u.s. trends in work organization and job stress steven sauter - tapas ray - dennis hanseman - larry...
TRANSCRIPT
U.S. Trends in Work Organization and Job StressSteven Sauter - Tapas Ray - Dennis Hanseman - Larry Murphy
The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Business Mergers and Acquisitions
10,000
5,000
1985 ‘96‘94‘92‘90 ‘98
Source: Census Bureau, 2000
0%
25%
50%
Jobs Abolished
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2000
(as percent of total job loss)
1990
1992
1994
1998
1996
2000
1988
0
1
2
3
Temporary Workers (millions)
1994
1996
1990
1992
1998
2000
Source: American Staffing Association, 2003
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2000
Hours Worked per Week (% of workforce)
1977
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
35-49 hrs
50-70 hrs
Alternative Work Arrangements(California)
Source: Rand Corporation, 2004
“…just one in three workers held onlyone dayshift on-site job that was permanent, full time, year-aroundand paid by the employer…”
…The rewards of the new economy are coming at the price of lives that are more frenzied, less secure…
Total Quality Management
Source: Ben-Ner, 1999
19801984
198819
92
1996
Self-managed Work Teams
Source: Ben-Ner, 1999
19801984
19881992
1996
Joint Labor-Management Committees
Source: Ben-Ner, 1999
19801984
19881992
1996
“…Considerable interest has been displayed…in the quality of working life.”
Elliot Richardson, 1973
NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey 2002 & 2006
One-half of the questions werealso used in 1969, 1973 and 1977.
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002
Work fast
Change in Work Intensity
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002
Work fast
Change in Work Intensity
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
1972 Survey
1977 Survey
U.S. Stock Market (Dow Jones Industrial Average)
Economic contraction
U.S. Stock Market (Dow Jones Industrial Average)
Economic expansion
contraction
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002
Work fast
Change in Work Intensity
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey Families and Work Institute
Families and FamiliesInstitute (1997)
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Unemployment
Work Fast
6%
4%
1969 1972 1977 1997 2002
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
2002 Survey
2006 Survey
Economic expansion
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 20062002
Change in Intensity (through 2006)
Work Fast
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey Families and Work Institute
Families and Work Institute (1997)
0
10
20
30
40
50
1999 20062002
Job is Often or Always Stressful
19891977
Per
cent
Agr
ee
Source: General Social Survey
Frequent Mental Distress (wage earners)
6
7
8
9
10
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001
Per
cent
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Lot of Say in Job (% agree)
1969 1972 1977 2002
Change in Job Control
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Lots of say on the job
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Learn new things
1969 1972 1977 2002
Change in Control
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002
Change in Control
Use skills
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
Change in Control (through 2006)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002 2006
Learn new things
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
Change in Control (through 2006)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002 2006
Variety
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
Change in Control (through 2006)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002 2006
Lots of say on the job
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
Change in Control (through 2006)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002 2006
Use skills
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey Families and Work Institute
Families and WorkInstitute (1997)
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1969 1972 1977 2002 2006
Team work
Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey
Changing Organizational Practices (2002 - 2006)
Participation in job decisions
Source: European Foundation for Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
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