UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (http://dare.uva.nl)

UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)

Community structure and habitat associations of lowland grassland birds in Nepal.

Baral, H.S.

Link to publication

Citation for published version (APA):Baral, H. S. (2001). Community structure and habitat associations of lowland grassland birds in Nepal.UvA/Cardiff University.

General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s),other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).

Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, statingyour reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Askthe Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam,The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.

Download date: 12 Jan 2021

APPENDICES S

Grasslandd BM S t a* Pro9mm19S6.19SB APPENDIX l

Regionn (CH/BD/KS/SP)

Startt Time Endd Time

Regd.. nr.

Site e

Transectt nr

1000 m stretch nr Observer r

off form

Date e

Lengthh of transect in m

Weather r

Nrr of 100 m sections covered

Habitatt description Notee any changes since last visit (or last 100 m covered), give date and number of previous form.

Soill moisture (dry/moist/wet) Extent of similar habitat

Habitatt code

Grasss type

Averagee height of grass

Estimatedd % cover

Estimatee of bare ground (%)

Phenophasee seedling/ developing/ flowering/seeding/dying/others

Presencee of emergent vegetation Closee forested area (m) Shrubss and trees (type, average height, singles or dense stands),, % of area covered

Datee of last cutting

Datee of last fire

Cattlee grazing/Wild grazing

Diggingg by animals (Bear/boar/others)

Nearestt waterbody (m) Description n

Uncutt (%)

Unbumtt (%)

Intensityy (heavy/moderate/low)

Intensityy (heavy/moderate/low)

Generall description of site

217 7

APPENDICES S

APPENDIXX 2 Grasslandd Bird Study Programme 1996-1998, Nepal

Regionn (CH/BD/KS/SP)

Date e Timee (S) Timee (E) Transectt Nr.

Onn transect lengthh (mj

Leftt (L) or nghtt (R) fromm track (m) )

Birds s Number r Grass s leight t

Behaviour r Burntt (B)/ Unburntt (U)

Remarks s

!! ' .

i i

!! ' '

:: ! ' i i

ii i : ; j

11 ! : '

!! ' :: ! 1

i i

!! ; :

11 : ;

11 ! i !

II j ! ! ! !

;; i ! ! i ;; i i

ii i i i

!! i . :

;; 1 i i 1 1

! ! i

" ii ! i ! ; ;

11 ! i

I I I ' !! \

11 1 | ! i : 11 i ; : :

:: i i i

11 1 1 i i

11 1 II 1

ii i 1 1 1 i ii ! i 1 1 1 ii 1

i i i i

[ i l l l 1 1

i i

II 1 ! 1 1 !! 1

I I

i i ! !

1 1

1 1 1 1

11 1 1 1 i i

I I

| | 1 1

! ! [ [

1 1

1 1

218 8

APPENDICES S

APPENDIXX 3

Bird ss recorded on transectt counts during lowland grasslands bird survey (1996-1998).

Birdd names follow Inskipp et al. (1996). Birds are arranged according to the four letter codes given

too them and used while recording them in the field.

Code e

acae e

acba a

acdu u

acfii i

acgi i

acst t

actr r

acvi i

aemo o

aesi i

aeti i

alat t

algu u

amam m

amap p

anca a

ance e

anco o

anho o

anos s

anrf f

ami i

anro o

ansi i

antr r

aqpo o

jj Scientific Name

\Acrocephalus aedon \Acrocephalus aedon

lAccipiterlAccipiter badius

\Acrocephalus \Acrocephalus

jj dumetorum

ii Acridotheres fuscus

\Acridotheres \Acridotheres

\ginginianus \ginginianus

ii English Name

11 Thick-billed Warbler

JShikra a

JBlyth'ss Reed- Warbler

|| Jungle Myna

11 Bank Myna

'\Acrocephalus'\Acrocephalus stentoreus j Clamorous Reed-Warbler

\Acridotheres\Acridotheres tristis

\Accipiter\Accipiter virgatus

\Aegypius\Aegypius monachw

\Aethopyga\Aethopyga siparaja

[Aegithina[Aegithina tiphia

'\Alauda'\Alauda gulgula

\Amandava amandava \Amandava amandava

|| Common Myna

iBesra a

jj Cinereous Vulture

!! Crimson Sunbird

jj Common lora

!! Oriental Skylark

IRedd Avadavat

\Amaurornisphoenicurus]\Amaurornisphoenicurus]White-breastedWhite-breasted Waterhen

\Anthus\Anthus campestris

\Anthus\Anthus cervinus

\Anthracoceros\Anthracoceros albifron.

\\ Anthus hodgsoni

\Anastomus\Anastomus oscitans

II Anthus rufulus

!! Anthus richardi

roseatus

\Anthus\Anthus similis

\\ Anthus trivialis

II Aquila pomarina

;; Tawny Pipit

jj Red-throated Pipit

jj Oriental Pied Hombill

II Olive-backed Pipit

!! Asian Openbill

II Paddyfield Pipit

11 Richard's Pipit

JRosyy Pipit

jj Long-billed Pipit

jTreee Pipit

jj Lesser Spotted Eagle

jj Family

jj Muscicapidae

jj Accipitridae

jj Muscicapidae

11 Sturnidae

jj Sturnidae

jj Muscicapidae

jj Sturnidae

jj Accipitridae

ii Accipitridae

INectariniidae e

jlrenidae e

jAlaudidae e

11 Ploceidae

jj Rallidae

11 Motacillidae

jj Motacillidae

jj Bucerotidae

ii Motacillidae

11 Ciconiidae

[Motacillidae e

jj Motacillidae

jj Motacillidae

!! Motacillidae

jj Motacillidae

jj Accipitridae

Guild d

jlnsectivore; ;

iCarnivoree 1

jlnsectivoree |

lOmnivoree !

jOmnivoree j

jlnsectivore! !

jj Omnivore j

!! Carnivore '

iCarnivoree j

INectariv.. 1

jlnsectivore! !

jOmnivoree j

jGranivoree j

jlnsectivore! !

jOmnivoree j

jOmnivoree j

jOmnivoree I

jlnsectivoree j

jMollusciv! !

ii Omnivore j

jOmnivoree j

jOmnivoree j

jOmnivoree j

JOmnivoree j

iCarnivoree !

Stat,, j

ww |

rr !

ww j

rr i

rr !

] ]

ww !

rr j

rr !

ww j

rr 1

rr j

rr 1

rr j

rr j

pmm !

pmm !

rr j

ww j

rr j

rr j

ww i

ww j

ww j

pmm |

rr !

Thr .. |

NTT j

NN |

NTT |

NN !

C--

Codee j

5 5

5 5

2 2

9 9

1 1

2 2

11 1

5 5

5 5

12 2

12 2

12 2

1 1

3 3

11 1

1 1

1 1

12 2

3 3

11 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

2 2

3 3

i i

Ht t

1 1

0 0

2 2

0 0

0 0

3 3

0 0

0 0

0 0

10 0

10 0

0 0

3 3

1 1

0 0

0 0

10 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

219 9

APPENDICES S

arfü ü

argr r

atbr r

brth h

buib b

bute e

caer r

cara a

casp p

cebe e

cebr r

cefll '

cepa a

ceru u

cesi i

chau u

chie e

chin n

chsi i

chst t

cicy y

ciep p

ciex x

ciju u

cime e

cobe e

coma a

come e

cono o

copm m

cosa a

cuce e

cumi i

cypo o

\Artamus\Artamus fuscus

\Ardeola\Ardeola grayii^

!.Athenee brama

jj Bradypterus thoracicus

\Bubulcus\Bubulcus ibis

jj Butastur teesa

II Carpodacus erythrinus

jj Calandrella Calandrella raytal

11 Carduelis spinoides

\\ Centropus bengalensis

ICettiaICettia brunnifrons

jj Cettia flavolivacea

11 Cettia pallidipes

\\ Ceryle rudis

jj Centropus sinensis

|| Chtoropsis aurifrons

II Chrysocolaptes festivus

11 Chalcophaps indica

jj Chrysomma sinense

\\ Chaetornis striatus

II Circus cyaneus

jj Ciconia episcopus

|| Cisticola exilis

jj Cisticola Cisticola juncidis

jj Circus Circus melanoleucos

ii Coracias benghalensis

!! Corvus macrorhynchos

\\ Coracina melaschistos

jj Coracina macei

jj Copsychus malabaricus

\\ Copsychus saularis

jj Culicicapa Culicicapa ceylonensis

II Cuculus micropterus

jj Cyornis Cyornis poliogenys

jAshyy Woodswallow

jj Indian Pond-Heron

jj Spotted Owlet

jj Spotted Bush-Warbler

jj Cattle Egret

jj White-eyed Buzzard

jj Common Rosefinch

jj Indian Short-toed Lark

jArtamidae e

JArdeidae e

!! Strigidae

11 Muscicapidae

jj Ardeidae

jj Accipitridae

11 Fringillidae

jj Alaudidae

jj Yellow-breasted Greenfinchl Fringillidae

jj Lesser Coucal

!! Grey-sided Bush-Warbler

II Aberrant Bush-Warbler

[[ Pale-footed Bush-Warbler

jj Pied Kingfisher

|| Greater Coucal

!! Golden-fronted Leafbird

!! White-naped Woodpecker

jj Emerald Dove

jj Yellow-eyed Babbler

jj Bristled Grassbird

II Northern Harrier

jj Woolly-necked Stork

jj Golden-headed Cisticola

jj Zitting Cisticola

jj Pied Harrier

jj Indian Roller

11 Large-billed Crow

jj Black-winged

ii Cuckooshrike

jj Large Cuckooshrike

|| White-rumped Shama

;; Oriental Magpie-Robin

jj Grey-headed Canary-

|| Flycatcher

jj Indian Cuckoo

jj Pale-chinned Blue-

11 Flycatcher

jCuculidae e

jj Muscicapidae

jj Muscicapidae

II Muscicapidae

jj Alcedinidae

ii Cuculidae

jlrenidae e

jj Picidae

jColumbidae e

!! Muscicapidae

jj Muscicapidae

II Accipitridae

jj Ciconiidae

jj Muscicapidae

|| Muscicapidae

11 Accipitridae

jj Coraciidae

!! Corvidae

jlnsectivorej j

jPiscivoree !

[Carnivoree 1

llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

jCamivoree j

jGranivoree j

llnsectivorej j

|Granivoree |

llnsectivorej j

|Insectivore| |

llnsectivorel l

|Insectivore| |

jPiscivoree j

lOmnivoree j

llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

iFrugivoree I

llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

|| Carnivore j

llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

ICarnivoree j

llnsectivorej j

lOmnivoree 1

jj Campephagidaejlnsectivorel

..[ [

jj Campephagida

jj Turdidae

!! Turdidae

jj Muscicapidae

„ j j

11 Cuculidae

jj Muscicapidae

„ ii ;.. lellnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

„, ;; 1.. llnsectivorej j

llnsectivorej j

rr 1

rr j

rr 1

ww j

rr |

rr |

ww |

rr |

ww I

ss 1

ww |

ww j

rr 1

rr j

rr I

rr I

rr 1

rr |

rr j

ss i

ww j

rr j

rr |

rr j

ww |

rr j

rr j

rr j

| „ „

rr |

rr 1

rr |

ww |

i.. . ss I

rr j

{... .

1... .

i„ . .

i... .

j . . . .

i.„ „

i... .

1... .

i... .

i„ . .

i„ . .

scc j |... .

i... .

i... .

i... .

i... .

i... .

vv |

i... i...

j . . . .

i„ . .

j . . . .

1.. .

i.. .

i „ „

i„ „

i . . .

i„ „

i... .

1„ „

i... .

7 7

9 9

55 _

2 2

1... 1... 33 _

8 8

1 1

8 8

1 1

2 2

2 2

1 1

12 2

3 3

12 2

.1?... . 12 2

1 1

1 1

5 5

5 5

1 1

1 1

5 5

3 3

11 1

11 1

12 2

12 2

9 9

12 2

12 2

12 2

!! o

11 .?„. || 0

jj 2

|| 0

!! ° 11 4

11 ° || 4

11 2

11 4

11 4

|| 3

[[ 10

|| 2

jj 10

|| 10

11 ° || 3

jj <i3_i

11 0

11 0

jj 2

11 2 || 0

jj 0 .

ii o

jj 10

.4 4 || 10

11 io

jj o

|| 10

„ 4 4 || 10

|| 10

220 0

APPENDICES S

deca a jj Dendrocopos

II canicapillus

II Grey-capped Woodpecker IPicidae Ilnsectivorel l 122 ! 10

demaa j Dendrocopos macei macei jj Fulvous-breasted

jj Woodpecker

jj Picidae jlnsectivorej j 122 j 10

denaa [Dendrocopos nanus jj Brown-capped

|| Woodpecker

IPicidae e Ilnsectivorel l 122 ! 10

devaa j Dendrocitta vagabunda j Rufous Treepie j Corvidae

diagg I Dicaeum agile I Thick-billed Flowerpecker j Dicaeidae

jOmnivoree j -

iNectariv.. I

122 j 0

122 I 10

diann '\Dicrurus annectans j Crow-billed Drongo JDicruridae jlnsectivorej r ii i

dibee IDinopium benghalense I Black-rumped Flameback j Picidae jlnsectivorej r

122 | 10

122 I 10

dicaa \Dicmrus caerulescens j White-bellied Drongo JDicruridae jlnsectivorej jj i

dihoo IDicrurus hottentottus j Hair-crested Drongo JDicruridae jlnsectivorej

111 j 10 . . . . . . . . ..

122 I 10

dilee '-Dicrwus leucophaeus I Ashy Drongo JDicruridae jlnsectivorej

dimaa \Dicrurus macrocercus I Black Drongo JDicruridae jlnsectivorej

dipaa '\Dicrurus paradiseus j Greater Racket-tailed JDicruridae jlnsectivorej

jj Drongo

122 | 10 *...«.«. .

,..L...L..L L 122 | 10

dish h

duhy y

egin n

elca a

emau u

emfti i

II Dinopium shorii

\Dumetia\Dumetia hyperythra

II Mesophoyx intermedia

jj Elanus caeruleus

\Emberiza\Emberiza aureola

jj Emberiza fucata

jj Himalayan Flameback

jj Tawny-bellied Babbler

11 Intermediate Egret

jj Black-winged Kite

jj Yellow-breasted Bunting

jj Chestnut-eared Bunting

jj Picidae

jj Muscicapidae

jArdeidae e

jAccipitridae e

jj Emberizidae

jj Emberizidae

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

jPiscivoree 1

jCarnivoree j

jGranivoree j

[Granivoree j

r r

r r

r r

r r

w w

w w

]] ! 12

11 N j I

11 1 9 !! ! 5

!! i 2 11 ! 2

jj 10

jj 4

!! o

11 o

!! 3

11 3

emspp I Emberiza spodocephala j Black-faced Bunting j Emberizidae jGranivore j

ergrr \Eremopterix grisea j Ashy-crowned Sparrow- jAlaudidae jlnsectivorej

II jLar k | | |

euorr \Eurystomus orientalis jDoIlarbird ICoraciidae Jlnsectivorej

ratii \Falco tinnunculus j Common Kestrel jFalconidae JCarnivore j

22 j 2

II | 0

III | 0

33 ! 0

fifr fifr

\Ficedulaparva\Ficedulaparva j Red-breasted Flycatcher j Muscicapidae jlnsectivorej w j j 9 j 0

Francolinus francolinus j Black Francolin jPhasianidae JOmnivore j r j j 5 I 0

figufigu j Francolinus gujaris I Swamp Francolin jPhasianidae jOmnivore j

>g>g \Gallus gallus ;Red Junglefowl JPhasianidae jOmnivore j

gagoo \Gallinago gallinago [Common Snipe jCharadriidae jlnsectivorej

gamoo \Garrulax monileger j Lesser Necklaced j Muscicapidae jlnsectivorej

jj Laughingthrush j j

VV I 11 j 4

55 J 0 99 } 1

122 | 10

astt \Gallinago stenura I Pintail Snipe I Charadriidae jlnsectivorej w ] I 9 \ 1

glraa iGlaucidium radiatum j Jungle Owlet iStrigidae Ilnsectivorel r I I 9 I 0 j " i -- +

grbee I Graminicola bengalensis] Rufous-rumped Grassbird j Muscicapidae jlnsectivorej r j N j 1 j 2

221 1

APPENDICES S

g™?. .

gybe e

.?y.^.... . hasm m

heco o

hepi i

hida a

hifl l

hiru u

hiva a

hobe e

hodu u

hoin n

hyaz z

ixci i

.ïïl?...... .ïïl?...... lacr r

lasc c

late e

lavi i

leja a

lopu u

luca a

lupe e

lusv v

magu u

meha a

mela a

mele e

meli i

meor r

mepa a

meph h

meze e

11 Gracula religiosa

jj Gyps bengalensis

\\ Gyps indie us

\\ Halcyon s my mens is

11 Hemiprocne coronata

\\ Hemipus picatus

ii Hirundo daurica

11 Hirundo fluvic ola

jj Hirundo rustica

\\ Cuculus varius

jj Houbaropsis

;; bengalensis

II Vanellus duvaucelii

jj Vanellus indicus

\\ Hypothymis azurea

;; Hill Myna

11 White-rumped Vulture

11 Long-billed Vulture

ii White-throated Kingfisher

;; Crested Treeswift

II Bar-winged Flycatcher-

jj shrike

jj Red-rumped Swallow

!! Streak-throated Swallow

[Bamm Swallow

II Common Hawk-Cuckoo

11 Bengal Florican

jj River Lapwing

11 Red-wattled Lapwing

jj Black-naped Monarch

jj Ixobrychus cinnamomeus j Cinnamon Bittern

\Jynx\Jynx torquilla

jj Lanius cristatus

ii Lanius schach

jj Lanius tephronotus

;; Lanius vittatus

11 Leptoptilos javanicus

jj Lonchura punctulata

\Luscinia\Luscinia calliope

'\Luscinia'\Luscinia peeloralis

11 Luscinia svecica

\\ Macronous gularis

II Megalaima

jj haemacephala

jj Melophus lathami

jj Merops Merops leschenaulti

II Megalaima lineata

\\ Merops orientalis

jj Megalurus palustris^

:: Merops philippinus

jj Megalaima zeylanica

jj Eurasian Wryneck

jj Brown Shrike

jj Long-tailed Shrike

jj Grey-backed Shrike

!! Bay-backed Shrike

jj Lesser Adjutant

jj Scaly-breasted Munia

jj Siberian Rubythroat

II White-tailed Rubythroat

IBluethroat t

jj Stripedjjit-Babbler

jj Coppersmith Barbet

11 Crested Bunting

II Chestnut-headed Bee-eater

ii Lineated Barbet

11 Little Green Bee-eater

11 Striated Grassbird

jj Blue-tailed Bee-eater

11 Brown-headed Barbet

!! Sturnidae

II Accipitridae

11 Accipitridae

II Alcedinidae

!! Apodidae

IFrugivoree 1

jj Carnivore \

[Carnivoree 1

jlnsectivorei i

llnsectivore! !

jj Campephagidaejlnsectivore j

jj Hirundinidae

jHirundinidae e

jj Hirundinidae

jCuculidae e

11 Otididae

jj Charadriidae

!! Charadriidae

JMuscicapidae e

jj Ardeidae

II Picidae

ii Lanidae

jLanidae e

11 Lanidae

jLanidae e

jj Ciconiidae

jFringillidae e

11 Turdidae

II Turdidae

11 Turdidae

jj Muscicapidae

ii Capitonidae

jj Emberizidae

11 Meropidae

jj Capitonidae

!! Meropidae

jj Muscicapidae

|| Meropidae

jj Capitonidae

„ || i -ilnsectivorei i

llnsectivore; ;

llnsectivore! !

llnsectivoree j

jOmnivoree 1

.,11 i...

Ilnsectivorej j

llnsectivore! !

llnsectivore! !

Ilnsectivorej j

Ilnsectivorej j

ilnsectivorej j

Ilnsectivorej j

Ilnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorei i

jOmnivoree j

jGranivoree |

Ilnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorei i

jlnsectivorei i

ilnsectivorej j

IFrugivoree j

. .ii

jGranivoree j

ilnsectivorej j

IFrugivoree !

jlnsectivorei i

ilnsectivorej j

Ilnsectivorej j

IFrugivoree j

rr { N

rr j NT

rr | NT

rr |

rr |

rr j

i i rr j

ss 1

ww j

rr j

rr j E

j j

rr |

rr j

rr !

rr j

ww i

ww |

rr |

ww j

.pm...l l rr | V

rr j

ww !

ww j

ww j

rr ;

rr j

1 1

ww j

ss j

rr j

rr j

rr j N

ss 1

rr !

..L. .

...... .

..i— —

..*-. .

..*... .

..1— —

..*... .

..i— —

..|... .

..+.., ,

— —

..1— —

..+... .

..I— —

...... .

..i... .

...... .

. . ! -

..*.. .

..i« «

. . . j . . .

...*.. .

...i... .

...+.. .

...I--

...#.. .

...1. .

_L L

12 2

5 5

55 _

10 0

9 9

12 2

9 9

l... l... 9 9

12 2

1 1

.?_... . 5 5

12 2

1 1

4 4

J..... J..... 5 5

11 1

11 1

5 5

5 5

5 5

2 2

2 2

12 2

12 2

5 5

11 1

12 2

3 3

1 1

10 0

12 2

11 io

i...?.... . 11 o 11 1

ii 10

11 10

i i II °

jj 1

!! o ii io

11 l

4 4 !! 0

11 °.... 11 L?.„ 11 1

ii 2

|| 0

11 ° jj 1

ii 0

!! o ii i

|| 0_

]] 3

}} 3

11 1L !! l 0

4 4 !! 3

ii 0

11 10 jj 0

II 4__

11 0

!! io

222 2

APPENDICES S

mias s

mibr r

mica a

mija a

moal l

mod d

mofl l

moma a

mule e

mupu u

muth h

neas s

oror r

orsu u

orxa a

pacr r

pado o

pama a

peca a

peci i

peet t

pefl l

.ESPL. . peni i

pexa a

phaf f

phco o

phfu u

phhu u

!! Mirafra assamica

II Celens brachyurus

jj Microhierax

|| caerulescens

II Mirafra cantillans

jj Motacilla alba

II Motacilla citreola

jj Motacilla flava

'\Motacilla '\Motacilla

\\ madaraspatensis

11 Ficedula tricolor

|| Mulleripicus

\puherulentus \puherulentus

\\ Eumyias thalassina

\Nectarinia\Nectarinia asiatica

jj Oriolus oriolus

II Orthotomus sutorius

\\ Oriolus xanthornus

\\ Pavo cristatus

\\ Passer domesticus

II Parus major

11 Pelargopsis capensis

ii Pericrocotus

II cinnamomeus

\\ Pericrocotus ethologus

II Pericrocotus flam mens

11 Pernis ptilorhyncus

II Pellorneum ruficeps

\\ Petronia xanthocollis

jj Phylloscopus qffinis

jj Phylloscopus collybita

II Phylloscopus

\fuligiventer \fuligiventer

11 Phylloscopus humei

II Rufous-winged Lark

jj Rufous Woodpecker

11 Collared Falconet

ii Singing Lark

|| White Wagtail

jj Citrine Wagtail

!! Yellow Wagtail

jj White-browed Wagtail

|| Slaty-blue Flycatcher

jj Great Slaty Woodpecker

!! Verditer Flycatcher

jj Purple Sunbird

11 Eurasian Golden-Oriole

jj Common Tailorbird

II Black-hooded Oriole

jj Indian Peafowl

!! House Sparrow

jj Great Tit

11 Stork-billed Kingfisher

jj Small Minivet

„ i i

!! Long-tailed Minivet

jj Scarlet Minivet

II Oriental Honey-buzzard

!! Puff-throated Babbler

!! Chestnut-shouldered

!! Petronia

jj Tickell's Leaf-Warbler

jj Common ChifFchaff

jj Smoky Warbler

„ | |

11 Hume's Yellow-browed

!! Warbler

ii Alaudidae

jj Picidae

jj Falconidae

jj Alaudidae

II Motacillidae

jj Motacillidae

!! Motacillidae

jj Motacillidae

jj Muscicapidae

jj Picidae

ii Muscicapidae

JNectariniidae e

jj Oriolidae

ii Muscicapidae

11 Oriolidae

II Phasianidae

11 Ploceidae

jj Paridae

11 Alcedinidae

llnsectivore! !

ilnsectivorej j

llnsectivore! !

jlnsectivorej j

ilnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

ilnsectivorej j

Ilnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

jNectariv,, j

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

ilnsectivorej j

jj Omni vore j

IGranivoree i

jlnsectivorej j

jPiscivoree j

jj Campephagidae jlnsectivorej

„j j ,'i,'i 1... 11 Campephagidaeilnsectivorej

jj Campephagida

jj Accipitridae

ii Muscicapidae

jj Ploceidae

jj Muscicapidae

jj Muscicapidae

jj Muscicapidae

..j j

ii Muscicapidae

ee ilnsectivorej

jApivoree i

jlnsectivorej j

IGranivoree j

llnsectivore; ;

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

.jj j i M

jlnsectivorej j

rr !

rr j

rr j

ss j

ww i

ww j

ww j

rr j

ww j

rr j

ww i

rr j

ss j

rr |

rr 1

rr j

rr j

rr j

rr j

rr j

l„„ l„„

rr j

rr j

rr 1

rr j

rr i

ww j

ww i

ww i

j i m m

ww j

NN j

i... .

i... .

i i

12 2

11 1

1 1

2 2

2 2

1 1

1 1

4 4

12 2

12 2

11 1

12 2

9 9

12 2

5 5

9 9

11 1

J2. . 12 2

12 2

12 2

...IL L 5 5

11 1

10 0

10 0

5 5

12 2

0 0

10 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

0 0

2 2

10 0

.19... .19... 2 2

10 0

2 2

10 0

0 0

0 0

3 3

10 0

10 0

10 0

10 0

0 0

1 1

1 1

10 0

10 0

1 1

10 0

223 3

APPENDICES S

phle e

phma a

phni i

phoc c

phre e

phtr r

pibr r

pica a

pixa a

plbe e

plme e

plph h

prci i

prfl l

prso o

prsu u

prsy y

psal l

pscy y

pshi i

pspa a

pyca a

pyjo o

pyme e

rhal l

ripa a

riri i

saca a

safe e

11 Phaemcophaeus

leschenaultii

\\ Phylloscopus

II magnirostris

\\ Phalacrocorax niger

II Phoenicurus ochruros

!! Phylloscopus reguloides

\\ Phylloscopus

II trochiloides

\\ Pitta brachyura

II Picus canus

jj Picus xanthopygaeus

ii Ploceus benghalensis

\\ Ploceus megarhynchus

jj Ploceus philippinus

11 Prinia cinereocapilla

II Prinia flaviventris

jj Prinia socialis

!! Prinia subflava

\\ Prinia sylvatica

II Psittacula alexandri

\\ Psittacula cyanocephala

\\ Psittacula himalayana

\\ Pseudibis papillosa

II Pycnonotus cafer

II Pycnonotus jocosus

jj Sirkeer Malkoha

jj Large-billed Leaf-Warbler

11 Littl e Cormorant

jj Black Redstart

|| Blyth's Leaf-Warbler

jj Greenish Warbler

11 Indian Pitta

jj Grey-faced Woodpecker

11 Streak-throated

11 Woodpecker

jj Black-breasted Weaver

II Finn's Weaver

jj Baya Weaver

jj Grey-crowned Prinia

jj Yellow-bellied Prinia

iAshyy Prinia

11 Tawny-flanked Prinia

!! Jungle Prinia

!! Red-breasted Parakeet

|| Plum-headed Parakeet

II Slaty-headed Parakeet

jj Red-naped Ibis

jj Red-vented Bulbul

jj Red-whiskered Bulbul

\\ Pycnonotus melanicterus [Black-crested Bulbul

\Rhipidura\Rhipidura albicollis I White-throated Fantail

jj Riparia paludicola

11 Riparia riparia

\\ Saxicola caprata

\\ Saxicola ferrea

jj Plain Martin

11 Sand Martin

II Pied Bushchat

II Grey Bushchat

jj Cuculidae

jj Muscicapidae

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

IPhalacrocoracidjPiscivoree j

\\ Turdidae

11 Muscicapidae

II Muscicapidae

IPittidae e

jPicidae e

jj Picidae

II Ploceidae

!! Ploceidae

II Ploceidae

|| Muscicapidae

11 Muscicapidae

jj Muscicapidae

ii Muscicapidae

{Muscicapidae e

11 Psittacidae

jj Psittacidae

11 Psittacidae

II Ciconiidae

II Pycnonotidae

jj Pycnonotidae

jj Pycnonotidae

jj Muscicapidae

jj Hirundinidae

jj Hirundinidae

!! Turdidae

!! Turdidae

jlnsectivorej j

ilnsectivore! !

jlnsectivorej j

Ilnsectivore! !

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

jGranivoree j

iGranivoree !

jGranivoree j

jlnsectivorej j

Ilnsectivore! !

jlnsectivorej j

!Insectivorei i

jlnsectivorej j

jFrugivoree j

iFrugivoree I

jFrugivoree j

ilnsectivore! !

jFrugivoree j

jFrugivoree j

jFrugivoree i

jlnsectivorej j

!Insectivorei i

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

jlnsectivorej j

ilnsectivore! !

rr 1 j

ww j j

rr j j

ww j j

ww j j

ww | |

ss 1 N 1

rr j j

rr j j

rr j j

rr 1 V 1

rr j j

rr j NT j

rr 1 !

rr ! !

rr ! i

rr ! !

rr ! N j

rr j j

rr j !

rr j j

rr j NT |

rr j 1

rr ! i

rr j j

rr j j

rr ! !

rr ! !

ss j !

rr j !

ww ; !

9 9

12 2

12 2

4 4

12 2

12 2

10 0

12 2

5 5

1 1

1 1

3 3

3 3

1 1

3 3

3 3

3 3

3 3

12 2

10 0

1? ?

12 2

1? ?

3 3

9 9

9 9

12 2

11 1

11 1

7 7

7 7

5 5

5 5

!! 10

|| 10

!! 10

;; 1

!! 10

|| 10

!! o 11 io

!! 10

ii 4

ii 4

!! 4

|| 3

!! 3

11 2

11 3

11 2

!! 2

|| 10

11 4

!! 0

jj 10

11 10

11 o !! 4

11 4

.11 .t0

11 2

!! 2

ii l

|| l

11 l jj i

224 4

APPENDICES S

safu u

sain n

saje e

sale e

sato o

sebu u

sica a

sifr r

spch h

spci i

stch h

stco o

stde e

stma a

stor r

sttr r

stvu u

tepa a

tepo o

tipi i

tobi i

trbi i

trgl l

troc c

trph h

trpo o

trto o

tuea a

tulo o

turu u

tust t

upep p

urer r

jj Saxicoloides fulicata

\Saxicola\Saxicola ins ignis

II Saxicola jerdoni

\Saxicola\Saxicola leucura

\Saxicola\Saxicola torauata

II Seicercus burkU

\Sitta\Sitta castanea

\Sitta\Sitta frontalis

11 SpUornis cheela

cirrhatus

11 Streptopelia chinensis

contra

\Streptopelia\Streptopelia decaocto

jj Sturnus malabaricus

II Streptopelia orientalis

II tranquebarica

;; Sturnus vulgaris

11 Terpsiphone paradis i

11 Tephrodornis Tephrodornis

\pondicerianus \pondicerianus

\\ Timalia pileata

jj Ocyceros birostris

\\ Treron bicincta

.j j

11 Tringa glareola

\\ Tringa ochropus

jj Treron phoenicoptera

\\ Treron pompadora

11 Tringa totanus

II Turdoides earlei

11 Turdoides longirostris

jj Turdus ruficollis

11 Turdoides striatus

jj Upupa epops epops

jj Indian Robin

11 White-throated Bushchat

!! Jerdon's Bushchat

;; White-tailed Stonechat

jj Common Stonechat

ITurdidae e

jj Turdidae

|| Turdidae

11 Turdidae

11 Turdidae

jj Golden-spectacled Warbler | Muscicapidae

!! Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch

jj Velvet-fronted Nuthatch

11 Crested Serpent-Eagle

jj Changeable Hawk-Eagle

!! Spotted Dove

[[ Asian Pied Starling

II Eurasian Collared-Dove

11 Chestnut-tailed Starling

[[ Oriental Turtle-Dove

jj Red Collared-Dove

„x „x [Commonn Starling

11 Asian Paradise-Flycatcher

[Commonn Woodshrike

II Chestnut-capped Babbler

jj Indian Grey-Hornbill

jj Orange-breasted Green-

II Pigeon

II Wood Sandpiper

ii Green sandpiper

jj Yellow-footed Green-

11 Pigeon

|| Pompadour Green-Pigeon

jj Common Redshank

!! Striated Babbler

11 Slender-billed Babbler

II Dark-throated Thrush

ii Jungle Babbler

!! Eurasian Hoopoe

II Urocissa erythrorhyncha | Blue Magpie

jj Sittidae

jSittidae e

II Accipitridae

iAccipitridae e

11 Columbidae

11 Sturnidae

jj Columbidae

jj Sturnidae

jj Columbidae

jj Columbidae

.[ [

11 Sturnidae

11 Muscicapidae

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

jlnsectivorej j

ICamivoree 1

[Carnivoree I

IGranivoree 1

llnsectivorel l

IGranivoree 1

llnsectivorel l

[Frugivoree 1

[Granivoree I

„ || | „

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

jj Campephagidaejlnsectivore!

II Muscicapidae

jj Bucerotidae

11 Columbidae

j j

jj Charadriidae

jj Charadriidae

(Columbidae e

jj Columbidae

jj Charadriidae

jj Muscicapidae

jj Muscicapidae

ii Turdidae

jj Muscicapidae

jj Upupidae

11 Corvidae

llnsectivorel l

[Frugivoree [

[Frugivoree [

mm\\ 1... llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

[Frugivoree |

[Frugivoree I

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

llnsectivorel l

11 Omni vore 1

rr 1 1

ww i v i

rr | NT |

rr 1 SC j

ww 1 1

ww [ j

rr 1 |

rr I 1

rr | 1

rr [ N 1

rr 1 j

rr 1 1

rr [ 1

rr 1 1

ww | I

rr j S

jj |#ii

ww 1 |

ss i i

rr | j

rr 1 j

rr 1 1

rr \ \

11 |pii

ww i [

ww [ [

rr [ |

rr 1 1

ww 1 I

rr 1 1

rr | NT |

rr 1 1

rr I [

ww [ [

rr 1 1

5 5

2 2

1 1

1 1

5 5

12 2

12 2

12 2

3 3

5 5

9 9

3 3

....?... . 11 1

9 9

9 9

5 5

12 2

9 9

J J 12 2

12 2

11 1

11 1

12 2

..13... ..13... l i i

l l

....'. . 3 3

5 5

3 3

12 2

!! o

ii 2

!! 4

11 3

jj 2

11 10

JJ 10

ii io

ii o !! o

j o o II o

ii ° jj 4

ii o jj 0

__ x j o o II 10

|| 2

11 2

jj 10

11 0

X X

j o o j o o 11 °

ii o j o o

ii 4

i 4 4

-I.? ? ii ° jj 0

11 0

225 5

APPENDICES S

zocii \Zoothera citrina \Ormgt-h^tèJhvis\\ JTurdidae jlnsectiyorei r

zopaa j Zoster ops patpebrosus \ Oriental White-eye j Zosteropidae jlnsectivorej r

Keys: : Statuss (Status of birds lowland Nepal) W:: Winter migrants. Mainly or only recorded in winter months. S:: Summer migrants or recorded only in summer months. Majority of these birds breed in lowland grasslands. . R:: Resident and sedentary birds most of which are known to breed. W,, PM: Wintering birds with a fair amount of passage migrants. PM:: Passage migrant. No population is known to winter in Nepal. Have been recorded several times

mainlyy on passage. (Informationn on the status of species was derived from Inskipp and Inskipp (1991). Our own observationss were added to confirm the status of these species. The status information is restricted to lowlandd grasslands only and does not cover whole of Nepal as in Inskipp and Inskipp (1991)).

Threatenedd status C:: Critically Endangered E:: Endangered V:: Vulnerable NT:: Near-threatened (Source:: Collar etal. 1994, Asian Red Data Book (BirdLife International in prep.) N:: Nationally Threatened (Baral et al. 1996) SC:: Species needing further assessment for their status and distribution. Use of this term will remain temporaryy til l new study results come regarding these species. Currently not identified as threatened but re-assessmentt of their status is urgent as they are near endemic to Indian subcontinent. There are evidencess that both these species have suffered considerable population decline over the years.

Collar'ss Code, Grassland user types: a schematic ranking, most important in decreasing order. (Collar 1996,, see table 3,5). These rankings are indicative only,

Ht:: Grass height (indicates their preferred grass height): 0:: species mostly found in grass height open up to 50 cm high 1:: species mostly found in grass height usually above 50 cm to 100 cm 2:: species mostly found in grass height between 100 cm to 300 cm 3:: species mostly found in grass height between 300 cm to 600 cm 4:: species mostly found in grass height above 600 cm 10:: grass height does not matter; a species that is not necessarily associated with grassland but recorded onn our grassland transects

11 1

12 2

0 0

10 0

226 6

APPENDICES S

APPENDIXX 4

Lowlandd grassland birds, Nepal.

Birdd names follow Inskipp et al. (1996). Birds are arranged according to the four letter codes given too them and used while recording them in the field.

Codee {Scientific name jEnglishh name II Status j Threat-ened d status s

acae e [Acrocephalus[Acrocephalus aedon

[Acrocephalus[Acrocephalus agricola

AccipiterAccipiter badius

!! Thick-billed Warbler

Ishikra a

w w

acba a

acbi i

pm m

jj r ^Acrocephalus^Acrocephalus bistrigiceps jBjack-browedd Reed-Warbler

jj Blunt-winged Warbler v v

w w acco o

acdu u

acfu u

AcrocephalusAcrocephalus concinens

j^croce^/ia/wii dumetorum

[Acridotheres[Acridotheres fyscus jJunglee Myna

IBankk Myna

w w

r r [Acridotheres[Acridotheres ginginianus

}*dcr°cephalus}*dcr°cephalus orientalis r r

acor r jOrientall Reed-Warbler

!! Clamorous Reed-Warbler acstt {Acrocephalus stentoreus

actrr [Acridotheres tristis w w

ICommonn Myna

JBesra a [Accipiter[Accipiter virgatus

\Aegypius\Aegypius monachus

lAlaudalAlauda gujgula aemo o

ÉSL ÉSL

jCinereouss Vulture

[Orientall Skylark w w r r

NT T

amamm \Amandava amandava i i

iAmmomanesiAmmomanes phoenicurus IRedd Avadavat

II Rufous-tailed Lark amph h

anca a \Anthus\Anthus campestris

{Anthus{Anthus cervinus

godlewskii

[Anthus[Anthus hodgsoni

\Anthus\Anthus richardi

ITawnyy Pipit

jj Red-throated Pipit

JBJytttss Pipit

44 P.B..

JJ 2B... \\ w

ance e

ango o anho o

ann n

jOlive-backedd Pipit

IRichard'ss Pipit w w

w w

anroo [Anthus roseatus

anruu | *'Anthus rubescens [Rosyy Pipit

j?i!IË:l̂ .!L i5!Ë..̂ Pit... .

w w

w w

anru u [Anthus[Anthus rujulus

\Anthus\Anthus similis

jPaddyfieldd Pipit

ILong-billedd Pipit r r

w w ansi i

ansp p jj *Anthus spinoletta

\Anthus\Anthus trivialis

lala pomarina

{Waterr Pipit

jTreee Pipit

;; Lesser Spotted Eagle

w w

.JPJ2.. . r r

antr r

q̂po o N N

227 7

APPENDICES S

arfii i

arpu u

asfl l

atbr r

brth h

bubu u

buib b

buoe e

caaf f

cara a

casp p

cebr r

cema a

cesi i

chsi i

cicy y

ciex x

cini i

cipa a

\Aquila\Aquila rapax

fitscus

\Ardeola\Ardeola grayii

\Ardea\Ardea purpurea

\Asio\Asio flammeus

\Athene\Athene brama

\Bradypterus\Bradypterus thoracicus

\Buteo\Buteo buteo

\Bubulcus\Bubulcus ibis

\Burhinus\Burhinus oedicnemus

\Caprimulgus\Caprimulgus affinis

\Calandrella\Calandrella ray tal

'tCarduelis'tCarduelis spinoides

\Centropus\Centropus bengalensis

\Cettia\Cettia brunnifrons

\Cettia\Cettia major

\\ Cettia pallidipes

\Centropus\Centropus sinensis

\Chrysomma\Chrysomma altirostre

\Chrysomma\Chrysomma sinense

\Circus\Circus aeruginosus

\Circus\Circus cyaneus

\Cisticola\Cisticola exilis

iCircusiCircus macrourus

iCiconiaiCiconia nigra

\Circus\Circus pygargus

iTawnyy Eagle 1

jAshyy Woodswallow !

Ilndiann Pond-Heron 1

IPurplee Heron =

!! Short-eared Owl

iSpottedd Owlet |

iBrownn Bush-Warbler 1

IChinesee Bush-Warbler

ISpottedd Bush-Warbler !

ICommonn Buzzard 1

iCattlee Egret j

lEurasiann Thick-knee

iWhite-eyedd Buzzard j

iSavannaa Nightjar 1

ICommonn Rosefinch j

ilndiann Short-toed Lark !

iYellow-breastedd Greenfinch

[Lesserr Coucal 1

[Grey-sidedd Bush-Warbler I

iChestnut-crownedd Bush-Warbler I

[Pale-footedd Bush-Warbler !

!Greaterr Coucal j

[Jerdon'ss Babbler \

[Yellow-eyedd Babbler 1

Westernn Marsh-Harrier !

[Northernn Harrier j

[Woolly-neckedd Stork I

IGolden-headedd Cisticola ]

iShort-toedd Snake-Eagle j

[Zittingg Cisticola !

iPallidd Harrier

[Piedd Harrier !

[Blackk Stork !

jMontagu'ss Harrier

rr !

rr j

rr i

rr [

rr !

rr !

ww 1

ww [

ww i

ww [

rr 1

rr [

ww [

rr [

rr !

ww 1

r r

ww [

ss I

ww j

ww I

ww i

WW [

rr i

rr I

r r

ss !

W W

W W

r r

r r

w w

r r

w w

w w

w w

w w

SC C

V V

V V

NT T

N N

228 8

APPENDICES S

cobe e

coch h

coco o

dima a

duhy y

elca a

emau u

embr r

emfii i

emme e

empa a

empu u

emsp p

EE........ . euma a

fach h

faco o

ff ana

fase e

fasu u

fati i

frfr r

frgu frgu

.©£ £ oaoa a

garu u

grbe e

gybe e

gyfu u

hasm m

hida a

hifl l

hiru u

\Coracias\Coracias benghalensis

11 *Coturnix chinensis

\\ *Coturnix coturnix

\Dicrurus\Dicrurus macrocercus

iDumetiaiDumetia hyperythra

\Elanus\Elanus caeruleus

\Emberiza\Emberiza aureola

II *Emberiza bruniceps

\EmberizaJucata \EmberizaJucata

\Emberiza\Emberiza melanocephala

ii *Emberizapallasi

\\ *Emberiza pusilla

lEmberizalEmberiza spodocephala

\Eremopterix\Eremopterix grisea

\\ *Lonchura malabarica

ii *Falco chiquera

\Falco\Falco columbarius

jj *Falco naumanni

\Falco\Falco peregrinus

\Falco\Falco severus

\Falco\Falco subbuteo

\Falco\Falco tinnunculus

\FrancolinusJrancolinus \FrancolinusJrancolinus

\Francolinus\Francolinus gularis

\Francolinus\Francolinus pondicerianus

\Galerida\Galerida cristata

\Gallus\Gallus gallus

\Garrulax\Garrulax ruficollis

\Grus\Grus antigone

\Graminicola\Graminicola bengalensis

\Gyps\Gyps bengalensis

\Gypsfulvus \Gypsfulvus

'Gyps'Gyps indicus

\Halcyon\Halcyon smyrnensis

daurica

\Hirundo\Hirundo fluvicola

\Hirundo\Hirundo rustica

llndiann Roller

jBlue-breastedd Quail

jCommonn Quail

jBlackk Drongo

II Tawny-bellied Babbler

11 Black-winged Kite

jj Yellow-breasted Bunting

IRed-headedd Bunting

!! Chestnut-eared Bunting

iBlack-headedd Bunting

iPallas'ss Reed Bunting

iLittl ee Bunting

JBlack-facedd Bunting

jAshy-crownedd Sparrow-Lark

!! White-throated Munia

IRed-headedd Merlin

ÏMerlin n

ILesserr Kestrel

[Peregrinee Falcon

jj Oriental Hobby

lEurasiann Hobby

!! Common Kestrel

iBlackk Francolin

11 Swamp Francolin

iGreyy Francolin

|| Crested Lark

iRedd Junglefowl

jRufous-neckedd Laughingthrush

iSaruss Crane

jRufous-rumpedd Grassbird

iWhite-rumpedd Vulture

[Eurasiann Griffon

lLong-billedd Vulture

IWhite-throatedd Kingfisher

JRed-rumpedd Swallow

ii Streak-throated Swallow

iBarnn Swallow

!! r

!! r

\\ w

11 r

ii r

r r

II w

!! v

11 w

!! w

!! v

11 w

!! w

!! r

!! r

11 r

!! w

ii w

ii w

\\ w

!! w

r r

jj r

!! r

11 r

!! r

ii r 1

11 r

!! r i

ii w j

!! r i

!! r !

11 r 1

!! s

!! w

N N

NT T

V V

V V

N N

NT T

N N

NT T

NT T

229 9

APPENDICES S

hobe e

hodu u

hoin n

homa a

ixci i

jyt o o

lacr r

laex x

lasc c

leja a

loce e

lola a

loma a

lona a

lopu u

luca a

lusv v

mela a

meor r

mepa a

meph h

mias s

mija a

moal moal

moci i

mofl l

moma a

mule e

nyny y

pacr r

peru u

phaf f

phoc c

pixa a

plbe e

lEupodotislEupodotis bengalensis

\\ Vanellus duvaucelii

\\ Vanellus indicus

11 *Hoplopterus malabahcus

UxobrychusUxobrychus cinnamomeus

\Jynx\Jynx torquilla

\Lanius\Lanius cristatus

\Lanius\Lanius excubitor

\Lanius\Lanius schach

\Leptoptilos\Leptoptilos javanicus

\\ *Locustella certhiola

ii *Locustella lanceolata

\Lonchura\Lonchura malacca

\\ *Locustella naevia

\Lonchura\Lonchura punctulata

\Luscinia\Luscinia calliope

\Luscinia\Luscinia pectoralis

\Luscinia\Luscinia svecica

lathami

\Merops\Merops orientalis

iMegalurusiMegalurus palustris

\Merops\Merops philippinus

\MiraJra\MiraJra assamica

\Mirafra\Mirafra cantillans

\Motacilla\Motacilla alba

\Motacilla\Motacilla citreola

\Motacilla\Motacilla flava

\Motacilla\Motacilla madaraspatensis

\Ficedula\Ficedula tricolor

\Nycticorax\Nycticorax nycticorax

\Pavo\Pavo cristatus

\Pellorneum\Pellorneum ruficeps

\Phylloscopus\Phylloscopus qffinis

\Phoenicurus\Phoenicurus ochruros

\Picus\Picus xanthopygaeus

\Ploceus\Ploceus benghalensis

iBengall Florican

ii River Lapwing

ii Red-wattled Lapwing

jYellow-wattledd Lapwing

iCinnamonn Bittern

II Eurasian Wryneck

iBrownn Shrike

INorthernn Shrike

lLong-tailedd Shrike

11 Lesser Adjutant

iPallas'ss Grasshopper-Warbler

ILanceolatedd Warbler

JBlack-headedd Munia

iCommonn Grasshopper-Warbler

:Scaly-breastedd Munia

11 Siberian Ruby throat

!White-tailedd Rubythroat

jBluethroat t

11 Crested Bunting

ILittl ee Green Bee-eater

!! Striated Grassbird

iBlue-tailedd Bee-eater

!! Rufous-winged Lark

jj Singing Lark

!! White Wagtail

jj Citrine Wagtail

!! Yellow Wagtail

jj White-browed Wagtail

11 Slaty-blue Flycatcher

iBlack-crownedd Night-Heron

iVariablee Wheatear

jlndiann Peafowl

JPuff-throatedd Babbler

jTickell'ss Leaf-Warbler

iBlackk Redstart

jStreak-throatedd Woodpecker

iBlack-breastedd Weaver

rr \ E

!! r j

\\ r !

!! r [

ii r ! !! w i

!! w i

!! r j

!! r i

|| r | V

11 PH! ! !! r !

11 PE I 11 r !

!! w j

11 w I

II w i

ii w j

!! r j

!! r ! N

11 s j

!! r !

!! s i

!! W i

w j

ii w ;

11 r j

== w i 11 r i

!! r i

u, u

,

ii w ;

!! w 1

ii r i

11 r i

230 0

APPENDICES S

plma a

plme e

prci i

PrSr r

prho o

prso o

prsu u

prsy y

PsPa a

pyca a

ripa a

riri riri

saca a

safe e

safu u

sain n

saje e

sale e

sarc c

sato o

spch h

spci i

stch h

stco o

stde e

stor r

sttr r

stvu u

syin n

tipi i

tuca a

\Ploceus\Ploceus manyar

\Ploceus\Ploceus megarhynchus

\Ploceus\Ploceus philippinus

\Prinia\Prinia cinereocapilla

\Priniaflaviventris \Priniaflaviventris

\Prinia\Prinia gracilis

\Prinia\Prinia hodgsonii

\Prinia\Prinia socialis

\Prinia\Prinia subflava

\Prinia\Prinia syhatica

\Psittacula\Psittacula cyanocephala

\Pseudibis\Pseudibis papulosa

\Psittacula\Psittacula roseata

\Pycnonotus\Pycnonotus cafer

\Pycnonotus\Pycnonotus jocosus

\Riparia\Riparia paludicola

\Riparia\Riparia riparia

\Saxicola\Saxicola caprata

'iSaxicolaferrea 'iSaxicolaferrea

[Saxicoloidesfulicata [Saxicoloidesfulicata

\Saxicola\Saxicola insignis

\Saxicolajerdoni \Saxicolajerdoni

\Saxicola\Saxicola leucura

\Sarcogyps\Sarcogyps calvus

\Saxicola\Saxicola torauata

\Spilornis\Spilornis cheela

\Spizaetus\Spizaetus cirrhatus

\Streptopelia\Streptopelia chinensis

ISturnusISturnus contra

\Streptopelia\Streptopelia decaocto

iStreptopeliaiStreptopelia orientalis

\Streptopelia\Streptopelia tranauebarica

iSturnusiSturnus vulgaris

!! *Sypheotides indica

\\ Tephrodornis pondicerianus

YTimaliaYTimalia pileata

\Turdoides\Turdoides caudatus

!! Streaked Weaver

11 Yellow Weaver

iBayaa Weaver

jj Grey-crowned Prinia

!! Yellow-bellied Prinia

jj Graceful Prinia

jGrey-breastedd Prinia

jAshyy Prinia

iTawny-flankedd Prinia

jJunglee Prinia

[Plum-headedd Parakeet

JRed-napedd Ibis

iBlossom-headedd Parakeet

IRed-ventedd Bulbul

;Red-whiskeredd Bulbul

jPlainn Martin

ISandd Martin

jPiedd Bushchat

[Greyy Bushchat

II Indian Robin

!! White-throated Bushchat

IJerdon'ss Bushchat

!! White-tailed Stonechat

11 Red-headed Vulture

iCommonn Stonechat

ICrestedd Serpent-Eagle

11 Changeable Hawk-Eagle

[Spottedd Dove

[Asiann Pied Starling

jj Eurasian Collared-Dove

!! Oriental Turtle-Dove

IRedd Collared-Dove

ICommonn Starling

11 Lesser Florican

iCommonn Woodshrike

IChestnut-cappedd Babbler

iCommonn Babbler

!! r

r r

!! r

11 r

ii r

jj r

ii r

jj r

ii r

r r

!! r

ii r

!! r

II r

!! r

!! r

ii s

ii r

ii w

11 r

!! w

!! r

!! w

ii w

r r

ii r :

ii r

ii r !

ii r !

11 w I

!! r i

11 w i

ii s |

!! r i

!! r !

!! r i

ii V

!! NT

11 N

NT T

V V

NT T

SC C

N N

N--

C C

231 1

APPENDICES S

tueaa YTurdoides earlei jS^ated Babbler { r !

tuloo | Turdoides longirostris J^B^B'^^.^.^?}^f.. 1 I. I Ml .

turuu \Turdus rujficollis ^.^h:ÈF.^l?È..J^É}. 1 L 1

tustt \Turdoides striatus ;Jungle Babbler j r j ,, j j

tusuu \*Turnix suscitator l?.??^..?.1^?.^^.!!. 1 1. \

tusyy I *Turnix sylvatica „|?5?.?.!!..?.^!?59^). 1 1. 1

tutaa \Turnix tanki lXEi^:^^.™^°?H^i! 1 1. I

tyy c a !*TyJo longimembris jEastern Grass Owl j r | NT

upepp \Upupa epops lEurasian Hoopoe } w j

vavaa | Vanellus vanellus jNorthem Lapwing \ w j

Keys: : Statuss (Status of birds lowland Nepal) W:: Winter migrants. Mainly or only recorded in winter months. S:: Summer migrants or recorded only in summer months. Majority of these birds breed in lowland grasslands. . R:: Resident and sedentary birds most of which are known to breed. W,, PM: Wintering birds with a fair amount of passage migrants. PM:: Passage migrant. No population is known to winter in Nepal. Have been recorded several times mainlyy on passage. (Informationn on the status of species was derived from Inskipp and Inskipp (1991). Our own observationss were added to confirm the status of these species. The status information is restricted to lowlandd grasslands only and does not cover whole of Nepal as in Inskipp and Inskipp (1991)).

Threatenedd status C:: Critically Endangered E:: Endangered V:: Vulnerable NT:: Near-threatened (Source:: Collar et al. 1994, Asian Red Data Book (BirdLife International in prep.) N:: Nationally Threatened (Baral et al 1996) SC:: Species needing further assessment for their status and distribution. Use of this term will remain temporaryy til l new study results come regarding these species. Currently not identified as threatened but re-assessmentt of their status is urgent as they are near endemic to Indian subcontinent. There are evidencess that both these species have suffered considerable population decline over the years.

** at scientific name: species not seen during 3 years' (1996-1998) field work but derived from the

literature. .

232 2