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US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people .” Language education in the USA: English and world languages Dr. Robert E. Vann Department of Spanish, Western Michigan University, USA [email protected] http://homepages.wmich.edu/~rvann Classroom Visit, University of Lleida, November 22, 2013

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Page 1: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

US Constitution, 10th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791)

“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively,

or to the people.”

Language education in the USA:

English and world languages

Dr. Robert E. VannDepartment of Spanish, Western Michigan University,

[email protected]

http://homepages.wmich.edu/~rvann

Classroom Visit, University of Lleida, November 22, 2013

Page 2: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

Practices and politics I:

English language education in the USA

Page 3: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

ELA: Common core state standards

ELL: Standards vary by individual school district (K-12)

English language education in the USA: Standards of Practice

http://www.corestandards.org/in-the-states
http://www.corestandards.org/in-the-states
http://www.corestandards.org/in-the-states
Page 4: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

“It is the prerogative of each district to select a specific educational approach to meet the needs of its particular ELL student population. A district may use any educational approach that is recognized as sound by some experts in the field, or an approach that is recognized as a legitimate educational strategy.”

ELL content standards vary by school district based on method ESL programs Transitional bilingual education Dual immersion programs / Two-way bilingual immersion programs

Most ELL programs intended to be temporary and transitional

In achievement standards (e.g., graduation requirements, college entrance exams, etc.) ELL students held to same content standards as ELA students

Illustration: State of Michigan standards of practice (ELL content) (http://www.michigan.gov)

Page 5: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

State laws: Official English (31/50) (http://www.us-english.org)

Page 6: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

Official English vs. English only

Intersection with federal laws pertaining to civil rights and language education

Wide variation in effects on language use in schoolsStates with Official English that allow languages

other than English to be used as languages of instruction

States without Official English that require English in schools

State laws: Official English

Page 7: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

Practices and politics II:

World language education in the USA

Page 8: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

National guidelines

By state

By individual school district (K-12)

By individual school

World language education in the USA: Standards of practice

Page 9: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

(1993-) ATFL, AATSP, AATF, AATG

Five C’s of foreign language education

CommunicationCulturesConnectionsComparisonsCommunities

“Knowing how, when, and why to say what to whom”

National guidelines for practicing foreign language education (http://www.actfl.org.)

Page 10: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

States where world language study is a state graduation requirement …

… believe it or not, only 8 out of 50 !!!

Delaware (2 credits, all students starting 2015)Maine (starting in 2017)Michigan (2 credits, all students)New Jersey (5 credits, with required time allocations K-8

based on ACTFL Performance Guidelines for K-12 Learners)New York (1 credit/Standard Diploma, 3 credits/Regents

Diploma) South Carolina (1 credit for college-bound students)Tennessee (2 credits, for college-bound students)Texas (2 credits/standard diploma, 3 credits/Distinguished

Achievement)

State legislation on world language education (http://www.ncssfl.org/reports2/state_question_matrix.php)

Page 11: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

District-to-district variation within same county(e.g., Allegan County, MI)

School-to-school variation within same district (e.g., Kalamazoo Public Schools)

Illustration: World language education practices in individual school districts and schools in Michigan

Page 12: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

1 = Allegan Public Schools2 = Otsego Public Schools3 = Plainwell Community Schools4 = Kalamazoo Public Schools

School district maps in Allegan County and Kalamazoo County, Michigan (http://www.michigan.gov)

1

3

2

4

Page 13: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

Allegan Public Schools (district enrollment = 2,952) World language instruction summary: 2-12; Spanish, French

Otsego Public Schools (district enrollment = 2250) World language instruction summary: 3-12 Spanish, 9-12 French

Plainwell Community Schools (district enrollment = 2775)World language instruction summary: 6-12 Spanish, French

Kalamazoo Public Schools (district enrollment = 11,588) 16 elementary schools: No world language curriculum Lincoln Elementary (K-5): Spanish special El Sol Elementary (K-5): Spanish/English dual immersion

Illustration: World language education practices by school district (Michigan)(http://www.alleganpublicschools.org)

Page 14: US Constitution, 10 th Amendment (Bill of Rights, 1791) “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the

Thank you!!!

Language education in the USA:

English and world languages

Dr. Robert E. VannDepartment of Spanish, Western Michigan University,

[email protected]

http://homepages.wmich.edu/~rvann

Classroom Visit, University of Lleida, November 22, 2013


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