use of r to create factorial surveys for leisure program planning: description, demonstration and...
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Use of R to create factorial surveys for leisure program planning: Description, demonstration and details
Sheryl L. Chatfield
The University of South Alabama
September 7, 2014
http://leisureresearch.weebly.com/
WHAT IS R?A LANGUAGE AND ENVIRONMENT FOR STATISTICAL COMPUTING AND GRAPHICS
FREE
MULTIPLATFORM
EXTENSIBLE VIA PACKAGES
(GRAPH FROM R DEMOS)
WHAT IS A FACTORIAL SURVEY?
Rossi & Nock (1982)
Quasi-experiment
Vignette research
Judgments, attitudes, decision-making, intentions
When wemake a deci-
sion…
We usually consider more than one factor
USING FS IN RESEARCHDesign elements
Dimensions and levels
Orthogonal
Random selection of levels
Scoring to assess weights
Multiple vignettes per participant
Examples• Leisure and recreation: Shooter, Paisley
and Sibthorp (2012); Shooter and Galloway (2010)
• Clinical decision-making: Ludwick & Zeller, 2001; Müller-Engelmann et al., 2013)
• Readiness for assisted living: Caro et al, 2011
• Interventions and program planning (Hennessey and colleagues, 1995; 2002; Chatfield unpublished dissertation 2014)
TECHNOLOGY
R!
Frequency Duration Time Activity Group Size
Childcare
1 Time Per week
1 hour Weekday
Evenings
Kick Boxing
8 to 10
None
2 Times Per Week
90 minutes
Weekday
Mornings
Yoga 18-20 Center provide
s childca
re3 Times
Per Week45
minutesWeekday
s at midday
Pilates 25 or more
Weekend
Mornings
Pilates and Kick
Boxing
Jamie is considering enrolling in some programming offered by the local leisure services provider.
Jamie is considering enrolling in some programming offered by the local leisure services provider. Jamie will be attending an exercise class two times per week. The class meets for 90 minutes. The class meets on weekday evenings. The class will have 18-20 participants. The activity is Pilates once per week and kick-boxing once per week. The center provides childcare during the classes. How likely to you think Jamie will be to enroll in this program? Please assign a score between 0, with 0 meaning not at all likely, and 100, which means you think it is extremely likely that Jamie will enroll in this program. You may place your mark anywhere on the line.
0__|__|__|__|__25__|__|__|__|__50__|__|__|__|__75__|__|__|__|__100
R code for creating groups of string or text items
R code to draw random samples and write to a spreadsheet
Delete the first column
Creating a mail merge form letter with Word
Previewing the surveys
Save the workbook as a CSV (comma separated values) file
CONSIDERATIONS
Inclusion of open response or qualitative items
Selecting dimensions
Statistical analysis
nlme, lme4
Participant 1
Vignette 1
Vignette 2
Vignette 3
Participant 2
Vignette 1
Vignette 2
Vignette 3
Rossi, P.H., & Anderson, A. B. (1982). The factorial survey approach: an introduction. In P.H. Rossi & S.L. Nock (eds), Measuring social judgments: the factorial survey approach. Beverly Hills (CA): Sage.
Shooter, W., Paisley, K., & Sibthorp, J. (2012). Fostering trust in outdoor leaders: The role of personal attributes. Journal of Experiential Education, 35, 222- 237. doi; 10.117/105382591203500102.
Shooter W, Galloway S. (2010). The use of factorial surveys in leisure research. Leisure Research, 42(4), 641-52.
Hennessy, M, MacQueen, K.M., & Seals, B. (1995). Using factorial surveys for designing intervention programs. Evaluation Review,19(3),294-312.
Ludwick, R. 7 Zeller, R.A. The factorial survey: An experimental method to replicate real world problems. Nursing Research, 50(2), 129-133.
Muller-Engelmann, M., Donner-Banzhoff, N., Keller, H., Rosinger, L., Sauer, C., Rehfeldt, K., & Krones, T. (2013). When decisions should be shared: a study of social norms in medical decision making using a factorial survey approach. Medical Decision Making, 33(1), 37-47. DOI:10.1177/0272989X12458159.
R Core team (2013). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. http://www.R-project.org/.
Hennessy, M., Williams, S.P., Mercier, M.M., & Malotte, C.K. (2002). Designing partner-notification programs to maximize client participation: a factorial survey approach. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 29(2), 92-99.
Chatfield, S.L. (2014) Development of a physical activity intervention targeted at middle-aged males: A mixed methods study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation. The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi, USA.
References
