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Operating Systems

and the

GUI Environment

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Welcome to the Operating System & Welcome to the Operating System & GUI Training ModuleGUI Training Module

In this module, you will learn about In this module, you will learn about operating systems and the graphical operating systems and the graphical user interface or GUI. These concepts user interface or GUI. These concepts are used throughout the computer are used throughout the computer industry.industry.

  

ObjectivesObjectives

Learners should be able to:Learners should be able to:

1.1. Recognize the most popular Recognize the most popular Operating Systems and describe Operating Systems and describe their characteristicstheir characteristics..

2.2. Give a brief history of the Give a brief history of the development of Operating Systems.development of Operating Systems.

3.3. Describe the role of Operating Describe the role of Operating Systems in Technology .Systems in Technology .

Objectives continuedObjectives continued

4. Perform basic GUI tasks and skills 4. Perform basic GUI tasks and skills including, but not limited to:including, but not limited to:

Starting ProgramsStarting Programs HighlightingHighlighting

Drag and DropDrag and Drop Left & Right Left & Right ClickClick

Double ClickDouble Click File File ManagementManagement

SKILLS CHECKLISTSKILLS CHECKLIST

1.1. Throughout the presentation will Throughout the presentation will be CHALLENGE ACTIVITIES.be CHALLENGE ACTIVITIES.

2.2. When you see the icon, be When you see the icon, be ready to complete the Challenge ready to complete the Challenge Activities.Activities.    

3. These activities will be added to 3. These activities will be added to your portfolio upon completion of your portfolio upon completion of this Training Module.this Training Module.

What is a GUI?What is a GUI?

Pronounced “gooey.”Pronounced “gooey.”

Invented by Doug Englehart at Invented by Doug Englehart at StanfordStanford Research Institute (SRI) during Research Institute (SRI) during the early 1960's.the early 1960's.

Applied to computers iApplied to computers in 1973 by n 1973 by researchers at Xerox Palo Alto Research researchers at Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC).Center (PARC).

Alto computer had the first GUI and Alto computer had the first GUI and mouse.mouse.

GUI continuedGUI continued

During the GUI development, During the GUI development, Steve Steve Jobs visited PARC and was shown this Jobs visited PARC and was shown this new technology. new technology.

Jobs then re-created the GUI and Jobs then re-created the GUI and mouse combining them into the mouse combining them into the MACINTOSH COMPUTER.MACINTOSH COMPUTER.

                               

"The Triumph of the "The Triumph of the Nerds"Nerds"

AAiredired by by PBS (Public Broadcasting PBS (Public Broadcasting Service). Service).

Was a 3 part series covering the history Was a 3 part series covering the history of theof thecomputer industry.computer industry. Included interviews with Steve Jobs and Included interviews with Steve Jobs and PARC employees.PARC employees. Fascinating to those who love history.Fascinating to those who love history.

WINDOWS WINDOWS EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

DevelopedDeveloped by by Bill Gates.Bill Gates.

Based in part on cooperative Based in part on cooperative development projects he had with Apple.development projects he had with Apple.

Apple would later threaten to sue Apple would later threaten to sue Microsoft for stealing ideas from its GUI Microsoft for stealing ideas from its GUI to create Windows.to create Windows.

OPERATING OPERATING SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

Operating systemsOperating systems are are the master the master control program that runs the computer.control program that runs the computer.

Contained on every general-purpose Contained on every general-purpose computer and runs other programs.computer and runs other programs.

Loaded when the computer is turned Loaded when the computer is turned on and resides in memory.on and resides in memory.

OS BASIC TASKSOS BASIC TASKS

Programs "talk to" the operating Programs "talk to" the operating system which:system which:

Receives input from the keyboard & Receives input from the keyboard & mouse.mouse. Sends output to the display screen.Sends output to the display screen. Keeps track of files and directories. Keeps track of files and directories. Controls peripheral devices such as Controls peripheral devices such as drives & printers.drives & printers.

OS ADVANCED TASKSOS ADVANCED TASKS

For large systems, the operating For large systems, the operating system has greater responsibilities .system has greater responsibilities .

Makes sure that different programs Makes sure that different programs running simultaneously do not interfere running simultaneously do not interfere with each other.with each other.

Is responsible for Is responsible for security security , ensuring , ensuring that unauthorized users do not access that unauthorized users do not access the system. the system.

OS CHARACTERISTICSOS CHARACTERISTICS

1. Multi-user. 1. Multi-user.

2. Multi-processing.2. Multi-processing.

3. Multi-tasking. 3. Multi-tasking.

MULTI-USER MULTI-USER

Provides a shell or interface for Provides a shell or interface for interaction between the user and the interaction between the user and the operating system.operating system.

Allows two or more users to run Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time--up to 100s programs at the same time--up to 100s or 1,000s of concurrent users.or 1,000s of concurrent users.

MULTI-PROCESSINGMULTI-PROCESSING

Supports running a program on more Supports running a program on more than one CPU.than one CPU. The CPU or central processing unit is The CPU or central processing unit is the “brain” of the computer.the “brain” of the computer. Windows NT allows two processors in a Windows NT allows two processors in a workstation & 4 or more in a server.workstation & 4 or more in a server.

MULTI-TASKINGMULTI-TASKING

Allows more than one program to run Allows more than one program to run concurrently.concurrently.

Controls through task management the Controls through task management the simultaneous execution of programs.simultaneous execution of programs.

Desktop OS vs. Network Desktop OS vs. Network OS OS Main difference is multi-user capability. Main difference is multi-user capability. Operating systems (such asOperating systems (such as DOS) are DOS) are single user, designed for one person at a single user, designed for one person at a desktop computer. desktop computer. Novell, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Novell, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Linux and UNIX are network operating Linux and UNIX are network operating systems designed to manage multiple systems designed to manage multiple user requests at the same time.user requests at the same time.

DOSDOS

APPLEAPPLE

OS2OS2

TYPES OF OSTYPES OF OS

WINDOWSWINDOWS

UNIX UNIX

DOSDOS

Acronym for Acronym for disk operating systemdisk operating system. .

Is most often used as a shorthand for Is most often used as a shorthand for MS-DOS MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System).(Microsoft Disk Operating System).

Developed for IBM, MS-DOS was the Developed for IBM, MS-DOS was the standard OS for IBM-compatible standard OS for IBM-compatible personal computers.personal computers.

Does not support multiple users, Does not support multiple users, multitasking or networking.multitasking or networking.

APPLE

Developed early Graphical User Developed early Graphical User Interface (GUI). Interface (GUI).

Introduced in 1983 on its Lisa computer. Introduced in 1983 on its Lisa computer.

Established as the Macintosh GUI.Established as the Macintosh GUI.

Its influence can be found in other Its influence can be found in other operating systems, such as Microsoft operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows.Windows.

Is only approximately Is only approximately 10% of the 10% of the market.market.

WINDOWSWINDOWS

Has become the standard operating Has become the standard operating system for personal computers.system for personal computers.

Dominates the personal computer Dominates the personal computer world; estimated to run on 90% of all PCs.world; estimated to run on 90% of all PCs.

Provides a multi-tasking, networking Provides a multi-tasking, networking capability and support for peripheral capability and support for peripheral devices.devices.

Includes 95/98, NT, 2000 & XP.Includes 95/98, NT, 2000 & XP.

WINDOWS INTERACTIONWINDOWS INTERACTION

User enters commands by pointing and User enters commands by pointing and clicking at objects/icons.clicking at objects/icons.

Results in the commands being sent to Results in the commands being sent to processor for execution.processor for execution.

Windows can be networked and can Windows can be networked and can multi-task.multi-task.

UNIXUNIX

Pronounced Pronounced yoo-niksyoo-niks,, a popular a popular multi-multi-useruser, , multi-taskingmulti-tasking operating system. operating system.

Developed at Bell Labs in the early Developed at Bell Labs in the early 1970s.1970s.

Created by programmers and used Created by programmers and used mostly by programmers.mostly by programmers.

UNIX continuedUNIX continued

Does not have a user-friendly reputation.Does not have a user-friendly reputation.

Changing, however, with graphical user Changing, however, with graphical user interfaces such as MOTIF.interfaces such as MOTIF.

Due to its flexibility, and power, it’s Due to its flexibility, and power, it’s becoming a more popular OS for becoming a more popular OS for workstations.workstations.

Undergoing a revitalization as Linux.Undergoing a revitalization as Linux.

OS2OS2

Developed Microsoft and IBM, but sold Developed Microsoft and IBM, but sold and managed solely by IBM. and managed solely by IBM.

Is compatible with DOS and Windows.Is compatible with DOS and Windows.

Programs written specifically to run Programs written specifically to run under OS/2 will not run under DOS or under OS/2 will not run under DOS or Windows.Windows.

OS2 continuedOS2 continued

Hampered by a number of technical and Hampered by a number of technical and marketing problems.marketing problems.

Abandoned by Microsoft in favor of its Abandoned by Microsoft in favor of its own operating system solution, Microsoft own operating system solution, Microsoft Windows.Windows.

Spawned a feud between the two Spawned a feud between the two computer giants that is still being played computer giants that is still being played out in many arenas.out in many arenas.

MOUSE USE WITH A MOUSE USE WITH A GUIGUI

The pointing device that is used in The pointing device that is used in Windows is called a mouse. The Windows is called a mouse. The primary primary mouse buttonmouse button is the left mouse button. is the left mouse button. The The secondary mouse buttonsecondary mouse button is the right is the right mouse button. mouse button.

Users employ the mouse to point, click, Users employ the mouse to point, click, right-click, double-click, and drag. right-click, double-click, and drag.

MOUSE USE WITH MOUSE USE WITH A GUIA GUI

Point means to move the mouse until Point means to move the mouse until the mouse pointer rests an item on the the mouse pointer rests an item on the desktop.desktop.

Click means to press and release the Click means to press and release the primary mouse button primary mouse button (left).(left).

BASIC WINDOWS BASIC WINDOWS SKILLSSKILLS

The next several slides are WINDOWSThe next several slides are WINDOWS screens. screens. They present examples of Windows They present examples of Windows skills that all users should strive to skills that all users should strive to master.master.

WINDOWSWINDOWS

Point here to begin.

Click on the Start Button.

WINDOWSWINDOWS

You will see this menu, called the START menu, which is a list of commands directing WINDOWS to perform.

Run, Log Off, Shut Downare followed by an ellipsis (…) which indicates more information is required to execute these commands.

These right arrows show the command will open a Submenu.

Icons

WINDOWSWINDOWS

Programs Submenu

Programs command highlighted

MorePrograms Submenu

WINDOWSWINDOWS

Short-Cut Menu

Desktop Control MenuDesktop Control Menu

Right-Click your mouse buttonto get this menu.

1

1. Scroll down to properties.

2. Click ONE time with your left mouse button.

1. Select your background here.

2. Then click OK.

1. Select your screen saver here.

2. Then click OK.

Double-clicking a Double-clicking a Window Window

Point to the MY COMPUTER Icon, then Point to the MY COMPUTER Icon, then double-click by quickly pressing and double-click by quickly pressing and releasing the left mouse button twice releasing the left mouse button twice without moving the mouse.without moving the mouse.

The MY COMPUTER window will open.The MY COMPUTER window will open.

My Computer Icon Minimize

Button

Maximize Button

Close Window Button

Minimized My Computer

Click one time here to reopen this WINDOW

TASKBAR

Maximize Button

Active Window

MY COMPUTER INFO

Shows the drives & devices on your Shows the drives & devices on your system.system.

Indicates mapped network drives.Indicates mapped network drives.

Install, delete and configure printers.Install, delete and configure printers.

Allows user to set parameters for Allows user to set parameters for displays, backgrounds, etc.displays, backgrounds, etc.

Provides interface for control of Provides interface for control of computer. environment & computer. environment & installing/removing programs.installing/removing programs.

Folders Icons & Titles

Hardware on the Computer

Networks Attached to

CONTROL CONTROL PANELPANEL INFO INFO

3. Double-Click on the Control Panel Folder. This will open another WINDOW.

ADD/REMOVE ADD/REMOVE PROGRAMSPROGRAMS

Use the “Add/Remove”when installing & uninstalling programs.

Expanded Control Panel shows options for setting environment and control-ling computer devices and settings. Click the icon to activate options for various areas.

1. Point to the My Computer Title Bar (Blue)

TO DRAG OR MOVE A TO DRAG OR MOVE A WINDOWWINDOW

2. Click ONCE and hold down the left mouse button.

TO DRAG OR MOVE A TO DRAG OR MOVE A WINDOWWINDOW

3. Push until you have moved the WINDOW to the location on the Desktop you wanted and THEN release the left mouse button.

1. Point to the EDGE of the window until a double-sided arrow appears.

TO RESIZE A TO RESIZE A WINDOWWINDOW

TO RESIZE A TO RESIZE A WINDOWWINDOW

HINT: If you lose the double-sided arrow, START START OVER.OVER.

2. Click ONE Time and hold down the left mouse button.

3. Push until you get the size WINDOW you want and THEN release the left mouse button.

TO RESIZE A TO RESIZE A WINDOWWINDOW

If Window is smaller, you need to “scroll” to see everything.

RESIZING A WINDOWRESIZING A WINDOW SMALLERSMALLER

UP Scroll Arrow

DOWN Scroll Arrow

HORIZONTAL SCROLL BAR

SCROLL BAR

MULTI-TASKING

Is used to work multiple tasks within the Is used to work multiple tasks within the same program or with multiple programs same program or with multiple programs simultaneously.simultaneously.

Allows user to have more than one active Allows user to have more than one active window open on desktop to perform window open on desktop to perform multiple tasks.multiple tasks.

WINDOWSWINDOWS

Point here to begin and Click on the StartButton.

MULTI-TASKING

WINDOWSWINDOWS

Scroll (Point) up to Programs.

1. Scroll or Point over to Microsoft Word.

2. Click ONE time with your left mouse button.

Now that word is open, mini-mize it. When it minimizes to the task bar….it is still open and functioning.

WINDOWSWINDOWS

Scroll (Point) up to Programs.

1. Scroll or Point to Accessories.

2. A submenu will open.

3. Scroll down to CalculatorCalculator.

4. Click ONE time with your left mouse button.

1. Scroll or Point to Accessories.

2. A submenu will open.

3. Scroll down to CalculatorCalculator.

4. Click ONE time with your left mouse button.

Now calculator is open, word is minimized and you can toggle between them or have both open on your desktop at the same time. You are multi-tasking!

TO OPEN PROGRAMS TO OPEN PROGRAMS USING USING

SHORTCUT ICONS ON SHORTCUT ICONS ON THE DESKTOPTHE DESKTOP

To open INTERNET EXPLORER, double-click the left mouse button on this shortcut icon.

USING WINDOWS USING WINDOWS EXPLOREREXPLORER

Is an application program that allows Is an application program that allows the user to view the contents of the the user to view the contents of the computer. computer.

Shows the hierarchy of folders on the Shows the hierarchy of folders on the computer, and the files in each folder.computer, and the files in each folder.

Allows the user to organize files and Allows the user to organize files and folders on the computer by copying & folders on the computer by copying & moving them. moving them.

1. To open WINDOWS EXPLORER right click on MYCOMPUTER.

2. Scroll down to EXPLORE.

3. Left click ONE time.

A minus sign indicates that that folder has been expanded to show what is in the folder.

A plus sign indicates that that folder has not been expanded to show what is in the folder.

What is in the folder shows up on the right side of the window. Files can be managed from explorer.

1. Click on C.2. These are the

files and folders on your HARD DRIVE.

3. Click on MY DOCUMENTS.

1. These are the files and folders in My Documents.

2. There are 2 Powerpoint files.

3. There are 2 Word files.

4. There is 1 Excel file.

Drag and DropDrag and Drop

Click and hold the left mouse button on Click and hold the left mouse button on the object you wish to copy.the object you wish to copy.

Still holding the button, drag (pull) the Still holding the button, drag (pull) the mouse to the area you wish to place the mouse to the area you wish to place the object.object.

Let go of the button and mouse.Let go of the button and mouse.

Drag

Let go of the mouse button

And “drop” the graphic here.

HighlightingHighlighting

Click and hold the left mouse button Click and hold the left mouse button next to the text you want to change. next to the text you want to change.

Drag across the text “highlighting” as Drag across the text “highlighting” as you go. Now you can:you go. Now you can:

Change the font—another font, bold, Change the font—another font, bold, underline, color highlight,…underline, color highlight,…

Check the spelling, cut or copy.Check the spelling, cut or copy.

Right ClickRight Click

Click on the right mouse button.Click on the right mouse button.

A drop down menu will appear.A drop down menu will appear.

TO SHUT DOWN TO SHUT DOWN COMPUTERCOMPUTER

1. Point here to OPEN the Menu.

2. Click on the Start Button.

1. Scroll up to Shut Down.

2. Click ONE time.

1. Click on Shut Down.

2. Click OK

1. Click on Restart if you want to restart the computer.

2. Click OK

RESOURCES ON THE RESOURCES ON THE WEBWEB

Getting Your Work Done in Windows http://www.microsoft.com/windows98/usingwindows/work/default.asp

Webopedia http://webopedia.internet.com/Communications/Multiplexing/multiplexing.html

Cool Doctor Computer Dictionary http://www.cooldoctor.com/computer/dict/

Having Fun with Windows http://www.microsoft.com/windows98/usingwindows/fun/default.asp

Smart Computing in Plain English http://www.smartcomputing.com/

TRUE - FALSE

1.1. Click means press the right mouse button.Click means press the right mouse button.

2.2. Double-clicking the My Computer icon on the Double-clicking the My Computer icon on the desktop opens a window.desktop opens a window.

3.3. You can maximize a window by dragging the You can maximize a window by dragging the title bar of the window.title bar of the window.

4.4. Windows Explorer is an application you can Windows Explorer is an application you can use to organize and work with the files and use to organize and work with the files and folders on the computer.folders on the computer.

5.5. Double-clicking the My Computer is the Double-clicking the My Computer is the BEST way to open Windows Explorer.BEST way to open Windows Explorer.

Skills Mastery QuizSkills Mastery Quiz

6. A shortcut menu opens when you _____ a(n) 6. A shortcut menu opens when you _____ a(n) ________.________.a.a. Right-click, objectRight-click, objectb.b. Click, menu name on the menu barClick, menu name on the menu barc.c. Click, submenuClick, submenud.d. Click, recessed button in the taskbar button areaClick, recessed button in the taskbar button area

7. A dark blue title bar and a recessed button in the 7. A dark blue title bar and a recessed button in the taskbar button area indicate a window is _______.taskbar button area indicate a window is _______.a.a. InactiveInactive c. Closedc. Closedb.b. MinimizedMinimized d. Actived. Active

8. _______ is holding down the right mouse button, 8. _______ is holding down the right mouse button, moving an item to a location, and then releasing the moving an item to a location, and then releasing the right mouse button.right mouse button.a. a. Double-clickingDouble-clicking c. Right-draggingc. Right-draggingb.b. Right-clicking Right-clicking d. Pointing d. Pointing

Skills Mastery QuizSkills Mastery Quiz

Skills Mastery QuizSkills Mastery Quiz

8. Text that is underlined in a browser window is called 8. Text that is underlined in a browser window is called a (n) __________.a (n) __________.a.a. Uniform resource locatorUniform resource locatorb.b. hyperlinkhyperlinkc.c. Hypertext documentHypertext documentd.d. Web pageWeb page

9. To shut down Windows 98, _________9. To shut down Windows 98, _________a.a. Click the Start button, click Shut Down, and click Click the Start button, click Shut Down, and click

the OK buttonthe OK buttonb.b. Click File on the menu bar and then click Shut Click File on the menu bar and then click Shut

DownDownc.c. Right-click the taskbar, click Shut Down on the Right-click the taskbar, click Shut Down on the

shortcut menu, and click the OK buttonshortcut menu, and click the OK buttond.d. Press the F10 key and then click the OK buttonPress the F10 key and then click the OK button