Urban Logistics spaces and regulation tools

for improving the last miles

COST 355 meeting in Prague, 11-13 October 2006

Danièle PATIER, Laboratoire d’Economie des Transports

Context of « ELU » programme

During the late 1990s, the UDC was considered as the best solution for decreasing the urban goods transport vehicles flows

Many experiments were carried out in different European Cities

Many UDC projects have not been carried out, or have been postponed after a thorough feasibility study.

More than 20 UDC projects have been mentioned in French PDU, since the 1996 Clean Air Act

Recently, less expensive and more appropriated solutions

Two experiments have been successful: Monaco UDC starting in 1989and La Rochelle UDC in 2001

Reminder : aims of ELU: a more efficient logistic org. Massification,less v.km.

2000: « ELU » programme

Aims : To help for setting up Urban Logistics spaces appropriated to the operator's needs.

To explain technical means to create a urban logistic zone

Method : 1. Census of actor’s needs surveys to logisticians, carriers, shippers, large volume distribution, and many others managers

2. Census of technicians and local authorities needs according to their space using problems 3. Dialogue meetingsResults : a methodological guide to help public and private decision- makers in realising the adapted solutions

« Urban Logistics Zone »The methodology for the realisation/evaluation of the project

1. Strategic objectives 2. Diagnosis of existing

3. Principal of actions

4. Operationnal setting up

5. Follow up and evaluation

Functionnal, economical, environnemental

Methodological guide :   Mise en œuvre d ’Espaces Logistiques Urbains, D.BOUDOUIN, CRET

A programme : ELU (Urban logistics area)Producer

INTER-URBAN

Town URBANprivate parcel service platform

City Centre

district, street

Building

Consumer

ZLU : urban logistic zone

CDU : urban delivery centre

PAV : vehicle reception point

PAM : Goods reception point

BUL : urban logistic box

Source : CRET-Log

Methodological guide :   Mise en œuvre d ’Espaces Logistiques UrbainsD.BOUDOUIN, CRET

PROJET « FRETILIEN »Projet de développement de la logistique

urbaine ferroviaire en Ile de France pour Paris

PARIS

Pôle Nord Es t

Pôle Sud Est

Pôle Nord Oues t

Île de France

Les sites

Les flux

CDUF (centre de distribution urbaine ferroviaire) regroupant desplates-formes de logist ique urbaine et des implantations clientsFret

PDL (point de livraison : commerces, PMI-PME,particuliers…

Zone logis tique de la Région Paris ienne

Site logistique (entrepôt de chargeur, de prestataire,de dist ributeur etc.…)

Plate-forme embranchée fer de collecte/distribution route +fer

Collecte / livraison terminale routière(véhicules propres)

Transport principal amont

Navettes FRETILIE N reliant les zoneslogis tiques aux CDUF parisiens enempruntant dans Paris la Petite Ceinture

Achemi nement direct de marchandises(exemple : ciment , granulats…) depuisdes s ites de Production jusque auxclients Fret implantés dans Paris

1 - « Urban Logistics Zone »

« Urban Logistics Zone »

The brakes for the carrying out political

• priority for passengers on the railways lines • conflict about space using (green)

economical• The urban land price ( choice ULZ/housing, tertiary activities..)• The capital spending for rehabilitate neglected terminal

Railways connection• The cost for linking the suburbs adjacent to Paris railways

network•The cost for new logistics re organisation for the firms

Curent organisation

Marchandises Générales

Combs la Ville

Boisson Sans Alcool

Villeneuve Saint Georges

Plate-Forme Thiais

150 000 Pal /an

220 000 Pal/ an

Livraisons directes SUD IdF

General goodsPF (30km)

Without alcool beverage

PF

Consolidation PF

150 000 Pal /year

220 000 Pal/ year

Direct deliveries SUD IdF

Without alcool beverage PF

Consolidation PFin Paris

General goodsPF (30km)

Planed organisation

Evolution of the project• SCENARIO 1

– 210 000 Pal

– 60 magasins

– 20 wagons/j

• SCENARIO 2 – 320 000 Pal

– 92 magasins

– 30 wagons/j

• SCENARIO 1 – 210 000 Pal

– 60 magasins

– 20 wagons/j

• SCENARIO 2 – 320 000 Pal

– 92 magasins

– 30 wagons/j

2 - La Rochelle UDC

Carried out under public initiative and private management

aims : environmental in La Rochelle

UDC concerns the historical centre in La Rochelle

Regulation few strict, weak control

ELCIDIS European project (1998-2001) +partnership : CCI, Bordeaux urban community/Ministry of Transport

high environmental performance (electric vans) 61 % energy consumption saving, 63 % SO2, 61 % CO2 equivalent (Kg/year) 61 % sound nuisance

La Rochelle 2006 UDCHow to succeed for the long term ?

Financial terms :End of the UE programme in 2004, Only Town community subsidies

Technical terms :In addition to the 6 little electric Kangoo, one 3.5 T.electric van permits the transport of pallets No reduction of exemptions (regulation), lack of controlsEconomic terms :New additional services proposed No extension of the perimeter, no increase of nb of parcels

New organisation

La Rochelle 2006 UDCHow to evaluate the experiment 5 year after the setting up ?

A lack of previous observation before the starting, (no market research with economic forecasting for the operator)

A lack of continuous observation

A lack of comparable data with other experiments

T.km, vehicle.kmnb of parcels (La Rochelle), nb of stops (ELP Bordeaux),nb deliveries (UGM surveys)…costs : global cost, subsidies, external costs ?

Taking into account the global logistics organisationand the profitability for the UDC manager

Arrival of parcel

Handing in Customer alertScan id customer

Opening code

collecting

3 - PAM : Goods reception pointConsignity 2006

PPP : 3 parking administrators Mayor of ParisANVAR, PREDIT, ADEMEF Social European

Actors : Lifts Firm Schindler (SAV, repairing)DHL

Consignity DARTY ( current)

Functionning : a few m² in a underground Parking + video surveillance delivery from Schindler PF before 7 a.m. Collecting by technician at any time (200 in Paris/day) 4 €/parcel

PAM : Goods reception point : Consignity

The 10 first setting up, a need of 200 to 300 for the After sale service firms

Conclusion: The keys for the success ?

1. “Consignity” respects the procedure advocated in the ELU programme (5 steps)

2. A large market, a viability assured

3. An evaluation of the current organisation,

4. PPP

5. A running committee