use of oie standards for international trade content of...

Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain

Use of OIE standards

for international trade

Official status – self declaration disease status

Common definitions

International prescribed tests

Import requirements (into EU)

Export to non-EU countries

Content of the presentation

Pierre Naassens, CVO Belgium 19/02/2014

REGIONAL SEMINAR FOR RECENTLY APPOINTED OIE DELEGATES

BRUSSELS / BELGIUM FEBRUARY 2014


Official recognized disease status

• Official disease status - certificate

• Mai, 2012: Belgium received the

« OIE negligible risk status for BSE »

– International signal

– Used as a basis of trust to start

negotiations on the export of:

• Veal meat to Japan

• Bovine meat to South Africa

– Helps to open the export markets • Unfortunaly, sometimes it is still not accepted by the importing party and all

documents that have led to this status are requested again


Self declaration disease status

• Self declaration disease status

• Mai 24, 2013: Belgium declared itself

« Free of bluetongue »

– Information from official authorities

– Available worldwide

– Basis to sign certificates

– Basis to renegotiate


Common definitions

Common interpretation

• Names of diseases

– Diseases are clearly defined in the terrestrial code

and manual

– Translation of the names are available

Terrestrial Animal Health Code


Common definitions


– Clear definition of the concerned population

For example “Newcastle disease” Poultry is defined as ‘all domesticated birds, including backyard poultry, used for the production of

meat or eggs for consumption, for the production of other commercial products, for restocking

supplies of game, or for breeding these categories of birds, as well as fighting cocks used for any

purpose’.

Birds that are kept in captivity for any reason other than those reasons referred to in the preceding

paragraph, including those that are kept for shows, races, exhibitions, competitions, or for breeding or

selling these categories of birds as well as pet birds, are not considered to be poultry.



Common definitions


• status “Officially free”

– Since 1998, the OIE has the mandate from the

WTO to officially recognise disease-free areas of

countries for trade purposes (6 diseases).

– Procedure for official recognition of status for: • Rinderpest (eradicated)

• Foot and mouth disease

• Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia

• African horse sickness

• Bovine spongiform encephalopathy

• Peste de petits ruminants (from 2014)



Common definitions


• “Officially free”

– Information on the definition of official free status

in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code for (e.g.): • Country or zone free from bovine tuberculosis, Compartment free from

bovine tuberculosis, Herd free from bovine tuberculosis

• Country or zone free from bovine brucellosis, Herd officially free from

bovine brucellosis, Herd free from bovine brucellosis




• List of tests for international trade

• Used for negotiations

• For example: “Export of live horses”

– Horses must be tested for “contagious

equine metritis” according to OIE

Manual of Diagnostic Tests and

Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals



• OIE Reference Laboratories

• Standardized test

• ISO-methods

• Test methodology clearly described

– Reliable tests

– No discussion necessary

Manual of Diagnostic Tests and

Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals


Import requirements

Determine import requirements of live

animals in the European Union:

– Test methods of OIE • Classical Swine Fever

• Salmonella

• Avian influenza

– Quarantine prescriptions • Apes


Legislation of the importing country:

– Notifiable diseases differ

– Stricter legislation on own population that OIE

standards

– Strict surveillance program present

– …

Import conditions differ from OIE

conditions

Information on disease status

on OIE website (WAHID)

Import requirements


Export requirements

(EU to non-EU Countries)

Negotiate on export requirements

• Sometimes export can be done based on OIE

rules

– For example “Export of horse semen” • No requirements for “Borna Disease” are mentioned in the OIE

“Animal Terrestrial Health Code”

• The importing country accepted to delete this requirement

during negotiations


Negotiate on requirements

• Sometimes OIE- standards are used during

negotations to define requirements but not

followed:

– For example “Export of bovine semen” • The following condition is required by the importing country:

“semen collection centre should be located in areas included in

a national surveillance program conducted in accordance with

OIE guidelines for prevention, control and eradication of Bovine

Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) and Bluetongue”

Export requirements




• Sometimes OIE is used during negotations

and to define requirements but not followed:

– For example “Export of bovine semen” • Whereas OIE indicates that

– When authorizing import or transit of the following commodities and any

products made from these commodities and containing no other tissues

from cattle, Veterinary Authorities should not require any BSE related

conditions, regardless of the BSE risk status of the cattle population of the

exporting country, zone or compartment:

» semen and in vivo derived cattle embryos collected and handled in

accordance with the recommendations of the International Embryo

Transfer Society;

Export requirements




• Sometimes OIE is clear but the importing

party withholds the permission to follow OIE:

– For example “Export of horses” • Horses must be tested for West Nile Fever and may not be

vaccinated

• whereas OIE indicates that

– “Member Countries should not impose trade restrictions on

dead-end hosts such as horses”

Export requirements




• Sometimes OIE is clear but the importing

party withholds the permission to follow OIE:

– For example “Export of poultry meat”

Export requirements





– Request:

There should have been no outbreaks of fowl cholera, pullorum,

fowl typhoid, Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD), Marek’s Disease,

Duck Virus hepatitis (only for duck meat), Duck Virus enteritis (only

for duck meat), Newcastle Disease (lentogenic ND) and other

serious infectious diseases of poultry during the past 12(twelve)

months at the poultry farm of origin. There should have been no

isolation of Salmonella enteritidis (phage type 4) during the past

12(twelve) months at the poultry farm of origin.

Export requirements





– Defense:

In Belgium, only Fowl cholera, Marek's disease and Newcastle Disease are

notifiable diseases for poultry intended for slaughter.

Also the Terrestrial Animal Health Code 2006 has in his health standards no

animal health certification requirements for poultry meat and poultry

products in relation to:

Fowl cholera in Chapter 2.7.11.; Fowl typhoid and Pullorum disease in Chapter 2.7.5.; Infectious Bursal Disease

(IBD, Gumboro Disease) in Chapter 2.7.1.; Marek’s disease in Chapter 2.7.2.; Duck Virus Hepatitis in Chapter

2.7.9.; Duck Virus Enteritis in Chapter 2.7.10.

Export requirements

(to non-EU Countries)




– Proposal :

Therefore the FASFC proposes, in order to bring this point 3 also in line with

article 2, point 2, to change and clarify the first sentence, as follows:

“There should have been no outbreaks of fowl cholera, pullorum, fowl

typhoid, Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD), Marek’s Disease, Duck Virus

hepatitis (only for duck meat), Duck Virus enteritis (only for duck meat),

Newcastle Disease (lentogenic ND) and other serious infectious diseases of

poultry, placing the poultry farm of origin under animal health restrictions,

during the past 12(twelve) 2(two) months at the poultry farm of origin.”

Export requirements

(to non-EU Countries)




– Reaction non-EU country :

We understand Belgium’s point. However, as this article is part of the

standard agreements we have with all the other countries, it would not be

fair for the other exporters to change this.

Moreover, the domestic market is also submitted to all the above mentioned

restrictions. This would give Belgian exporters an unfair advantage over the

domestic producers as well.

Export requirements




• Sometimes OIE leaves room for discussion:

– For example “PRRS requirements” • In the past, there has been a chapter in the OIE “Terrestrial

Animal Health Code”.

– Only requirements for ‘porcine semen’ were mentioned, no

requirements for pork were mentioned.

– At this moment, there is no chapter on PRRS in the

Terrestrial Animal Health Code.

– The report of the OIE ad hoc group on PRRS does not set

clear lines.

Export requirements



Almost unlimited use !

• Official disease status of other countries

– Information on the disease status of the importing

country

– Certifying of products derived from imported

products

• Information on emerging diseases

– For example “Schmallenbergvirus”

– Related to interruption of trade

• …


Thank you for your attention

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