urine formationu4:l3. nephrons remove wastes as well as excess amounts of dissolved substances from...
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URINE
FORMATIONU4:L3
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Nephrons remove wastes as well as excess amounts of dissolved substances from the blood
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Certain fluids (filtrate), such as water and
dissolved substances, pass from the
glomerular capillaries into the Bowman’s
capsule
STEP ONEGLOMERULAR FILTRATION
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• Blood pressure pushes the fluid out of the glomerular capillaries• This fluid is the filtrate(contains small molecules such as water, salts, glucose and urea). Large molecules such as glycogen and protein, remain in the blood.• Filtrate then enters the Bowman’s capsule
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From the Bowman’s capsule the filtrate enters the proximal
tubule
STEP TWOREABSORPTION
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• As the filtrate flows through the tubules of the
nephrons, certain substances, including
water and nutrients, move from the filtrate back into
the capillaries
• This movement occurs by both active and passive
transport
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• Proximal tubule is highly permeable to water
• Because of the difference in concentration between the blood and filtrate, water moves out by osmosis after the ions and nutrients have been reabsorbed
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Salts and nutrients are pumped out and reabsorbed by active
transport into the blood through the
peritubular capillaries
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The filtrate then travels to the distal
tubule
STEP THREESECRETION
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Water is reabsorbed and substances like penicillin,
hydrogen ions and ammonia are secreted into
the distal tubule (urine) from the peritubular
capillary network (blood).
Cells lining the distal tubule are loaded with
mitochondria
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• Secretion occurs by
active transport (like
reabsorption) and
molecules are
transferred from the
blood into the nephron
(unlike reabsorption)
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The filtrate then travels to
the collecting duct and
more water is absorbed. It
is then collected in the
renal pelvis of the kidney
and sent to the urinary
bladder via the ureter
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• The substances that remain in the filtrate are wastes
(urea, water, drugs, mineral salts)
• Collectively, these wastes make
up urine
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U4 mini project
CHOICE ASSIGNMENT
+ DRAMA: write and perform a play which takes your audience
through the journey of urine formation…must include a script!
+ MUSIC: write and perform or submit a song about urine
formation…must include the written lyrics!
+ ART: write and illustrate a comic strip which explores urine
formation.