verily, along with every al-quran: 94; 5 study...

STUDY GUIDE

& D l ea nci tade l CM oa llr es gu eY

Al-Quran: 94; 5

Verily, along with everyhardship is relief

YUSRA MEDICAL &

DENTAL COLLEGE, ISLAMABAD

st1 Year MBBS

2018

Cardiovascular Module

Al-Quran: 94; 5


STUDY GUIDE Cardiovascular Module

YUSRA MEDICAL & DENTAL COLLEGE, ISLAMABAD

Index

S.No Topic Page

1 Team members 1

2 Introduc�on 2

3 Curriculum framework 4

4 Main content areas 5

5 Teaching / learning methods 6

6 Student assessment 7

7 Recommended reading material 9

8 Organiza�on of module 10

9 Anatomy 11

10 Physiology 19

11 Biochemistry 27

12 Ver�cal integra�on 34

13 Timetable 40


Team Members 2018

Name Commi�ee Department

Dr. Naila Abrar

Associate Professor Chief Coordinator Pharmacology

Dr. Ghazala Jawwad

Assistant Professor Coordinator Physiology

Dr. Arsalan Manzoor Mughal

Assistant Professor Member Anatomy

Dr. Romana Anwar

Assistant Professor Member Biochemistry

Dr. Huma Amin

Assistant Professor Member Pathology

Dr. Fa�ma Qasim

Senior Lecturer Member Pharmacology

Dr. Farah Rashid Siddiqui

Professor Member DME / Community Medicine

Dr. Faiza Batool

Associate Professor Member Medicine

Dr. Shabbir Rana

Professor Member Surgery

Dr. Sidra Tul Muntaha

Assistant Professor Member Pediatrics


2

INTRODUCTION

Assalam-u-Alaikum, a very warm welcome to all the medical students of the first

year MBBS in a new module. The cardiovascular module has been developed as a

con�nua�on of integrated medical curriculum in Yusra Medical and Dental

College, Islamabad. It will be covered in 5 weeks In Shaa Allah.

This module will comprehensively cover anatomical, physiological and

biochemical aspects of cardiovascular system with input from the departments of

surgery, medicine, pharmacology, pathology and community medicine.

This module features the anatomy and development of heart and circulatory

system. In physiology, a�er learning the physiological func�ons of the healthy

heart and the varia�ons in its func�ons during illness in previous module, this

module has been planned to study the organiza�on of cardiovascular system,

regula�on of blood flow, blood pressure and the related p athophysiology.

Hyperlipidemias play a pivotal role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis leading to

ischemic heart disease. In addi�on, cardiac enzymes also have a key role in

diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of ischemic heart diseases. In biochemistry

students will be learning the structural, func�onal and biomedical importance of

lipids and enzymes.


3

GENERAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES

By the end of this module, the students will be able to:

ANATOMY

. Explain the major anatomical features of heart and mediastinum.

. Describe the gross structure, development and histology of heart and major blood

vessels.

PHYSIOLOGY

. Explain the organiza�on of cardiovascular system.

. Describe the local blood flow control mechanisms.

. Explain the regula�on of blood pressure and cardiac output.

. Relate the pathophysiology of congenital and acquired cardiac dysfunc�ons.

BIOCHEMISTRY

. Explain the structure and func�onal importance of lipids.

. Discuss the role of enzymes in health and disease.


SHAHEED ZULFIQAR ALI BHUTTO MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

CURRICULUM FRAMEWORK: MBBS 1-5 YEARS

Block I Block II Block III

Block IV Block V Block VI

Module 1 Module 2 Module 3 Module 4 Module 5 Module 6

Module 7 Module 8 Module 9 Module 10 Module 11 Module 12

Sen

d u

p &

Fin

al E

xam

s

Ex

am B

lock

I

Ex

am B

lock

IV

Ex

am B

lock

V

Ex

am B

lock

II

Ex

am B

lock

III

E

xam

Blo

ck V

I

Foundation6 Weeks

Renal6 Weeks

Reproductive6 Weeks

Neuroscience8 Weeks

SpecialSenses

6 Weeks

1

3

4

5

MusculoskeletalI

6 Weeks

Cardiovascular7 Weeks

Respiratory5 Weeks

Gastrointestinal6 Weeks

2Endocrine4 Weeks

MusculoskeletalII

6 Weeks

Hematology&

Immunology6 Weeks


5

MAIN CONTENT AREAS ANATOMY

General Anatomy:

. Circulatory system

Histology:

. Blood vessels and heart

Embryology:

. Development of heart and vessels

. Placenta and fetal circula�on

Gross Anatomy

. Heart and great vessels

. Medias�num

PHYSIOLOGY

. Overview of circula�on, biophysics of pressure, flow and resistance

. Vascular distensibility and func�on of arterial and venous systems

. Microcircula�on, lympha�c system, capillary fluid exchang e, inters��al fluid and lymph

flow

. Local and humoral control of �ssue blood flow

. Nervous regula�on of circula�on and rapid control of arterial pressure

. Role of kidney in long term control of arterial pressure and hypertension: the integrated

system for arterial blood pressure regula�on

. Cardiac output, venous return and their regula�on

. Muscle blood flow, cardiac output during exercise, the coronary circula�on and ischemic

heart disease

. Cardiac failure, heart valves, heart sounds, valvular and congenital heart defects,

circulatory shock and its treatment

BIOCHEMISTRY

. Chemistry of lipids

.Enzymes


6

Teaching / Learning Methods

The teaching and learning sessions of this module will be of diverse types:

a. Large group interac�ve sessions (LGIS)

b. Small group teaching will include small group interac�ve sessions (SGIS), tutorials and,

case-based learning sessions.

c. Problem - based learning (PBL)

d. Prac�cals will comprise sessions on early exposure to clinical methods and prac�cal

laboratory demonstra�ons.

e. Seminars on different topics including integrated seminars will be held on various topics,

in which students will make oral presenta�ons on different aspects of the allocated

topics.

f. Directed self-learning (DSL): During these sessions students are expected to revise what

they have learnt in the class, clear their concepts by consul�ng different textbooks,

reference material and prepare their assignments and projects, under the supervision of

their facilitators.

g. Clinical Skill laboratory: Students learn clinical skills in this laboratory e.g. CPR

(cardiopulmonary resuscita�on).


7

End of block exams

1. During the 1st academic year of MBBS, there will be 3 end-of-block exams. The results of

these block exams will carry 30% weightage in the internal assessment for the final

university professional examina�ons of the 1st MBBS year.

2. End-of-block-exam

End-of-block exam for this module will be held a�er comple�on of module V and VI. It

will have the following pa�ern:

a) There will be two integrated theory papers in this block exam, one for Module V and

one for Module VI.

b) The theory papers will have components of the following subjects:

i. Three horizontally integrated subjects i.e. anatomy, physiology and

biochemistry

ii. Ques�ons from ver�cally integrated para-clinical and clinical special�es.

c) The pa�ern of integrated theory paper will be as following:

i. 60 MCQs – 1 mark each (Most of the MCQs will be one best type, scenario-

based)

ii. 08 SEQs – 5 marks each (Most of SEQs will be scenario-based)

d) The pa�ern of the OSPE will be as following:

i. 10 OSPE sta�ons based on contents of Module – V 10 marks each

ii. 10 OSPE sta�ons based on contents of Module – VI 10 marks each

ASSESSMENT


8

Summary of marks for each end-of-block exam

Two Theory Papers: MCQs: 60 (1 x 60) = 60 Marks

SEQs: 08 (5 x 08) = 40 Marks 100 x 2 = 200 Marks

OSPE: 10 sta�ons of module I: 10 x 10 = 100 Marks 10 sta�ons of module II: 10 x 10 = 100 Marks

20 x 10 = 200 Marks

. Internal assessment will be carried out by the respec�ve colleges.

. The end of the year 1st professional university exams (Part I and II) will carry 70 percent

weightage.

. The end of the block exams and con�nuous assessment will carry 30 percent weightage.

. It is the preroga�ve of the colleges to include whatever they want in the con�nuous

assessment; class tests, a�tude, conduct etc.

. Students failing an exam will be awarded marks according to the marks a�ained in the

exam. Only students absent in the examina�on will get zero marks in internal evalua�on for

that examina�on.

Mandatory Criteria

. Any student who secures less than 50 percent marks or is absent from the block

examina�on will appear in the resit exam.

. Student will appear only in the component failed (theory or OSPE).

. Maximum marks awarded to the passing students will not be more than 50%.

. Resit examina�on will be scheduled at the end of the academic year.

INTERNAL ASSESSMENT

RESIT EXAMINATION POLICY


9

Recommended Reading Material

Gross Anatomy

Recommended Books

i. Cunningham’s Manual of Prac�cal Anatomy vol. 2 -16 edi�on, 2017.

ii. Clinical Anatomy by Regions. Richard S. Snell, 9th edi�on, 2012.

iii. Ne�er Atlas of Human Anatomy, 5 thedi�on 2011.

Reference Books

i. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Keith L Moore, 6 th edi�on, 2010.

ii. Gray’s Anatomy, 40 th edi�on, 2008.

Embryology

Recommended Book

Langman’s Medical Embryology. 12 th edi�on, 2012.

Reference Books

The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th edi�on. 2015.

Histology

Recommended Book

i. Basic Histology. Junqueira, 13th edi�on, 2013.

ii. DiFiore’s Atlas of Histology. 12 th edi�on, 2013.

Reference Books

Medical Histology. Dr. Laiq Hussain, 5 th edi�on, 2015.

Physiology

i. Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology.13 th edi�on. 2016.

ii. Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems. Lauralee Sherwood, 9 th edi�on, 2014.

iii. Lippinco�’s Illustrated Reviews: Physiology, 1st edi�on, 2013.

iv. Lab Manual Physiology, part 1st and 3rd edi�on.

Biochemistry

i. Lippinco�’s illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry 6 th edi�on, 2014.

ii. Harper’s illustrated Biochemistry. 30 th edi�on, 2012.

iii. Essen�als of Medical Biochemistry. Mushtaq Ahmed, Vol I and II, 8 th edi�on, 2011.


10

Organization

Horizontal Integration

Basic Medical Sciences Time distribution

. Anatomy 66 hours

. Physiology 40 hours

. Biochemistry 43 hours

. PBL/ CBL 9 hours

. Integrated seminars 4 hours

Vertical Integration

. Pathology 2 hours

. Pharmacology 2 hours

. Medicine 3 hours

. Pediatrics 1 hour

. Surgery 1 hour

. Community Medicine 1 hour

. Islamiat & Pak studies 17 hours

_________________________________

Total: 343 hours _________________________________


Anatomy

11

GENERAL ANATOMY LECTURES

*K = knowledge

S No

Learning Objectives By the end of the session, students

will be able to: Content Areas

Teaching Activity

(Duration) Assessment

1. INTRODUCTION TO

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM (CVS) . Outline the organization and

components of cardiovascular

system. (K)*

. General organization . Components . Introduction to heart

➢ Location

➢ Chambers

➢ Right and left heart

➢ Walls of heart . Introduction to blood vessels

➢ Types

➢ General structure

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. Circulatory System - I . Describe the components of the

arterial system. (K)

. Structure of an artery . Types of arteries

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

3. Circulatory System - II . Describe the components of the

venous system. (K)

. Structure of an artery . Types of arteries

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


12

EMBRYOLOGY LECTURES

S No



Teaching Activity


1. DEVELOPMENT OF HEART-I . Describe the development of

endocardial heart tube and

formation of cardiac loop. (K)

. Formation of cardiac myoblasts . Establishment of cardiogenic field . Formation and position of heart tube . Layers of heart tube . Formation of the cardiac loop . Formation of primitive right and left

ventricles . Clinical correlations

➢ Chambers of primitive heart

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. DEVELOPMENT OF HEART-II . Outline the development of sinus

venosus and formation of cardiac

septa. (K)

. Development and fate of sinus

venosus . Partitioning of common atria and

ventricles . Septum formation in truncus

arteriosus and conus cordis . Development of valves

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

3. BIRTH DEFECTS OF HEART . Discuss the congenital anomalies

of heart and consequences of

cardiac defects. (K)

. Ectopia cordis . Dextrocardia . Tetralogy of Fallot . Transposition of pulmonary artery

and aorta . Persistant truncus arteriosus . Ventricular septal defects . Atrial septal defects . Transposition of great vessels . Valvular stenosis

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

4. DEVELOPMENT OF ARTERIAL

SYSTEM . Describe the development of

aortic arches. (K)

. Development of aortic arches . Derivatives of aortic arches . Fate of aortic arches . Vitelline and umbilical arteries . Birth defects of major arteries

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

5. DEVELOPMENT OF VENOUS

SYSTEM . Discuss the development of

venous system. (K)

. Vitelline veins . Umbilical veins . Cardinal veins . Anastomosis between veins . Birth defects of major venous system

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


13

6. CIRCULATION BEFORE AND

AFTER BIRTH . Discuss fetal circulation and

changes at birth. (K)

. Fetal circulation . Saturation of oxygen in various

vessels . Circulatory changes at birth

➢ Closure of umbilical arteries

➢ Median umblical ligament

➢ Closure of ductus venosus

➢ Closure of ligamentum teres

➢ Ligamentum arteriosum

➢ Ligamentum venosum

➢ Closure of ductus arteriosus

➢ Closure of foramen ovale

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


14

HISTOLOGY LECTURES

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. ARTERIAL SYSTEM . Discuss the histological structure

of different types of arteries. (K)

. Types of arteries . Layers of arteries . Histological differences between

different types of arteries

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. VENOUS SYSTEM . Describe the various types of

veins. (K) . Explain their microscopic

features. (K)

. Types of veins . Layers of veins . Histological differences between

different types of veins

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

3. HEART AND CAPILLARIES . Describe the histological layers of

the heart. (K) . Describe the various types of

capillary. (K)

. Histological layers of the heart . Types of capillaries . Histological difference between

each type of capillary

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


15

HISTOLOGY PRACTICALS

S NO.



Teaching Activity


1. ARTERY . Identify and draw microscopic

features of an artery. (S)*

. Microscopic slide of an artery Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

2. VEIN . Identify and draw microscopic

features of a vein. (S)

. Microscopic slide of a vein Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

3. HEART . Identify and draw the microscopic

features of heart. (S)

. Microscopic slide of the heart Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

*S = Skill


16

ANATOMY DEMONSTRATIONS

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. THORACIC CAGE . Demonstrate the parts of the

thoracic cage (S)

. Thoracic Vertebrae . Ribs . Sternum . Thoracic Inlet . Thoracic outlet

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

2. MUSCLES AND JOINTS OF THORACIC CAGE . Demonstrate the joints and

muscles of the thoracic cage

. Joints of the thoracic cage . Muscles of the thoracic cage . Diaphragm

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

3. MEDIASTINUM . Demonstrate boundaries,

subdivisions and contents of

mediastinum. (S)

. Definition . Location and boundaries . Subdivisions:

➢ Superior

➢ Anterior

➢ Middle

➢ Posterior . Contents . Clinical correlation

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

4. PERICARDIUM AND HEART . Demonstrate layers of pericardium

and pericardial sinuses. (S)

. Layers and sinuses of the

pericardium . Clinical correlations e.g.

Pericarditis, cardiac tamponade . Location, borders and surfaces

of the heart

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

5. CHAMBERS OF THE HEART . Demonstrate the gross anatomical

structure of heart chambers. (S)

. Right atrium . Right ventricle . Pulmonary valve . Left atrium . Left ventricle . Mitral valve . Aortic valve

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

6. ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE

HEART . Demonstrate the arterial supply of

heart. (S)

. Course and branches of the

right coronary artery . Course and branches of the

left coronary artery . Right/left dominance . Clinical correlations e.g.

Angina and myocardial

infarction

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE

7. VENOUS DRAINAGE, NERVE

SUPPLY AND CONDUCTING

SYSTEM

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE


17

. Demonstrate the venous drainage,

nerve supply of heart and the

conducting system of the heart.

(S)

. Coronary sinus . Veins of the heart . Cardiac plexus . Cardiac referred pain . Conducting system of the

heart

8. GREAT VESSELS . Demonstrate the great vessels of

the heart. (S)

. Brachiocephalic veins . Superior vena cava . Inferior vena cava . Pulmonary trunk . Aorta

Demonstration

2 hours OSPE


18

ANATOMY SEMINARS

S No.

Topics* Content Areas Teaching Activity


1. Pericardium and pericardial sinuses

. Pericardium . Pericardial sinuses Student Presentation

7 mins

Marking / Evaluation Marks 10

2. Gross anatomy of heart

. Gross features of heart Student Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

3. Blood supply of heart

. Blood supply of heart Student Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

4. Posterior mediastinum

. Posterior mediastinum Student Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

5. Development heart tube

. Development of endocardial heart tube and its derivatives

Student Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

6. Separation of atria and ventricles

. Development of interatrial and interventricular septa


7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

7. Congenital anomalies of heart

. Congenital anomalies of heart Student Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

8. Development of venous and arterial systems

. Development of veins and arteries


7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

9. Capillaries and their types

. Capillaries and their types Student Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

10. Microscopic difference between artery and vein

. Microscopic difference of large artery and large vein


7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

* Topics will be allocated to students according to the course covered and students will be notified beforehand to

come prepared for the seminars


Physiology

19

PHYSIOLOGY LECTURES

S No.

Learning Objectives By the end of the session, students will

be able to: Content Areas

Teaching Activity


1. INTRODUCTION TO CIRCULATORY

SYSTEM - I . Comprehend the organization of

circulatory system. (K)

. Organization of systemic

circulation . Types of blood vessels . Difference between systemic and

pulmonary circulation . Laminar flow in blood vessels . Turbulent blood flow in blood

vessels . interrelationships of pressure, flow

and resistance . Reynold’s number

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. INTRODUCTION TO CIRCULATORY

SYSTEM - II . Describe the importance of vessel

diameter in determining the

arteriolar resistance. (K)

. Total peripheral resistance and

pulmonary vascular resistance. . Poiseuille’s law . Resistance to blood flow in series

and in parallel vascular circuits . Effect of hematocrit on blood

viscosity

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

3. VASCULAR DISTENSABILITY AND

FUNCTIONS OF VEINS . Describe the compliance of the

vessels. (K) . Explain the functions of veins. (K)

. Vascular compliance . Transmission of pressure pulses

to the peripheral vessels . Veins and their functions

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

4. MICROCIRCULATION AND ITS

SIGNIFICANCE . Describe the physiological anatomy

and functions of microcirculation.

(K) . Explain the Starling’s equilibrium.

(K)

. Flow of blood in the capillaries –

vasomotion . Factors affecting fluid filtration

across the capillary. . Calculation of hydrostatic and

colloid osmotic forces and

filtration coefficient

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

5. CONTROL OF LOCAL BLOOD FLOW

- I . Describe the mechanisms of acute

control of local blood flow in various

tissues. (K)

. Metabolic theory for local blood

flow control . Active and reactive hyperemia . Oxygen demand theory . Acute control of local blood flow in

kidney, brain and skin

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


20

. Control of tissue blood flow by

endothelial derived nitric oxid

6. CONTROL OF LOCAL BLOOD FLOW

- II . Describe the mechanisms of long

term blood flow regulation. (K) . Describe the humoral control of

circulation. (K)

. Humoral control of blood flow . Role of vasoconstrictor and

vasodilator agents . Vascular control by ions and

chemical factors . Angiogenesis . Retro-lental fibroplasia

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

7. VASOMOTOR CENTER . Describe the vasomotor center, its

components and functions. (K)

. Vasoconstrictor and vasodilator

area and their location . Control of heart activity by

vasomotor center . Control of vasomotor center by

higher nervous system . Vasovagal syncope.

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

8. SHORT TERM REGULATION OF

BLOOD PRESSURE - I . Enlist the reflex mechanisms in

rapid control of arterial blood

pressure. (K) . Describe the role of baroreceptors

in rapid control of blood pressure.

(K)

. Role of nervous system in rapid

control of arterial blood pressure . Physiological anatomy of

baroreceptors . Response of baroreceptors to

change in posture. . Role of baroreceptors in short

term and long-term control of

blood pressure

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

9. SHORT TERM REGULATION OF

BLOOD PRESSURE - II . Discuss the control of blood

pressure by chemoreceptors. (K) . Describe the role of other reflexes in

short term regulation of blood

pressure. (K)

. Chemoreceptor reflex . CNS ischemic response . Bainbridge reflex . Volume reflex . Abdominal compression reflex

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

10. LONG TERM REGULATION OF

BLOOD PRESSURE - I . Describe the role of kidney in long

term control of arterial blood

pressure. (K)

. Definition of long term control of

blood pressure . Role of kidneys with the help of

renin angiotensin system in long

term control of blood pressure . Pressure natriuresis and pressure

diuresis mechanism

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

11. LONG TERM REGULATION OF

BLOOD PRESSURE - II . Describe the integrated system for

arterial blood pressure regulation.

(K)

. Importance of salt in renal body

fluid regulation . Role of renin angiotensin system

in maintaining arterial blood

pressure constant despite large

variations in salt intake

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


21

. One kidney and two kidney

Goldbaltt hypertension

12. CARDIAC OUTPUT- I . Define cardiac output and explain

the factors affecting cardiac output.

(K)

. Definition of cardiac output . Cardiac index . Factors that cause hyper effective

and hypo effective heart . Role of nervous system in

controlling cardiac output . Effect of exercise on cardiac

output

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

13. CARDIAC OUTPUT- II . Define cardiac output and explain

the determinants of cardiac output.

(K) . Enlist various methods to measure

cardiac output and explain indicator

dilution principle. (K)

. Effect of sympathetic and

parasympathetic system on

cardiac output and heart rate . Stroke volume and its effect on

cardiac output. . Methods of measuring cardiac

output

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

14. VENOUS RETURN AND ITS

REGULATION . Define venous return and explain

the factors affecting venous return.

(K)

. Definition of venous return . Effect of gravity, muscle pump,

respiratory pump on venous

return . Mean systemic filling pressure

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

15. BLOOD FLOW IN EXCERCISE . Discuss the local control of muscle

blood flow at rest and during

exercise. (K)

. Blood flow in the skeletal muscle

at rest and during exercise . Effect of exercise on cardiac

output and stroke volume

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

16. CORONARY CIRCULATION . Explain coronary circulation and

discuss its regulation. (K)

. Coronary circulation . Phasic changes in the coronary

blood flow during systole and

diastole . Local and nervous control of

coronary blood flow

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

17. CARDIAC FAILURE . Define and classify cardiac failure.

(K) . Explain the pathophysiology and

compensatory mechanisms

operating in the cardiac failure. (K)

. Definition of cardiac failure . Cardiac reserve . Classification and causes of

cardiac failure . Compensatory mechanism

operating in the cardiac failure. . Mechanism of development of

pulmonary edema in late stage of

cardiac failure

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


22

18. HEART SOUNDS AND HEART

DEFECTS . Discuss the physiology of heart

sounds with emphasis on normal

heart valves. (K) . Explain the pathophysiology of

ischemic heart disease and

myocardial infarction. (K)

. Normal and abnormal heart

sounds . Congenital heart defects and their

effects . Causes and presentation of

congenital anomalies of heart

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

19. SHOCK – I . Define shock and classify it on the

basis of pathophysiology. (K) . Enlist the causes of different types

of shock. (K)

. Definition of shock . Classification and causes Clinical

manifestations in different types of

shock

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

20. SHOCK – II . Explain compensatory mechanisms

operative in reversible and

progressive stages of shock. (K) . Describe the physiological

basis of treatment of shock. (K)

. Stages of shock . Compensatory mechanisms in

shock . Pathophysiology of different types

of shock

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


23

PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICALS

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. MEASUREMENT OF BLOOD

PRESSURE

Examine the blood pressure of a

given subject by palpatory and

auscultatory method. (S) . Show gentleness during interaction

with the subject. (A)*

. Protocol while examining blood

pressure. . Palpatory and auscultatory

method of examining the blood

pressure

Practical

2 hours OSPE

2 EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF

POSTURE AND EXERCISE ON

BLOOD PRESSURE . Examine the blood pressure of a

given subject in lying and supine

position. (S) . Examine the blood pressure of a

given subject at rest and after

treadmill exercise. (S) . Organize the examination in a

manner which is comfortable for the

patient. (A)

. Protocol while examining blood

pressure . Physiological basis of Korotkoff

sound

Practical

2 hours OSPE

3 EXAMINATION OF RADIAL AND

PERIPHERAL PULSES . Examine the radial pulse of a given

subject. (S) . Examine the brachial and femoral

pulse of a given subject. (S) . Express concern about patient’s

health. (A)

. Protocol while examining radial

pulse, brachial and femoral pulse . Rate, rhythm, volume, character

and condition of vessel wall

Practical

2 hours

OSPE

4. EXAMINATION OF VEINS . Examine the neck veins and upper

and lower limb veins of a given

subject. (S)

. Difference between arterial and

venous pulse . Significance of engorged neck

veins . Causes and significance of

engorged veins of lower limb (long

and short saphenous vein)

Practical

2 hours OSPE

5. BLS/EVACUATION OF HEART

PATIENT . Perform the steps of basic life

support in a given subject. (S)

. Steps of basic life support

- Responsiveness

- Compression

- Airway

- Breathing

- Defibrillation

Skill Lab

2 hours OSPE

*Attitude


.

24

PHYSIOLOGY SGIS*

S No.

Topics Content Areas Teaching Activity


1. FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD

VESSELS . Discuss the functions of

arteries, veins, capillaries and

lymphatics. (K)

. Functions of arteries, veins,

capillaries and lymphatics . Significance of negative interstitial

fluid pressure as a means for

holding the body fluid tissues

together

SGIS

2 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF

GENERALIZED EDEMA . Discuss the pathophysiology of

causes of generalized edema.

(K)

. Causes of generalized edema . Pathophysiology of edema in

cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome,

cardiac failure

SGIS

2 hour

MCQs

SEQs

3. HYPERTENSION AND BLOOD

PRESSURE REGULATION . Classify and explain the

pathophysiology of

hypertension. (K) . Give overview of blood

pressure regulating

mechanisms

. Classification of hypertension . Effects of hypertension . Pathophysiology of hypertension . Blood pressure regulating

mechanisms

SGIS

2 hour

MCQs

SEQs

4. EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON

CARDIAC OUTPUT AND

STROKE VOLUME . Explain the effect of exercise on

cardiac output and stroke

volume. (K)

. Effect of exercise on cardiac

output . Effect of exercise on stroke

volume . Effect of exercise on venous return

SGIS

2 hour

MCQs

SEQs

5. PULMONARY EDEMA . Describe the pathophysiology of

development of pulmonary

edema in patient of cardiac

failure. (K)

. Pulmonary edema

➢ Causes

➢ Sign and symptoms

➢ Pathophysiological basis

SGIS

2 hour

MCQs

SEQs

*Small group interactive session


25

PHYSIOLOGY SEMINARS

S

No.

Topics*

Content Areas

Teaching

Activity

(Duration)

Assessment

1. Control of local blood flow . Explain the Mechanism of local

blood flow control. (K)

. Mechanism of local blood flow control . Metabolic theory and Oxygen

demand theory for local blood flow

control . Active and reactive hyperemia . Acute control of local blood flow in

kidney, brain and skin . Long term blood flow regulation . Role of vasoconstrictor and

vasodilator agents

Student

Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

2. Regulation of blood pressure . Explain the mechanism of

short-term and long-term control

of blood pressure. (K)

. Vasomotor center . Role of baroreceptors in blood

pressure regulation . Response of baroreceptors to

standing . Chemoreceptor reflex . CNS ischemic response and volume

reflex . Role of renin angiotensin aldosterone

system in long term control of blood

pressure

Student

Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

3. Cardiac output and its regulation . Describe cardiac output and its

regulation. (K)

. Effect of sympathetic and

parasympathetic system on cardiac

output . Stroke volume and its effect on

cardiac output. . Methods of measuring cardiac output . Factors that cause hypereffective

and hypoeffective heart . Role of nervous system in controlling

cardiac output . Factors affecting venous return

Student

Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

4. Coronary circulation, cardiac

failure and shock . Discuss the pathophysiology of

cardiac failure and shock. (K)

. Regulation of coronary circulation . Definition, classification and causes

of cardiac failure . Compensatory mechanisms

operating in the cardiac failure. . Mechanism of development of

pulmonary edema in late stage of

cardiac failure

Student

Presentation

7 mins

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10


26

. Complications of cardiac failure . Hemorrhagic shock . Neurogenic shock . Stages of shock . Compensatory mechanisms in

reversible stage shock


come prepared for the seminars.


Biochemistry

27

BIOCHEMISTRY LECTURES

S No.

Learning Objective By the end of the session, students will


Teaching Activity


1. INTRODUCTION TO LIPIDS . Define and classify lipids along with

their biomedical importance. (K)

. Definition of lipids . Functions of lipids . Biomedical importance of lipids

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFICATION

OF LIPIDS . Discuss the structure and classify

different types of lipids. (K)

. Structure of lipids . Basis of classification of lipids . Classification of lipids . Types and examples of different

classes

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

3. CLASSIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS . Differentiate between nutritionally

essential and nonessential fatty

acids. (K)

. Essential and non-essential fatty

acids

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

4. CLASSIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS -

I . Differentiate between Cis/ trans fatty

acids. (K)

. Cis/ trans fatty acids and their

association with cardiac diseases

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

5. CLASSIFICATION OF FATTY ACIDS -

II . Differentiate between Saturated and

unsaturated fatty acids. (K)

. Saturated and unsaturated fatty

acids . Significance of omega 3 & 6

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

6. COMPOUND LIPIDS . Define compound lipids and discuss

their different types with examples.

(K)

. Definition of compound lipids . Types of compound lipids

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

7.

PHOSPHOLIPIDS . Define, classify and discuss

different types of phospholipids. (K)

. Definition, structure, types,

composition, occurrence and

functions of phospholipids . Glycerophospholipids . Sphingophospholipids

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

8. DISORDERS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS . Discuss the disorders of

phospholipids. (K)

. Respiratory distress syndrome . Paroxysmal nocturnal

hemoglobinuria . Sphingolipidoses . Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

9. CHOLESTEROL . Describe the structure, functions

and biomedical importance of

cholesterol. (K)

. Structure of cholesterol . Steroids and sterols . Substances derived from

cholesterol . Biomedical and clinical

significance of cholesterol

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


28

. Hypercholesterolemia

10. EICOSANOIDS . Discuss the formation and

importance of eicosanoids. (K)

. Types of eicosanoids . Structure and synthesis of

eicosanoids . Therapeutic uses of eicosanoids . Cyclooxygenase-1 and

cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

11. INTRODUCTION TO ENZYMES . Discuss the concept of enzyme

activity. (K)

. Definition of enzymes . Biomedical importance of enzyme

activity

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

12. CLASSIFICATION OF ENZYMES . Describe the Classification of

enzymes. (K)

. Different types of enzymes LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

13. CHEMICAL NATURE AND

MECHANISM OF ACTION OF

ENZYMES . Discuss the chemistry and

mechanism of action of enzymes.

(K)

. Chemical nature of enzymes . Mechanism of action of enzymes

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

14. CATALYTIC MECHANISM OF

ENZYMES . Discuss the multiple mechanisms to

facilitate enzyme catalysis. (K)

. Covalent catalysis . Electrostatic catalysis

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

15. FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME

ACTIVITY- I . Discuss the factors affecting

enzyme activity. (K)

. Enzyme concentration . Substrate concentration . Effect of temperature . Effect of pH

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

16. FACTORS AFFECTING ENZYME

ACTIVITY- II . Discuss the factors affecting

enzyme activity. (K)

. Effects of products of reaction . Cofactors, coenzymes and

prosthetic groups . Inhibitors

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

17. PROPERTIES OF ENZYMES . Discuss different properties of

enzymes. (K)

. Specificity . Nature . Direction of enzyme reaction . Proenzyme . Induction and repression of

enzymes . Isozymes

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

18. REGULATORY ENZYMES . Describe the specialized regulatory

enzymes. (K)

. Allosteric enzymes . Enzymes which are regulated

through covalent modification . Enzymes regulated by Ca++ ions

and calmodulin

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs


29

BIOCHEMISTRY SGIS

S No.

Learning Objectives By the end of this session students


Instructional Tool


1. LIPID STORAGE DISEASES . Enumerate and explain different

types of lipid storage diseases.

(K)

. Niemann-Pick disease . Fabrys disease . Gauchers disease . Tay-Sachs disease

SGIS

2 hours

MCQs

SEQs

2. PROSTAGLANDINS AND

THROMBOXANES. . Discuss the role of

prostaglandins and

thromboxanes. (K)

. Synthesis of PGI2 and TXA2 . Inhibition of prostaglandins

synthesis. . Role of prostaglandins in platelet

homeostasis.

SGIS

2 hours

MCQs

SEQs

3. LEUKOTRIENES . Discuss the role of leukotrienes.

(K)

. Synthesis of leukotrienes. . Role of leukotrienes in allergic

response and inflammation. . Role of slow reacting substances in

anaphylaxis.

SGIS

2 hours

MCQs

SEQs

4. CLINICAL ENZYMOLOGY - I . Discuss the clinically used

enzymes. (K)

. Biochemical role of enzymes in . Diagnostic value of serum enzyme

levels . Special diagnostic tests using

enzymes

SGIS

2 hours

MCQs

SEQs

5. CLINICAL ENZYMOLOGY - II . Describe enzymes as disease

markers and their use as drugs.

(K)

. Role of enzymes in diagnosis of

different disorders . Therapeutic uses of enzymes . Enzyme inhibitors as medicines

SGIS

2 hours

MCQs

SEQs


30

BIOCHEMISTRY PRACTICALS

S No.


will be able to: Content areas

Teaching activity


1. INTRODUCTION TO LIPID

CHEMISTRY . Prepare, observe and draw the

cholesterol crystals. (S)

. Detection of lipids in the given solution . Solubility of cholesterol . Crystallization

Practical

2 hours OSPE

2. EMULSIFICATION . Demonstrate the process of

emulsification. (S)

. Emulsification of natural fats . Emulsions . Interpretation and biomedical

importance of emulsification

Practical

2 hours OSPE

3. SALKOWSKI TEST . Perform the color test for

cholesterol. (S)

. Detection of unsaturated sterols . Separation of cholesterol from

cholesterol esters . Interpretation of results

Practical

2 hours OSPE

4. ESTIMATION OF GAMMA

GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE

(GGT) . Estimation of concentration of

GGT in given solution. (S)

. Estimation of GGT . Interpretation of results and its

biomedical importance

Practical

2 hours OSPE

5. THERMOABILITY OF ENZYMES . Detect the effect of temperature

on enzyme activity (S)

. Enzyme activity . Effect of temperature on salivary

amylase . Hydrolysis of starch . Iodine test . Interpretation of results

Practical

2 hours OSPE


31

BIOCHEMISTRY SEMINARS

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. COMPOUND LIPIDS . Describe types, structure,

composition, occurrence and

functions of compound lipids.

(K)

. Definition of compound lipids . Different types, structure and

Composition of compound lipids . Functions of

compound lipids.

Student

Presentation 7

minutes

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

2. CLASSIFICATION OF FATTY

ACIDS . Discuss different types of

classification of fatty acids. (K)

. Classification of fatty acids . Essential and nonessential fatty

acids . Cis/trans fatty acids . Saturated and unsaturated fatty

acids . Nutritionally important fatty acids

Student

Presentation 7

minutes

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

3. CLASSIFICATION OF ENZYMES . Describe the classification

chemical nature and mechanism

of action of enzymes. (K)

. Different classes of enzymes . Chemical nature of different

enzymes . Mechanism of action of different

enzymes

Student

Presentation 7

minutes

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

4. CLINICAL ENZYMOLOGY . Discuss the role of enzymes in

clinical diagnosis. (K)

. Plasma enzyme levels in disease

states. . Plasma enzymes as diagnostic

tools. . Isoenzymes and diseases of the

heart.

Student

Presentation 7

minutes

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

5. ECOSANOIDS . Discuss the comparison

between thromboxane A2 and

prostaglandin I2 (PGI2). (K)

. Similarities and differences

between thromboxane A2 and

PGI2

Student

Presentation 7

minutes

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10


come prepared for the seminars.


32

PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)

AND

CASE BASED LEARNING (CBL)

. Two PBL and one CBL sessions will be conducted in this module. . Each PBL will be introduced in one week and will be discussed in the next one taking two weeks in total for each

PBL

Learning Tool Theme Disease scenario outline Subjects integrated in PBL Learning objectives will be

from

PBL 1 Walking with a limp Peripheral vascular disease

Intermittent claudication

Anatomy, physiology, biochemistry and medicine/surgery

PBL 2 Swollen legs Varicose veins Anatomy, physiology,

biochemistry, pathology and surgery

CBL Headache Hypertension Anatomy, physiology,

biochemistry, pharmacology and medicine

Learning resources:

The students will be guided to look for the relevant study material from the books guided by each discipline in this

study guide in their relevant section in addition to the other reference books from the college library.


33

INTEGRATED SEMINARS

S No.

TOPIC Content Areas Teaching Activity


1. Coronary artery disease (K)

Resource person from biochemistry

Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry,

Medicine, Pharmacology

Student

Presentations

7 mins

(2 hours)

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10

2. Shock (K)

Resource person from physiology

Anatomy, Physiology, Biochemistry,

Medicine, Pharmacology

Student

Presentations

7 mins

(2 hours)

Marking /

Evaluation

Marks 10


VerticalIntegration

34

PATHOLOGY LECTURES

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. Pathophysiology of cardiovascular

disorder . Describe the major types of CVS

disorder and their clinical

presentations. (K)

1. Common clinical types of CVS

disorders . Congenital . Ischemic heart disease . Infective endocarditis

2. Common clinical presentation

of cardiovascular diseases . Cyanosis/ failure to thrive . Chest pain/ breathlessness . Irregular heart beats . Fever

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. Pathophysiology of shock . Describe the pathogenesis of

shock. (K) . Enlist various type of shock and its

clinical presentation. (K)

1. Definition of shock

2. Common clinical presentations of

shock . Hypotension . Tachypnea . Cold Clammy/flushed, cyanotic

skin

3. Types and pathogenesis of shock . Cardiogenic shock . Hypovolemic shock . Distributive shock

4. Stages of shock

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

Learning resources: Robbins and Cotran. Pathologic basis of disease. 9th edition, 2015


35

PHARMACOLOGY LECTURES

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. DRUGS USED IN DYSLIPIDEMIAS

. Enlist drug groups used to treat

dyslipidemias and outline

mechanism of action of these

groups in relation to normal

cholesterol biosynthesis. (K)

. Classification of drugs used in

dyslipidemias

. Mechanism of action of

hypolipidemic drugs in relation to

normal cholesterol transport and

metabolism

. Major adverse effects of statin

therapy

LGIS

1 hour MCQs

2. ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS

. Enlist major drug groups of

antihypertensive drugs and

correlate their site and mechanism

of action and adverse effects in

relation to the physiological

regulation of blood pressure. (K)

. Classification of antihypertensive

drugs

. Hemodynamic effects of

antihypertensive drugs

. Clinical pharmacology of

antihypertensive drugs - Stepped

care management of hypertension.

LGIS

1 hour MCQs

Learning resource: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Bertram G. Katzung, 13th edition, 2015.


36

COMMUNITY MEDICINE LECTURES

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. . Identify the epidemiological

determinants of cardiovascular

disease. (K) . Develop various preventive

strategies for cardiovascular

disease. (K)

. Causes of cardiovascular

diseases . Various preventive measures of

cardiovascular diseases . Various cardiovascular diseases

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQ

2. . Conduct literature search of

published articles related to

cardiovascular system through

various search engines. (S)

. Searching and saving the articles

related to cardiovascular system. . Summarizing the selected

published articles

SGIS

2 hours OSPE

Learning resource: Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 23rd edition, 2015.


37

MEDICINE LECTURES

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. Hypertension

Define and classify hypertension. (K)

Discuss the pathophysiology of sign

and symptoms and complications of

hypertension. (K)

. Causes

. Risk factor

. Sign and symptoms

. Complications

LGIS

1 hour

MCQs

SEQs

2. Basic life support

. Perform the steps of basic life

support in a patient. (S)

Steps of basic life support

. Responsiveness

. Compression

. Airway

. Breathing

. Defibrillation

Skill lab

2 hours OSCE

Learning resource: Davidsons Principles and Practice of Medicine, 22nd edition


38

PEDIATRICS LECTURE

S No.



Teaching Activity


1. CONGENITAL CARDIAC DISEASES . Discuss abnormal development of

heart and fetal circulation . Discuss clinical approach to patient

with common congenital heart

diseases (K)

. Developmental defects in heart

and fetal circulation . Classification of congenital heart

diseases . Clinical presentations of Tetralogy

of Fallot (TOF) and ventricular

septal defect (VSD) . Treatment options for TOF and

VSD

LGIS

1 hour MCQs

Learning resource: Basis of pediatrics. Pervaiz Akbar Khan, 8 th edition


39

SURGERY LECTURES

S No.

Learning Objectives By the end of the session,

students will be able to: Content Areas

Teaching Activity


1. VARICOSE VEINS . Explain the venous anatomy

and the physiology of

venous return. (K) . Explain the pathophysiology

of venous hypertension . Discuss the clinical

significance and

management of superficial

venous reflux, venous

ulceration and venous

thromboembolism. (K)

. Symptoms . Clinical signs . Clinical tests . Role of Doppler/duplex studies . Conservative management . Surgical management . Deep venous thrombosis

LGIS

1 hour MCQs

2. HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK . Describe the

pathophysiology of shock

and ischemia. (K) . Discuss reperfusion injury.

(K) . Explain the different patterns

of shock and the principles

and priorities of

resuscitation. (K) . Describe appropriate

monitoring and end points of

resuscitation. (K) . Discuss the use of blood

and blood products. (K) . Describe the benefits and

risks of blood transfusion.

(K)

. Pathophysiology . Classification of shock . Hypovolaemic shock . Compensated shock . Decompensation . Unresuscitatable shock . Multiple organ failure . Conduct of resuscitation . End points of resuscitation LGIS

1 hour MCQs

Learning resource: Clinical Anatomy by Regions, Richard S. Snell, 9 th edition, 2012

Bailey and Love Short Practice of Surgery. Norman S. Williams, 26th edition, 2013


Timetable

TIM

ET

AB

LE

C

AR

DIO

VA

SC

UL

AR

MO

DU

LE

W

EE

K 1

Tim

e

0800

0820

0820-0

910

0910-1

000

1000

1020

1020-1

110

111

0-1

300

1300

1315

1315-1

500

Mo

nd

ay

Introduction to the module

Phys

iolo

gy

Intr

od

ucti

on

to

cir

cu

lato

ry s

yste

m-I

Bio

chem

istr

y In

tro

du

cti

on

to

li

pid

s

B

R

E

A

K

Anato

my

Intr

od

ucti

on

to

C

VS

A.

His

to -

Art

ery

Namaz Break

Anato

my

Dem

onst

ratio

n

Th

ora

cic

Cag

e

B.

Ph

ysio

- M

easu

rem

en

t o

f b

loo

d p

ressu

re

C.

Bio

- In

tro

du

cti

on

to

lip

ids

ch

em

istr

y

D.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

Fu

ncti

on

s o

f b

loo

d v

essels

Tu

esd

ay

Islamic Studies

His

tolo

gy

Art

eri

al

syste

m

Phys

iolo

gy

Intr

od

ucti

on

to

cir

cu

lato

ry s

yste

m-I

I

Bio

chem

istr

y S

tru

ctu

re a

nd

cla

ssifi

cati

on

of

lip

ids

A.

Ph

ysio

-

Anato

my

Dem

onst

rationJo

ints

an

d

Mu

scle

s o

f th

e T

ho

rax

B.

Bio

-

C.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

D.

His

to

Wed

nesd

ay

Bio

chem

istr

y C

lassifi

cati

on

of

fatt

y a

cid

s-I

Phys

iolo

gy

Vascu

lar

Dis

ten

sib

ilit

y a

nd

fu

ncti

on

s o

f vein

s

Em

bry

olo

gy

Cir

cu

lato

ry s

yste

m -

I

A.

Bio

-

Anato

my

Dem

onst

rationM

ed

iasti

nu

m

B.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

C.

His

to -

D.

Ph

ysio

-

Th

urs

day

Bio

chem

istr

y C

lassifi

cati

on

of

fatt

y a

cid

s-I

I

Physi

olo

gy

Mic

ro-c

ircu

lati

on

an

d its

sig

nifi

can

ce

Bio

chem

istr

y S

em

inar

A.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

PB

L 1

P

eri

phera

l vasc

ula

r dis

ease

B

. H

isto

-

C.

Ph

ysio

-

D.

Bio

-

Fri

day

0800-0

900

0900-1

100

1100

-1200

1200-1

300

Phys

iolo

gy

Sem

inar

Bio

chem

istr

y

SG

IS

Lip

id s

tora

ge d

iseases

Com

munity

Medic

ine

Ep

idem

iolo

gy o

f C

VS

dis

ord

ers

A

nato

my

S

em

inar

Satu

rday

Ho

lid

ay

Su

nd

ay

Ho

lid

ay

NO

TE

: A

t le

ast

75%

att

en

dan

ce is m

an

dato

ry t

o a

pp

ear

in t

he U

niv

ers

ity E

xam

inati

on

.

Co

nta

ct H

ou

rs

An

ato

my:

12

Ph

ysio

logy

: 9

Bio

che

mis

try:

9

PB

L: 2

Ver

�ca

l - C

om

mu

nit

y M

edic

ine:

1


TIM

ET

AB

LE

C

AR

DIO

VA

SC

UL

AR

MO

DU

LE

WE

EK

2

Tim

e

0800

0820

0820-0

910

0910-1

000

1000

1020

1020-1

110

Mo

nd

ay

Islamic Studies

His

tolo

gy

Ven

ou

s s

yste

m

Phys

iolo

gy

Co

ntr

ol

of

local

blo

od

flo

w-I

B

R

E

A

K

Bio

chem

istr

y C

lassifi

cati

on

of

fatt

y

acid

s-I

II

Tu

esd

ay

Phys

iolo

gy

Co

ntr

ol

of

local

blo

od

flo

w-I

I

Bio

chem

istr

y C

om

po

un

d lip

ids

Anato

my

Sem

inar

Wed

nesd

ay

B

ioch

emis

try

Ph

osp

ho

lip

ids

Pharm

acolo

gy

Dru

gs u

sed

in

dysli

pid

em

ias

Phys

iolo

gy

Vaso

mo

tor

cen

ter

Th

urs

day

Bio

chem

istr

y D

iso

rders

of

Ph

osp

ho

lip

ids

Phys

iolo

gy

Co

ron

ary

cir

cu

lati

on

Em

bry

olo

gy

Develo

pm

en

t o

f H

eart

-

Fri

day

0800-0

900

0900-1

100

Phys

iolo

gy

Sh

ort

term

reg

ula

tio

n o

f b

loo

d p

ressu

re -

I

Bio

chem

istr

y

SG

IS

Pro

sta

gla

nd

ins &

th

rom

bo

xan

es

Satu

rday

Ho

lid

ay

Su

nd

ay

Ho

lid

ay

NO

TE

: A

t le

ast

75%

att

en

dan

ce is m

an

dato

ry t

o a

pp

ear

in t

he U

niv

ers

ity E

xam

inati

on

.

An

ato

my:

11

Ph

ysio

logy

: 8

Bio

che

mis

try:

1110

-1300

1300

1315

1315-1

500

A.

His

to -

Vein

Namaz Break

Anato

my

Dem

onst

ratio

n

Inte

racti

ve S

essio

n

B.

Ph

ysio

-

C.

Bio

- E

mu

lsifi

cati

on

D

. P

hy -

SG

IS –

A

. P

hysio

- E

ffect

of

po

stu

re

an

d e

xerc

ise o

n b

loo

d

pre

ssu

re

Anato

my

Dem

onst

rationP

eri

card

ium

&

heart

B

. B

io -

C.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

D.

His

to

A.

Bio

-

Anato

my

Dem

onst

rationC

ham

bers

o

f th

e h

eart

B.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

C.

His

to -

D.

Ph

ysio

-

I

A.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

P

BL 1

P

eri

ph

era

l vascu

lar

dis

ease

B.

His

to-

C.

Ph

ysio

-

D.

Bio

-

1100

-1300

Inte

gra

ted s

emin

ar

Co

ron

ary

art

eri

al d

isease

Reso

urc

e p

ers

on

: B

ioch

em

istr

y

Co

nta

ct H

ou

rs

8 P

BL:

2

Inte

grat

ed S

emin

ar: 2

V

er�

cal -

Ph

arm

acol

ogy

: 1


TIM

ET

AB

LE

C

AR

DIO

VA

SC

UL

AR

MO

DU

LE

W

EE

K 3

Tim

e

0800

0820

0820-0

910

0910-1

000

1000

1020

1020-1

110

1110

-1300

1300

1315

1315-1

500

Mo

nd

ay

Islamic Studies

Phys

iolo

gy

Sh

ort

term

reg

ula

tio

n

of

blo

od

pre

ssu

re-I

I

Bio

chem

istr

y C

ho

lest

ero

l

B

R

E

A

K

His

tolo

gy

Heart

&

cap

illa

ries

A.

His

to -

Heart

Namaz Break

Anato

my

Dem

onst

ratio

n

Inte

racti

ve s

essio

n

B.

Ph

ysio

– E

xam

inati

on

of

C

. B

io -

Salk

ow

ski te

st

D.

Ph

y -

SG

IS –

h

yp

ert

en

sio

n/B

P c

on

tro

l

Tu

esd

ay

Bio

chem

istr

y

Eico

san

oid

s

Phys

iolo

gy

Lo

ng

term

re

gu

lati

on

of

blo

od

flo

w-I

Medic

ine

Hyp

ert

en

sio

n

E.

Ph

ysio

-

Anato

my

Dem

onst

ratio

n

Art

eri

al

su

pp

ly o

f th

e

heart

A.

Bio

-

B.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

C.

His

to

Wed

nesd

ay

Anato

my

Cir

cu

lato

ry s

yste

m -

II

Phys

iolo

gy

L

on

g t

erm

re

gu

lati

on

of

blo

od

flo

w-I

I

Stu

dent fe

edback

A.

Bio

-

Anato

my

Dem

onst

ratio

n

Ven

ou

s d

rain

ag

e,

nerv

e s

up

ply

&

co

nd

ucti

ng

syste

m

B.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

C.

His

to -

D.

Ph

ysio

-

Th

urs

day

Bio

chem

istr

y

Intr

od

ucti

on

to

en

zym

es

Pharm

aco

logy

An

ti-h

yp

ert

en

siv

e

dru

gs

Em

bry

olo

gy

Develo

pm

en

t o

f H

eart

- II

A.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

C

BL

H

ypert

ensi

on

B.

His

to-

C.

Ph

ysio

-

D.

Bio

-

Fri

day

0800-0

900

0900-1

000

1000-1

200

1200-1

300

Bio

chem

istr

y

Cla

ssifi

cati

on

of

en

zym

es

Path

olo

gy

Path

op

hysio

log

y o

f card

iovascu

lar

dis

ord

ers

Bio

chem

istr

y

SG

IS

Leu

ko

trie

nes

Phys

iolo

gy

Sem

inar

Satu

rday

Ho

lid

ay

Su

nd

ay

Ho

lid

ay

NO

TE

: A

t le

ast

75%

att

en

dan

ce is m

an

dato

ry t

o a

pp

ear

in t

he U

niv

ers

ity E

xam

inati

on

.

C

on

tact

Ho

urs

A

nat

om

y: 1

1 P

hys

iolo

gy:

8 B

ioch

em

istr

y: 9

C

BL:

2

Ver

�ca

l - M

edic

ine:

1, P

har

mac

olo

gy: 1

, Pat

ho

logy

: 1


TIM

ET

AB

LE

C

AR

DIO

VA

SC

UL

AR

MO

DU

LE

W

EE

K 4

Tim

e

0800

0820

0820-0

910

0910-1

000

1000

1020

1020-1

110

111

0-1

300

1300

1315

1315-1

500

Mo

nd

ay

Islamic Studies

His

tolo

gy

R

evie

w

Phys

iolo

gy

Card

iac o

utp

ut-

I

B

R

E

A

K

Bio

chem

istr

y C

hem

ical n

atu

re &

m

ech

an

ism

of

acti

on

o

f en

zym

es

A.

His

to -

Revie

w

Namaz Break

Anato

my

D

em

onst

ration

Gre

at

vessels

B.

Ph

ysio

- E

xam

inati

on

of

C

. B

io -

Esti

mati

on

of

gam

ma

D

. P

hy -

SG

IS– E

ffect

of

exerc

ise o

n c

ard

iac o

utp

ut

Tu

esd

ay

Phys

iolo

gy

Card

iac o

utp

ut-

II

Bio

chem

istr

y C

ata

lyti

c

mech

an

ism

of

en

zym

e

Em

bry

olo

gy

Bir

th d

efe

cts

of

heart

A.

Ph

ysio

-

Anato

my

Dem

onst

ration

Vascu

latu

re &

ly

mp

hati

cs o

f th

ora

x

B.

Bio

-

C.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

D.

His

to

Wed

nesd

ay

Bio

chem

istr

y F

acto

rs a

ffecti

ng

en

zym

e a

cti

vit

y -

I

Phys

iolo

gy

Ven

ou

s r

etu

rn a

nd

it

s r

eg

ula

tio

n

Pedia

tric

s C

on

gen

ital card

iac

dis

eases

A.

Bio

-

Anato

my

D

em

onst

ration

Nerv

es o

f th

ora

x

B.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

C.

His

to -

D.

Ph

ysio

-

Th

urs

day

Bio

chem

istr

y F

acto

rs a

ffecti

ng

en

zym

e a

cti

vit

y -

II

Surg

ery

V

ari

co

se v

ein

s

Em

bry

olo

gy

Develo

pm

en

t o

f art

eri

al syste

m

A.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

PB

L 2

V

arico

se v

ein

s

B.

His

to-

C.

Ph

ysio

-

D.

Bio

-

Fri

day

0800-0

900

0900-1

100

1100

-1200

1200-1

000

Phys

iolo

gy

Blo

od

flo

w d

uri

ng

exerc

ise

Bio

chem

istr

y

SG

IS

Cli

nic

al

en

zym

olo

gy -

I

Anato

my

Sem

inar

Bio

chem

istr

y

Sem

inar

Satu

rday

Ho

lid

ay

Su

nd

ay

Ho

lid

ay

NO

TE

: A

t le

ast

75%

att

en

dan

ce is m

an

dato

ry t

o a

pp

ear

in t

he U

niv

ers

ity E

xam

inati

on

.

Co

nta

ct H

ou

rs

An

ato

my:

11

Ph

ysio

logy

: 8

Bio

che

mis

try:

9

PB

L: 2

Ver

�ca

l - P

ead

s: 1

,Su

rge

ry:1


TIM

ET

AB

LE

C

AR

DIO

VA

SC

UL

AR

MO

DU

LE

W

EE

K 5

Tim

e

0800

0820

0820-0

910

0910-1

000

1000

1020

1020-1

110

111

0-1

300

1300

1315

1315-1

500

Mo

nd

ay

Islamic Studies

Anato

my

Develo

pm

en

t o

f ven

ou

s s

yste

m

Phys

iolo

gy

Card

iac f

ailu

re

B

R

E

A

K

Bio

chem

istr

y S

em

inar

A.

Co

mm

un

ity m

ed

icin

e -

SG

IS

Namaz Break

Anato

my

In

tera

cti

ve s

essio

n

B.

Skill la

b -

BL

S/

evalu

ati

on

of

C

. B

io -

Th

erm

oab

ilit

y o

f en

zym

es

D.

Ph

y-S

GIS

- P

ulm

on

ary

ed

em

a

Tu

esd

ay

Phys

iolo

gy

Heart

so

un

ds a

nd

h

eart

defe

cts

Bio

chem

istr

y P

rop

ert

ies o

f en

zym

es

Em

bry

olo

gyC

ircu

lati

on

b

efo

re a

nd

aft

er

bir

th

A.

Ph

ysio

-

Anato

my

S

urf

ace a

nato

my &

ra

dio

gra

ph

s

B.

Bio

-

C.

Skill la

b

D.

Co

mm

un

ity m

ed

icin

e-

SG

IS

Wed

nesd

ay

Phys

iolo

gy

Sh

ock -

I

Bio

chem

istr

y R

eg

ula

tio

n o

f en

zym

es

Path

olo

gy

Path

og

en

esis

of

sh

ock

A.

Bio

-

Anato

my

E

mb

ryo

log

y m

od

els

B

. P

hy -

SG

IS -

C.

Co

mm

un

ity m

ed

icin

e-

SG

IS

D.

Skill la

b

Th

urs

day

Bio

chem

istr

y S

em

inar

Surg

ery

T

rau

mati

c s

ho

ck

Phys

iolo

gy

Sh

ock -

II

A.

Skill la

b

PB

L 2

V

ari

co

se v

ein

s

B.

Co

mm

un

ity m

ed

icin

e-

SG

IS

C.

Ph

y -

SG

IS -

D.

Bio

-

Fri

day

0800-0

900

0900-1

100

1100

-1300

Phys

iolo

gy

Mo

du

le w

rap

up

sessio

n

Bio

chem

istr

y

SG

IS

Cli

nic

al

en

zym

olo

gy -

II

Inte

gra

ted s

emin

ar

Sh

ock

Reso

urc

e p

ers

on

: P

hysio

log

y

Satu

rday

Ho

lid

ay

Su

nd

ay

Ho

lid

ay

NO

TE

: A

t le

ast

75%

att

en

dan

ce is m

an

dato

ry t

o a

pp

ear

in t

he U

niv

ers

ity E

xam

inati

on

.

C

on

tact

Ho

urs

A

nat

om

y: 1

1 P

hys

iolo

gy:

7 B

ioch

em

istr

y: 8

P

BL:

2

Inte

grat

ed S

emin

ar: 2

V

er�

cal -

Pat

holo

gy: 1

, Med

icin

e: 2

, Su

rger

y:1


YUSRA MEDICAL & DENTAL COLLEGE, ISLAMABADZaraj Housing Scheme, Opp DHA Phase II, Gate 3

Main GT Road, Islamabad.Phone: 5709443-5 Fax: 5709428

& D l ea nci tade l CM oa llr es gu eY

Al-Quran: 94; 5


verily, along with every al-quran: 94; 5 study...

Documents