Urinary SystemUrinary System

Body System VocabBody System Vocab

Homeostasis- A state of balance in Homeostasis- A state of balance in the bodythe body

(everything is A ok)(everything is A ok)

Metabolism- Rate at which the body Metabolism- Rate at which the body generates energy. The sum of all generates energy. The sum of all the bodies processesthe bodies processes

Urinary SystemUrinary System – filters waste and – filters waste and extra fluid from the blood in the extra fluid from the blood in the form of urineform of urine

- Composed of four parts- Composed of four parts

Part 1Part 1 KidneysKidneys

Two bean shaped organs about the size of a Two bean shaped organs about the size of a fistfist

Contain nephrons, which are tiny filtering Contain nephrons, which are tiny filtering units (filter the blood)units (filter the blood)

Monitors and adjusts amount of salts and Monitors and adjusts amount of salts and water in bloodwater in blood

Part 2 Part 2 UretersUreters

Two tubes that carry Two tubes that carry

urine from the kidneys to the bladderurine from the kidneys to the bladder Each is about 8 to 10 inches longEach is about 8 to 10 inches long

Part 3Part 3 BladderBladder

Hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic Hollow, muscular organ located in the pelvic cavitycavity

Stores urineStores urine Stores about 2 cups comfortably for 2 to 5 hoursStores about 2 cups comfortably for 2 to 5 hours

Part 4 Part 4 Urethra Urethra

Tube that leads from the bladder to the outside Tube that leads from the bladder to the outside of the bodyof the body

Urinary System Video ClipUrinary System Video Clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=TZMJeZL-BVgv=TZMJeZL-BVg

Diagram of Urinary Diagram of Urinary SystemSystem

Problems of the Urinary Problems of the Urinary SystemSystem

1. Cystitis – inflammation of the 1. Cystitis – inflammation of the bladder caused by a bacterial bladder caused by a bacterial infectioninfection

2. Urethritis- inflammation of the 2. Urethritis- inflammation of the urethra caused by bacterial infection. urethra caused by bacterial infection. Important – if you experience a Important – if you experience a

burning pain during urination, burning pain during urination, increased urination, or blood in urine, increased urination, or blood in urine, you need to see a doctor ASAP! You you need to see a doctor ASAP! You may have these disorders!may have these disorders!

Kidney ProblemsKidney Problems 1. 1. NephritisNephritis – inflammation of nephrons in – inflammation of nephrons in

kidneys. kidneys. This leads to a changed amount of urine This leads to a changed amount of urine

produced. produced. 2. 2. Kidney StonesKidney Stones – formed when salts in – formed when salts in

the urine crystallize into solid stonesthe urine crystallize into solid stones If the stone moves into the ureter, it causes If the stone moves into the ureter, it causes

immense painimmense pain Smaller stones may pass, but stones larger Smaller stones may pass, but stones larger

than 1 cm have to be broken down using than 1 cm have to be broken down using shock wavesshock waves

Sometimes, surgery is requiredSometimes, surgery is required3. 3. UremiaUremia- Serious condition where the kidneys - Serious condition where the kidneys

do not filter blood properlydo not filter blood properly

Kidney Stone Video ClipKidney Stone Video Clip

Kidney FailureKidney Failure

1. Sometimes, our kidneys do not 1. Sometimes, our kidneys do not functionfunction

2. This can be caused by infection, 2. This can be caused by infection, decreased blood flow, or diseases decreased blood flow, or diseases that damage kidney tissuethat damage kidney tissue

3. So…what do we do? How do we 3. So…what do we do? How do we treat it?treat it?

4. We can use 4. We can use hemodialysishemodialysis or or dialysisdialysis– – an artificial kidney machine removes an artificial kidney machine removes waste products from the bloodwaste products from the blood Takes 3-5 hrs and is done 3-4 times per weekTakes 3-5 hrs and is done 3-4 times per week YouTube - Hemodialysis machineYouTube - Hemodialysis machine

5. We can also have a 5. We can also have a kidney transplantkidney transplant Basically, an organ donor gives a healthy Basically, an organ donor gives a healthy

kidney to someone in needkidney to someone in need

Prostate CancerProstate Cancer

Prostate gland is a gland only found Prostate gland is a gland only found in malesin males

This type of cancer is generally This type of cancer is generally found in older adult males – 50 years found in older adult males – 50 years oldold

Prostate CancerProstate Cancer

Cancerous tumor causes prostate Cancerous tumor causes prostate gland to swellgland to swell

The swelling “pinches” the urethra The swelling “pinches” the urethra This causes decreased urination in This causes decreased urination in

males, painfulmales, painful No known causes – doctors suggest No known causes – doctors suggest

eating healthy diet and exercising. eating healthy diet and exercising.

How do I keep the How do I keep the urinary system healthy?urinary system healthy?

Drink at least 8 glasses of water a dayDrink at least 8 glasses of water a day Limit your intake of caffeine and soft Limit your intake of caffeine and soft

drinksdrinks This can increase water loss through This can increase water loss through

urine, thus dehydrating your bodyurine, thus dehydrating your body Take more showers than bathsTake more showers than baths

Eliminates the risk of bacterial infections Eliminates the risk of bacterial infections due to contaminated waterdue to contaminated water

How do I keep the How do I keep the urinary system healthy?urinary system healthy?

Eat Cranberries! – chemical within Eat Cranberries! – chemical within cranberries helps prevent bacteria cranberries helps prevent bacteria from sticking to bladder wallsfrom sticking to bladder walls This prevents bacterial infections!This prevents bacterial infections!

Be Proactive!!!Be Proactive!!!

1. If you experience pain, burning, 1. If you experience pain, burning, or blood during urination, you need or blood during urination, you need to tell a doctor AS SOON AS to tell a doctor AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!!!POSSIBLE!!!

http://www.neok12.com/Urinary-http://www.neok12.com/Urinary-System.htmSystem.htm

ExploreExplore

CONSTRUCT THE URINARY CONSTRUCT THE URINARY SYSTEMSYSTEM You will make a model of the primary You will make a model of the primary

components of their urinary system. components of their urinary system. Once finished with this activity you will Once finished with this activity you will be able to identify the structures, their be able to identify the structures, their functions and order the process of the functions and order the process of the urinary system through your model.urinary system through your model.

You must correctly label and give the You must correctly label and give the function for the following parts…function for the following parts…Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder Ureter, Kidney, Urethra, Bladder

Kidney Filtration Simulation Kidney Filtration Simulation ActivityActivity This lab activity that will simulate the This lab activity that will simulate the

overall function of the kidneysoverall function of the kidneys