Verb Mood

1. Indicative The verb states a fact.

2. Subjunctive The verb states a possibility.

3. Imperative The verb states a command.

Because the imperative mood verb is “commanding” someone,the subject will be you (understood).

John, stand up, please. = John, (you) stand up, please.

Regular Verbs Imperative Mood

2nd person singular = present stem of the verbvoco vocare = voca - (you) callmoneo monere = mone - (you) warn

2nd peson plural = present stem of the verb + tevoco vocare = vocate - (you) callmoneo monere = monete - (you) warn

(Pages 59 – 60)

Irregular Verb Imperative Mood

sum esse - be

2nd person singular = es - (you) be2nd person plural = este - (you) be

Negative Command

English = Don’t + verb Don’t fight.

Don’t = do not = (you) do not wish or (you) be unwilling

Don’t fight = (you) do not wish to fight(you) be unwilling to fight

to fight = present active infinitive2nd principal part of the verb pugno pugnare fight

to fight = pugnare

Don’t = 2nd person singular = noli 2nd person plural = nolite

Negative command

Don’t fight = 2nd person singular = noli pugnare2nd person plural = nolite pugnare

Examples (Verb = stand = sto stare)

Stand, boys and girls. Don’t stand, boys and girls.

(you stand), boys and girls. (you) do not wish to stand, boys and girls.

Verb Noun Conj. Noun Verb Infin. Noun Conj. Noun2nd Pl. Dir. Add. 2nd. Pl. Pres. Dir. Add.Pres. Vocative Pres. Act. VocativeAct. Mas. Fem. Act. Compl. Mas. Fem.Imperative Pl. Imperative Pl.

State, pueri et puellae. Nolite stare, pueri et puellae.

Complementary Infinitive

Completes the meaning of the verb.

(Compliment vs. Complement)

The men wish to plow the field.Noun Verb Infin. NounSubject 3rd. Pl. Pres. Dir. Obj.Nom. Pres. Act. Acc.Mas. Act. Compl. Mas.Pl. Indic. Sing.

Viri agrum arare desiderant.

man = vir viri m.wish = desidero desiderareplow = aro ararefield = ager agri m.