uscms may 2002jim branson 1 e/gamma and b/tau prs (small us effort) (what you should work on when...
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 1
E/Gamma and b/Tau PRSE/Gamma and b/Tau PRS(small US effort)(small US effort)
(what you should work on when you finish…)(what you should work on when you finish…)
US CMS Annual Collaboration Meeting May 2002
FSU
Jin Branson
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 2
ElectronPhoton main packages*ElectronPhoton main packages*EgammaAnalysis
Modular analyzer and analysis helpersAbstract “writer” supportIteration wrapper and UserCollection support
EgammaNotificationNotification and flow control
EgammaH4SupportHbook CWN “writer”
EgammaClustersBasic clustering algorithmsPosition and energy correctionsIsolation and 0 rejection tools
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 3
ElectronPhoton main packages**ElectronPhoton main packages**ClusterTools
Endcap-specific reconstructionPreshower clusteringBrem recovery algorithms
EgammaL1ToolsLevel1 trigger candidate matching
ElectronFromPixelsPixel matching and track seeding algorithmElectron track reconstruction based on pixel seeds
EgammaMCToolsGenerator- and GEANT-level analysis
EgammaTracksTracking setup and helper classes
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 4
e/gamma Developmente/gamma Development
Working with MCWorking with MC
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 5
Basic Calorimeter Software Activities Basic Calorimeter Software Activities • Calorimeter software has been “stable” for a few years.• US is involved in upgrade program.• There are three areas of activity
– improvements of current architecture of Calorimetry• FORTRAN elimination
• using new ROU naming schema
• navigation and speedup optimization
– online/testbeam specific preparations• splitup the Readout on two parts to read the online/testbeam format
– preparations for the migration to OSCAR• isolation of what is required for hit-formatting
• first prototype of DDD usage
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 6
Island ClusteringIsland Clustering
Fast, reliable bump finding
Standalone reconstruction
Accurate position reconstruction
Log-weighed Position Correction
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 7
Depth modelingDepth modeling
•Dependence of shower max on energy ~log(E) with energy in GeV
Tmax = A[T0+log(E)]
•Parameterization for ECAL with A = 0.89 (PbO4 rad length)
•Optimize T0 by finding the zero offset for the two half barrels (optionally one could minimize position resolution)•Specific for electrons OR photons
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 8
Log weightingLog weighting
• Linear-weighted cog produces characteristic s-shape
• Rather than applying ad-hoc correction, use a log weight:
i i
ii E
EWW log0
W0 ~ smallest fractional energy to contribute to position calculation
Linear weight
Log weight W0=4.2
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 9
Position resolutionPosition resolution
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 10
Brem recoveryBrem recovery•Average brem loss (~44%) corresponds to an average thickness of 0.57 X0
•Need a brem recovery strategy in ECAL •Cluster composite ECAL objects according to some criterion– E.g. energy deposition from brem
well aligned in • Use narrow window• Collect clusters along
• Produces a SuperCluster – collection of ECAL clusters
• Removes large tails
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 11
Hybrid algorithmHybrid algorithm
• Use geometry of barrel crystals– Start from a seed crystal (as
for island)– Take a fixed domino of 3 or 5
crsytals in
– Search dynamically in
• In more detail:
– Start if Etseed>Et
hyb
– Make 1x3 domino
– If center of domino>Ewing
• Extend to 1x5
– Proceed Nstep in 5
– Remove dominoes below Ethresh
– Disconnected domino preclusters with E>Eseedare then reclustered in (producing a SuperCluster)
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 12
Optimize Hybrid PerformanceOptimize Hybrid Performance
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 13
Energy ScaleEnergy Scale•Energy is estimated by the sum of energy deposits•Emeas/Etrue gaussian+tail, peaking at <1– Incomplete containment– Unrecovered brem•Set the energy scale such that the gaussian peak falls at 1– Parameterize corrections as a
function of the number of crystals included in the cluster
– E.g. for hybrid (barrel) clusters
Electrons 10-50 GeV
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 14
Energy scale performance IEnergy scale performance I• In the barrel, with hybrid clusters:
– No Pt dependence
– Small residual dependence
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 15
Energy resolutionEnergy resolution• Effective width is defined as the half-width containing 68.3% of the
distribution• Performance on unconverted photons (using fixed window):
eff/E ~ 0.9 %
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 16
Preshower matchingPreshower matching
• Endcap SuperCluster • extrapolate components to
Preshower • search PS cluster in narrow road
around extrapolated point• correct component energy• Recalc SuperCluster energy
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 17
Pixel Matching (level “2.5”)Pixel Matching (level “2.5”)
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 18
e/e/ Level 2.5 Level 2.5
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 19
e/e/ Triggers Triggers
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 20
Pixel “tracklet”
Cluster
Electron TracksElectron Tracks
• Use “standard” tracking with pixel seeds from matching “Level 2” clusters– Fast (few tracks to
reconstruct)– In the spirit of “regional”
reconstruction
• Special e track fitter may help.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 21
Electron Position Matching in Electron Position Matching in
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 22
Electron Rates and EfficiencyElectron Rates and Efficiency
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 23
HLT Algorithm TimingHLT Algorithm Timing• Time on (dual) 700 MHz P III
• Data access time (objectivity) excluded
• Optimization possible.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 24
June MilestonesJune Milestones
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 25
Tracking Photon ConversionsTracking Photon Conversions
Efficiency still low due to seedsEfficiency still low due to seeds
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 26
Callibration with WCallibration with Wee
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 27
Background to Background to after standard cuts plus after standard cuts plus tracker and ecal isolationtracker and ecal isolation
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 28
Egamma/Jet AvailableEgamma/Jet Available
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 29
b/b/ (Tracker Group) (Tracker Group)• Many developers and much progress.
• US not involved (?).
• Software depends on CommonDet.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 30
ORCA for the Tracker
•4 subsystems:
•Tracker: geometry, hit formatting, hit loading, digitization and persistency. Let’s say: everything up to the persistent digiseverything up to the persistent digis. This is the package which has to be ready for the Monte Carlo productions.
•TrackerReco: anything which has to do with reconstructed objects: RecHits and Tracks. In principle those are not persistent, even if now tracks can be written to DB.
•Vertex: same as above, but dealing with primary and secondary vertices.
•bTauAnalysis: high level objects, like b and tau taggers. They use all the above packages.
Tracker
TrackerReco
Vertex
bTauAnalysis
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 31
Tracker
•Geometry: put some detectors in the space and call it a Tracker
•Hit Formatting: cmsim flat file to Persistent DB structure
•Hit Loading: read back the last
•Digitizing: simulate the electronics attached to the sensors, and apply filters to reduce the data volume.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 32
Geometry
The number of hits a charged track can leave is always > 10, considered enough to allow an efficient tracking and a reasonable combinatorial overhead.
Number of Si hits excluding pixelsNumber of Si hits excluding pixels
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 33
Digitization
•New and more reliable (from real tests in Karlsruhe) treatment of the Lorentz angle in silicon, as a function of bias, irradiation etc.
•Not yet implemented for pixels, where the modeling is more difficult (after irradiation, the depletion will not be complete…); wait for the optimization workshop
Code in ORCA can be adapted via configurables to any•Irradiation conditions•Temperature•V bias•Etc…
Lorentz angle very important for hit resolution:
•Silicon: tan(L) = 0.12 (~6° at 4T)
•Pixel: tan (L) = 0.53 (~28° at 4T)
Silico
n
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 34
RecHit Resolution
Versus rVersus r Versus zVersus z
Mean errorMean error
RMSRMS
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 35
Seed Generation
In this step a first approximation of a track is constructed using some supposed clean information.
You can think about different types of seeds:
•Take any two silicon/pixel layers and fit a helix with each pair of hits fulfilling some conditions
•Use the 2/3 pixel layers
•Have a seed from outside (for example muons + beam spot or calorimeters)
•Seed generation affects efficiency and timing greatly.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 36
Available Seed Generators
•Currently available:
•CombinatorialSeedGeneratorFromPixel: the standard one
•SeedFromConsecutiveHits: takes 2 consecutive layers and uses the hits to build a seed
•SeedFromSeparatedHits: even more difficult!
•SeedGeneratorFromSimTrack: a MC based seed generator with 100% efficiency. Useful for tests.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 37
Pixel Inefficiencies
Different staging/Lumi scenarios
L = 21033 L = 1034
Expected Inefficiencies at
1/2/10 1034
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 38
Seeding with Pixel + Silicon
Hence, work has started to produce seeds from pixels + the first layer of microstrips.
Remember that it is 20 cm away from the IP, so you expect a huge number of compatible RecHits and thus a combinatorial explosion.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 39
Seeds from Pixel + Silicon
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 40
New Propagator
•AnalyticalPropagator: a new implementation in ORCA 6. Better protected against numerical problems, more precise and as fast as the Gtf. TO BECOME THE STANDARD SOON!!!!
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 41
Trajectory Cleaning
Since the generation of trajectories from the seeds is not one-to-one, we can in the end have two or more different trajectories sharing a great fraction of the hits and thus are not compatible.
Such ambiguities are resolved by the trajectory cleaner, which identifies mutually exclusive subsets and chooses one trajectory per subset.
It works by iterating over the input trajectories, finding for each Trajectory all the others which share more than a given number of hits with it, and then choosing the best trajectory in the set, where best is based on the chi2 of the fit.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 42
Trajectory Smoothing
Since the trajectory building starts with a seed, typically close to the beam spot, and propagates to the outer barrel. In this way, the last fit is done when reaching the end and there all the information is available. Close to the start, where (by the way!) we are usually more interested in the track parameters, we have initial information.
A smoothing algorithm guarantees an uniform and optimal set of parameters everywhere. In this stage, no new hits are allowed, but some hits might be dropped if found not compatible wrt to the full information.
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 43
Performances
No 2-pixels!
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 44
Track Parameter ResolutionTrack Parameter Resolution
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 45
OFFLINE
HLT
B tagging in HLT
We can trigger on b-jets on the online farm with performances similar to those we obtain offline!
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 46
TimingTiming• • Pixel Readout: PixelReconstruction::doIt• • Seed Generator: PixelSelectiveSeeds::seeds [<
5%]• • Trajectory Builder:• CombinatorialTrajectoryBuilder::trajectories [>80%]• • Trajectory Smoother:• KalmanTrajectorySmoother::trajectories [<10%]• • Trajectory Cleaner:• TrajectoryCleanerBySharedHits::clean [~ 1%]• • Trajectory Builder: CombinatorialTrajectoryBuilder• [ModularKFReconstructor::reco]• • Tagging: BTaggingAlgorithmByTrackCounting::isB
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 47
TimingTiming
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 48
Tracker MaterialTracker Material
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 49
Detailed Description Detailed Description
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 50
Pixel GeometryPixel Geometry
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 51
Total Tracker MaterialTotal Tracker Material
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USCMS May 2002 Jim Branson 52
Total Tracker Absorption LengthsTotal Tracker Absorption Lengths
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Alignment Studies Alignment Studies • Alignment Tools: they work
– one can still add functionality
• Mis-Alignment studies:– reconstruction is uncritical up to even 1mm/1mrad
misalignment (10 times more than survey/laser-alignment accuracy)
• Trigger ?
• update documentation (done), Note (preparation)
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SummarySummary• CMS is making good progress on software and
HLT studies in both e/gamma and b/tau.
• Current production to meet June milestones: still ambitious,
• US role in these groups is small so far.