｱｲ╆ｲｰｱｱ╉ Son Metin╈やｲｸ╆ｰｴ╆ｲｰｱｲ

Anahtar Sözcükler: Doha╉やKatar╉やKörfez╉やkentleşme╉やekonomikやçeşitlenme╉やkentselやyapı╉やbilişimやekonomileri╆