Urban PlanningUrban PlanningGrade 12 GeographyGrade 12 Geography

What you should be learningWhat you should be learning

► Illustrate strategies to improve urban Illustrate strategies to improve urban environmentsenvironments

►Evaluate models of urban structure in Evaluate models of urban structure in developed and developing countriesdeveloped and developing countries

What is Urban Planning?What is Urban Planning?

►Urban Planning: Is organising lands in Urban Planning: Is organising lands in scientific, aesthetic and orderly scientific, aesthetic and orderly manner. It aims to create good manner. It aims to create good physical, economic and social physical, economic and social conditions. It also promotes the health conditions. It also promotes the health and well being of communities. and well being of communities. Urban Planners are geographers the Urban Planners are geographers the

people that make sure this happenspeople that make sure this happens

Urban Planners…Urban Planners…

►Plan for the future in addition to Plan for the future in addition to addressing current needs.addressing current needs. What infrastructure will be needed for What infrastructure will be needed for

future transportation modes?future transportation modes? How large will the population become?How large will the population become? What will the demographics of the city be?What will the demographics of the city be? What will the economy of the city do?What will the economy of the city do? How and where should the city expand to How and where should the city expand to

prevent land use conflicts?prevent land use conflicts?

Urban PlannersUrban Planners

►From Bike and Bus lanes to Bridges From Bike and Bus lanes to Bridges and Business parks. Urban planners and Business parks. Urban planners have to decide where things go. How have to decide where things go. How to regulate the city in the to regulate the city in the best possiblebest possible mannermanner

Things that influence land Things that influence land useuse

► Physical attributes of the landPhysical attributes of the land Flood plains, hillsides, shorelines etcFlood plains, hillsides, shorelines etc Natural corridorsNatural corridors

► AccessibilityAccessibility Close to transportation routes/harbour?Close to transportation routes/harbour? Proximity to public transitProximity to public transit

► CompatibilityCompatibility Complementary land usesComplementary land uses are desirable are desirable What are complimentary land uses for What are complimentary land uses for

residential? What are not???residential? What are not???

Things that influence land Things that influence land useuse

►Historical Land UseHistorical Land Use Without great political pressure historic land Without great political pressure historic land

uses often win. Its hard to force existing uses often win. Its hard to force existing land users out of a neighbourhood.land users out of a neighbourhood.

►Consumer Demand and Land ValueConsumer Demand and Land Value There is competition for the most desirable There is competition for the most desirable

land in citiesland in cities Therefore those who can pay most get the Therefore those who can pay most get the

land they want. land they want.

Peak Value Intersection (PVI)Peak Value Intersection (PVI)

Val

ue o

f la

nd

Distance from PVI (km)

The Planning ProcessThe Planning Process

►Challenges:Challenges: Must make decisions for the good of the Must make decisions for the good of the

community over the individual.community over the individual. Reduce conflicting land usesReduce conflicting land uses Finding a place for undesirable land uses Finding a place for undesirable land uses

like landfills, jails, power plants etc. like landfills, jails, power plants etc. (NIMBY)(NIMBY)

The Planning ProcessThe Planning Process

►Zoning BylawsZoning Bylaws The basic purpose of a zoning bylaw is to The basic purpose of a zoning bylaw is to

regulate what you can build and how big regulate what you can build and how big the building can be on a property. the building can be on a property.

► Individuals and Community GroupsIndividuals and Community Groups Need to get involvedNeed to get involved Public Meetings to present proposalsPublic Meetings to present proposals After the fact: After the fact:

Reviews/updates/exemptionsReviews/updates/exemptions