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1&'fkrmSug kshulr.;akhg fmr n,mEug ,lajk iEu mqoa.,hskagum%udKj;aiy idOdrK oekaulaksl=;a lsu'

2&'n,mEug ,lajk iEu mqoa.,fhl=gu fhda; fkrmSu ms


33/105

fomd;fka;=jla" ixia:djla" jHjia:dms; uKav,hla" m%dfoaYSh wldhla"

iud.ula" jHdmdrhla fyda mqoa.,fhlayg kEu jHdmD;shla l%shd;aul lsug

m%:u mir wud;Hjrhd iska ^.ei u.ska& klr we;s wod, ksfhda;

wdh;kfhka wkque;shla .ekSu wjYH f'

tfukau23 BB^1& j.ka;shg wkql+,j" wod, wkque;sh ,nd.ekSug k wod, ld,

mrdih ;=, uQ,sl mdil mCIK jd:djla fyda mdil n,mE

;lafiare jd:djla,ndu wksjdh f'

mdil wOHhk jd:d ieliSf ck;d woyiauiSu b;d jeo.;a ldhhla

f' Y%S ,xldf kef.kysr uqyqnv m%foaYfha bl, T,a uyd mudK

jr jrdh fya;=fjkais we;s yd isfjkamj;sk fjr< Ldokh nrm;,

.eg`Mjla njg m;a we;s w;r" fuu jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsug fmr m%dfoaYShck;djf.a yd is,aixOdk j, y`vg weyqlkafkd" foaYmd,k Wjukdjka

u; isl< fuu jHdmD;sh mirhg fukau ck;djgo uydmudKfhka

kdYld m%M, w;alr foka ;sf'

jrdh ieliSug fmr yd miq T,am%foaYfha.=jkaPdhdrEm

25


34/105

5'11 rch iska wdmodjkag ,lah yels yd fkdi,ldyeug ,la jQ

lKavdh we;=Mj iqmkak jr m%cdjkag yd ;ks mqoa.,hska yg

N=la;s whs;sjdisl ms


35/105

oe f,i udkj ysl W,a,x>khg ,lajQjr m%cdjkayg Tjqkaf.a

; yd jk jD;a;Ska k.d isgqjd .ekSug wjYH iydh u i|yd

rdcHhka iska hdka;%Khlaia:dms; l< hq;=hs'iajdNdl wdmod fyda

ikakoaO wr., inkaO tjeks mshjrhkays N=la;s m%;sm;a;Skays

ldka;djkag tfrysj we;s kEu wdldrhl fjkiafldg ie,lSula;=rkalsu m%jOkh lr iy;sl l< hq;=f'

5'^wd& ;srir im;a l


36/105

5'15 iqmkak jr m%cdjka iska Tjqkaf.akS;Hdkql+, N=la;swhs;sjdisl

ie,ls,a,g .ekSu i|yd iy ish iqNidOkh fjkqfjka;ud hefmk

iy ish jk jD;a;Ska i|yd im%odhslj Nd;d lrkq ,nk im;a

l


37/105

5'16 iqq mkak jr ludka;hg fhda.H yd iqiqwdldrfhkaia:dms;j we;s

wlaIK" md,k iy wdflaIK moaO;s ^MCS) ksis f,i l%shd;aul

jk njg fyda w;ska ia:dms; lsug rch iska iy;sl h hq;=h'

fhda.H m iqmkak jr lafIa;% l%shdldka inkaO lr .kska

iy iyl


38/105

tl jQ tajd njg;ardcHhka iskata;a;=.ekah hq;=h' tl;ajh

m, lrk ,o l


39/105

5'20 iqMmkak jr ludka;hg mSvdld m%;sM, w;alrfoka im;a

wiQrdlEulg ,lalsug odhl hyels ludka;fha wOd;djla

we;slsug wkqn, fok m%;sm;a;Ska yd uQ,Hh l%shdud. j,ska rdcHhka

je


40/105

32


41/105

02 jk mfPaoh

iudc ixjOkh fiajd kshqla;sh yd fhda.H /lshdjlksr; u' ;srir iqMmkak jr u.fmka ud,df fojk fldgfia 6 jk

mfofha iudc ixjOkh fiajd kshqla;sh fhda.H /lshdjl ksr;u

ms


42/105

jrhdf.a iudc ixjOkh ms


43/105

isoa wOHhkh(

l,amsh m;aj, jr ck;djf.a iudc ixjOkh

vf" WuqfKa" fudfyd;a;=jdru jr .udk wdYS %; iudc

wd:sl ;;ajhkal,amsh wOoamh wdYS%; m;a 32 ls' fuu m;a w;ka

lsSuqkao,u"fudfyd;a;=jr"m,a,sh j;a; yd n;a;,.=Kavqj hk m;aj,

jr ckhdg wjqre 200 l b;sydihla o we;'fuu m;aj, ck;djg

hqoaOfhka miqld,Skj o lsis ixjOk jevms


44/105

fuu m%foaYfha wOHdmk fiajh .;a g lsSuqKao,u m%foaYfha ;snqKq

mdi,aWuqfkag udre lr we;s w;r fuu mdi,aj, m%udKj;a.=rejreka

o fkdue;'tfukau m%jdyk .eg`M u; .=rejreka o mdi,g fkdmefKk

w;r fndfydauhla.=rejre fuu mdi,aj,g mefKkafkao`vqj udre u;h'

tfukau o< mdi,l m%Odk y,am;s yd .=rejreka o isxy, jk w;r

orejka o< NdIdj l:d lsuo orejkag .eg`M iy.; ;;a;aajhls'

tfukau fuu m%foaYhkag rdcHh fiajlhskaf.a meKSu b;du;awjuf'

fYAIfhkau .%du ks


45/105

miq wiajkq ;dlaIKh yd l,am wdlh

fuu u.fmka ud,df 6'6 - 6'9 j.ka;s j, ioyka jkafka c,h

fyda f.dvf ldka;dj fyda mqreIhd iska iq`Mmkak jr ludka;h

,odufhys wiajekak fk,sf fyda miqj islrk ls%hdldrl wdluh

yd jD;a;suh fufyhqula jYfhka ms


46/105

iqmkak jr m%cdjkag wh;a ldka;djkag yd mqreIhkaghqla;sh bgqlsu ^6'10&

iqmkak jr m%cdjkag wh;a ldka;djka yd mqreIhskayg isjk

m%pKav;ajhka yd wmpdr i|yd idOdrK;ajh iy hqla;sh bIaG lsug rdcHhka

ne isk w;r tai|yd jq ,xldf kg mj;sk kS;s ;syd iuq;Ska iu; ;snqKo tajd n,d;aul lsf l%shdj,sh u;aj is fkdf' tu ksid fuu

iuq;Ska yd u. fmka ud,djkamok lr .kskarf mj;sk m%;sm;a;Ska

iy kS;S;Ska u;aj n,d;aul lsf wjYH;djh i|yd kdhlhskafhduq lr

u is h hq;=h'

jy,a nka fouq''''''''

mh ;o lr"oe,a fha nrgy;s,ka Tre lo ,`.g wd g

n,dfmdfrd;a;= rdishla''''''

lrmskakdf.k Kh rdYshla

w;ayer oukakg neye

ta y;r jka wd wj,do neKq

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r


47/105

ldka;d m%{ma;ssh

1993 ud;= ui 3 jk osk YS% ,xld rch iskaldka;d m%{ma;sh wkqu;

lrk ,oS' fuu m%{ma;sh ;=


48/105

ixl%uKsl jr ludka;h

jr ludka;h YS% ,xld uqyq ;Srfha wdrNjkafkau iq`Mmkak

jr wdmkak ;=


49/105

W;=rg ixl%uKsl jrhkaf.a meKSu fya;=fjka Woa.; jkakd jQ.eg i`od .ekSu i`oyd islrk ,o wOHhk jd;df ksfoaYhka

01' kS;Sfrdaj n,m;%fkdue;sj ixl%uKh jkakkag kS;Suh mshjrhka.ekSu'

02' fmd,sish wmlaImd;sj l%shd l< hq;=h'

03' ,hs Nd;fhkais lrk mkak l%u j, kdYh ms


50/105

ICESCRiyILO j.ka;s

VGSSFys6'12 j.ka;sh ;=< je wjOdkhlafhduqlrkafkaiqMmkak jr

ldlhskaf.aiy Y%lhskaf.ajD;a;sh fi!LHh .eg`M" wdrlaIdj" widOdrK

fiajd" mirh ms


51/105

iqM jrhskanyq;rhlaksr; isk ud oe,aludka;fhajy,aNdjh

f;dvqjdf isg lsSuqkao,u" WuqfKa olajd udoe,af;dgqm,j,a

50 lg wl m%udKhla ;sf'fuu iEu udoe,a mdvqjlu 50"60 l

m%udKhla llre jD;a;sfha kshe,S we;'fuu udoe,a fiajlhska

wjqreoao mqrdu fuu udoe,a ludka;fhys ksr;f'Tjqka udi 06 la

fuu m%foaYfha;u ludka;fhafhfok w;r b;s udi 06 W;=re

kef.kysr m%foaYfhys /lshdfys ksr; f' fudjqka mx.= l%uhg

jev lrk w;r fuys fiajlhskare'25"000 isg re'50"000 olajd ud oe,a

yshkaf.ka Kh ,nd .kshs' fuu ludka;fhaish l


52/105


53/105

,xldf wOHdmk ;;a;ajh ^2010 uy nexl= jd;djg wkqj&

idudkH wOHdmkh

uqM mdi,a ixLHdj 10"492 ^2010&

thskArcfha mdi,aixLHdj 9"675fjk;amdi,a 340

fm!oa.,sl 817

.=re YsIH wkqmd;h ^rcfha& 18 ^2010&

YAj oHd, 15

w'fmd'i Wiiafm< isg Yaj oHd,hg we;=,;a u ^2010&

iqiql ,eu 61'0]

we;=,;au 17'2]

wOHdmk .eg`M

m%dfoaYSh Iu;djh ^.%dh mdi,a jeiS hdu&

wOHdmkh iudc Iu;djh iu`. neoS mej;Su

mj;sk wOHdmk l%uh Y%u fj


54/105

uy uqyqfoa wdrlaIdj 6'16

uy uqyqfoawdrlaIdj m%udKj;aj fkd;su ksid fndfyda wjia:djkaj, iqMmkak

jr ludka;fhafhoS isk jrhska .eg`Mj,g uqyqK fohs'fuhg m%Odk fya;=j

f,i i`oykajkafka"

m%cdjf.a oekqu wvqNdjh

uqyqfoa wdrlaIdj i|yd f,dal wdydr yd lDIslu ixOdkfha f,dal

llre yd cd;Hka;r kdl ixOdkfha cd;Hka;r uf.damfoaYj, kS;s ;s

iy fr.=,dis kshudldrfhka Nd;d fkdlsu'tfukau uyuqyqfoa wdrlaIdj

inkaOj rdcHhkaiskaj.n,d .ekSulais fkdlsu fya;+ we;'

1994 fkdjen 16 id.r kS;sh rgj,a154 l w;aikaiys;j iu; lr .;a; o fuu

kS;ska u;aj cd;sl kS;skaiu`. noaO lr fkd.ekSu ksid;a ta u; mokj m%;sm;a;s

imdokh fkdu;aksid ;j rg;a jrhskauqyqfoawk;=rej,g ,la u isf'

1994 fkdjen 16 iu; l, tlai;acd;Skaf.aixOdkfha

id.r kS;sh iqMmkak jrhskaiskauqyqfoa wdrlaIdj ms


55/105

VGSSFys ioykamos l,dmSh iyfhda.S;djh 6'17

VGSSF ys 17 jk j.ka;sfha m%Odk jYfhka l,dmSh iyfhda.S;dj

jOkh lsu i|yd my; wxYj,g je wjOdkhlafhduqlrhs'

1' iqM mkak jr ludka;fha wdrlaIdj i|yd cd;sl yis wk;=re

jd;dlrKh mj;ajdf.k hdu'

2'uy uqyqfoa wdrlaIdj ms


56/105

UNHCR mskayshfrda uq,Ou ms


57/105

W.;a mdv yd ixysoshdj fldif jd;d f'ksfoaY ( [LLRC]

jir 30 la mej;s is,a hqoaOh ;=< ,laI ixLHd; ck;djf.a whs;Ska

`o jeula is h' 2009 jIfha is,a hqoaOh ksud u;a iu`. fndfyda

msia ;u . j,g hdug Yd, n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla we;slr .;a; otu ;;a;ajh ck;dj wfmalaId l< whqka is fkdh' f ksidu bv

whs;Ska yd uQ,sl whs;Ska wys jQck;djg hqla;sh bgqlsu Wfoid rch

u`.ska ieliQ fldiu u.ska LLRCjd;dj ilia lrk ,' fuu W.;a

mdv fldi jd;df kslaIK yd ksfoaY wvx.=09 jk mfofha

9'101" 9'103" 9'104 isg 107 olajd;a 9'108 yd 9'110 isg 9'113 olajd jk

j.ka;sj, h


58/105


59/105

03 jk mfPaoh

7 w.hoduhka" miqwiajkq yd fj


60/105

miqwiajkq WmwxYh

52


61/105

miq wiajkq ls%hdj,sfha ;Ska ;SrK .ekSug ish,a,kaiyNd.s;ajh ;yjqre lsu'

53


62/105

ish wxY iska miq wiajkq ksIamdokfha fhfok ldka;djkag tysfhug we;s whs;sh ;yjqre l,hq;= w;r Tjqkag tai`oyd wdOdr iymyiql ie,ish hq;=h' th rdcHhka iskaiy;sl l


63/105

' lrj," Wn,lv iy cd ksIamdok ludka; iòydldka;d jHjidhl mx;shlays lsu iòyd ldka;djkagfYaI jqiyk l%uhla y`kajd fokafkuq'

l' uqyqnv jr ludka;hg iu.dj h u;aiH

ludka;h o hqKq lsu iòyd wNHka;r c,dY wdY%s;jmq:,a ixjOk jevms


64/105

j.lSulaiys; jr ludka;hlai|yd wdpdr Ou moaO;sh 8'4

8'4'4 wf, lr .eksug nej b;sjq uiqka i`oyd rdcHhka fhda.H ;dlaIKh

y`kajdh hq;= f' fuys b;sj we;suiqkab;du;au fhda.H l%uhg

wdrlaIdj yd Wmfhda.s lr .eksug wjOdkh fhduql, hq;=h'8'4'5 bj;,k uiqka m%udKh wvqlsug ;dlaIK Wml%u ixjOkh lr

^f.dvk.d& h;a lsu fydafjk;a wkaoug ieliSf l%u wod, lKavdh

ldlhkayd tlaj rdcHhkau.skafidhd ne,sh hq;= f' uiqka we,a,Sf

WmlrK fya;= fldgf.k uiqkawkqNjhg kqiqiq ;;a;ajhg m;ajkafka

k tjeks l%u Nd;h wvqlsug mshjr .; hq;=h' tfiau uiqkaf.a

meje;af yd j;af ld,isudj je lsug yelsWmlrK ksmojd

tjekakla Nd;hg jrhskayqre mqre l< hq;=h'

wmkhk fuka u foaYSh fjf


65/105

NdKavfha,,.=Kd;aulNdjh,mdfNda.sl wNsreh,

NdKavfha ksudj, fj


66/105

fuu j.=fjka meyeos,s lrkafka .=Kd;aul nka by, w.h tl;= l,

ksIamdok i|yd b,au by, hduhs. WodyrK f,i ud,osjhsfkka wdkhkh lrkWn,lv ksid je mdfNda.sl leue;a;lawe;su u; Bg we;s b,au by,

hduhs. Bg idfmalaIj iemhquo by, hhs.thska woyiajkafka trg Wn,lv

ksIamdokh ;j ;j;ajOkh ug thfya;=jla we;snjhs. fuu b,a u by,

hdug m%Odku fya;=j jkafka wdkhksl NdKavj, w.htl;= ls O ;,hl

;suhs.

rf mj;sk kS;smoaO;shg wkql+,j" jrhkaf.a iy jr ldlhskaf.awdodhu yd jfkdamdh iqrlaIs;Ndjh je hqKq lsug rdcHhkayd

yjq,alrejka mshjr .; hq;= w;r ta fjkqfjkajQ ishu wdldrfha

ixOdk .; i`oyd wkq.%yh ,ndh hq;=h'^VGSSF-7'4&

1966 foien ui 19 osk tlai;a cd;Skaf.auyd uKav,fhaoS iu; lr.;a

mos tlai;a cd;Skaf.a is,a yd foaYmd,ksl whs;Ska ms


67/105


68/105

iq mkak jr ludka; ksIamdok l,dmSh jYfhka fjf


69/105

h NdKavhla foaY fj


70/105

tys m%;sM,h jkafka foaY fj


71/105

by; m%ia:drhg wkqj D hk b,aug ydS hk iemhqug wod,j tu u;aiHksIamdok i|yd fj


72/105

64


73/105

04 jk mfPaohia;%S mqreI iudcNd iudkd;au;dj

iqmkak jr ludka;fha;srirNdjh iqrlaIs; lsu i|yd

jk u.fmka ud,df ishu mfPaohkays ia;S% mqreI iudcNdjhms


74/105

isoa wOHhkh 01 ( uf.a ku lkaoid rixls,s' uf.ajhi wjqre 40 laf' uu j;ajkafka

;%sl=Kdu,h ia;%slalfha uQ;+ m%dfoaYsh f,al fldGdYfha ikaokfjghs

.%dufhah' udf.a iajdmqreIhdf.a jhi wjqre 70 la f' uu b;d w`.ys.

lj,ska ms mjq,l idudldjlaf,i ye` jevqk w;r udf.afoudmshkawdl wnqoj,g uqyqK kay' tysm%m,hlaf,i wmf.a iudc" ixialD;sl

;;a;ajhka yuqf udf.ajdyh iòyd oEjEoao ,ndug foudmshkag yelshdjla

fkdjqy' tneka oEjEoaolska f;drj ug jvd wjqre 30 jeuy`: mqoa.,l=

iu`. jdyug isjqkd'

udf.aiajdmqreIhdg ldhslj uykais jev l, fkdyel' Tyqf.a msg fldkao

m%foaYfha Yd, f.hlayg.;aw;r th Y,Hluhla u`.skabj;al,y' tod

isg Tyqg ldhslj uykais h fkdyel' tfiajqjo Tyq c,dYfhauiqkawe,a,Su"

l,mqf biaika we,a,Su jeks iq: /lshdj, ksr; f' tu /lshd fkdue;s

ld,fha iq: l=,S jev" l=Tqre uqr lsu jeks/lshdj, ksr; f' fld;r

fjfyi uykais jqjo klg remsh,a 150'00lg" 250'0 lg jvd je uqo,la

Wmhd.; fkdyel'

udf.ajeuy,aorejdg f jkg wjqre 20 la jk w;r Tyqo l=,Sjev lsfuka

j;af' fojeksorejdg wjqre wjqre 12 la jk w;r Tyq mdif,a5 fY%aKsfha

bf.kqu ,nhs' uqyqK ka wdl wnqo ksid fojeksorejd mdi,g we;=:

lsug wjYH uq,sl ho fidhd.ekSug fkdyels jqkd' tneka wjqre 2

miqfukawk;=rej Tyqj mdi,g we;=,;a l,d'

udf.aiq: /lshdj ;=,ska Wmhk wdodhfuka iajdhd /ln,d.ekSu;a" orejka

fmdaIKh lsu fukau orejkag wOHdmkh ,ndug;a ish' kuq;a tu wdodh

flfiaj;a m%udKj;a fkdf' orejdg fydò wOHdmk wjia:d ,ndu udf.a

wNsm%dh jqjo th iòyd wdl yelshdjla fkdue;' wOHdmkh orejdf.awkd.;hg iDcqju n,mdkq we;' ud w;aòkd ; Ialr;djhka orejkag

Wreulr fkdoSug we;s wjYH;djh ksidu Tjqkag wOHdmk wjia:d jrlr

ug woyia l,o th bgqlr ug o fkdyels ;;a;ajhka Wod we;' nd,

orejdg fl;r rg wOHdmkh ,ndh yelsfo hkak mj;sk wNsfhda.hls'

Tyqf.awOHdmkh lvdlmam,au hkq;j;a llrefjl= f,i ;h wdrN

lrk mqoa.,fhl=f.am%fYhls'

uu iq: f,i jr /lshdj is lr' kuq;aw,a,k ud`: iòyd jqjo ksYa;fj


75/105

fkdue;' udf.aud`: , .kq,nkafka.ug tk mdme ud`: w,lrejkah'

fndfyda g mdme ud`: w,lrejka fofofkl= fyda;=kafofkl= ud`:

, .ekSu iòyd mefKa' kuq;a iuyr k j, Tjqka fkdmefKa' tys ksYa;

Ndjhlafkdue;' Tjqkaud`: iòyd b;d wvq ,la;SrKh lrkq,nk w;r thg

n,mE lsug ud yg yelshdjlafkdue;' ukao Tjqkaf.ka f;drj ud`: w,lsug wjldY fkdue;s uhs' w,lr.; fkdyels ud`: lrj, ksYamdokh

iòyd fhdojhs' kuq;alrj, iòydo ksYa; fj


76/105

isoa wOHhkh 02 (

uf.aku cq,shiafi,aju,' jhi wjqre 47 hs' ug whs;sbv msysgdwe;af;a f;,smamf,am%dfoaYSh f,al fldGdYfha lkalika;=f .%dufha"

kuq;ahqoaOfhkawj;ekaj ;djld,sl jdiia:dkh f,i J/213 u,a,d. .%du

ks,Od fldGdYfha kSojdkaiqNidOl l`ojqf cSj;af'

ud 1990 isgu hqoaOh fya;=fjkalkalika;=f isg wj;eka kg wjqre

25 la.; we;;a;ju;a wj;eka l`ojqre ;=, j;a f' udf.a Wmka

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w;r mq;d fika /lshdf ksr; fjhs' udf.a iajd mqreIhd l=,s/lshdj,

ksr; jq flfkls' kuq;a 2008 we;s jq l,n,ld ;;ajhka fya;=fjka

f;,smamf,a.d uEKshkaf.aflda, bmsgoSkd`kk msilaiskaudf.a

iajdmqreIhdj w;=reoyka lr ;sf' tod isgu ud b;du;a Ialr;d rdYshla

ueo j;ajkafk' ud whs;s .udkfha bkahdf rdfYajr flda,g

whs;s bvul wms mrmrd 3 lau j;a jqfhuq' wms mx ish bvuwdYS%;j hqO yuqodj iskauf.a bvu w;am;alrf.k ;,afijk fydag,h

blr ;sf' f fya;=j ksid wmsg wj;ekaj cSj;aug isj we;'

68


77/105

ud we;=: wfkl=;a.Dy uQ,sl mjq,aj, ldka;djkao wojk g wj;eka

jq lòjqrej, lvd jeug wdikak l=vdrj, /lshdjla fyda lsisoq

wdodhusud.hla fkdue;sj lgql osjshla .;lruq' lòjqf j;ajk ksid

fndfyda idudcSh yd ixialD;sl jYfhkaYd, f,i .eg`:j,go udkisl

mSvkhkago ,la we;' .DyuQ,sl ldka;djlaf,i ud ;ksj j;ajk ksidO wjYH;djhka j,g ud ksjiska msg;g meK kej; ksjig mefKk

goS l|jqfu iuyr mqoa.,hska ud foi jer fldaKhlska ne,Su ksid

wmyiq;djhg m;afj'

;jo udf.a orejkaf.a wOHdmk ;;ajhkago ndOd we;s ;sf' udf.a

mq;dg wdl Ialr;d fya;=fjkaje r wOHdmkh ,eu i|yd wjia:dj

fkd,enqks' udf.aoshKshf.a wOHdmkh i|yd wehg wjYH Wmldrl mka;sj,g iyNd.S lrug wiSre ;;ajhl j;af' fujeksldrKd fya;=fjka

udf.aorejkag fydo wOHdmkhla,ndoSug fkdyels;;ajhl miqf'

ud cSj;ajk m%foaYfha /lshdjlalsug wod< myiql ke;sksid ud yg

/lshdjg hdugo fkdyel' uf.a uj l=vd lvhl ysuslrefjla jk w;r

wehf.a Wmldr u; udf.amjq, kv;a;= lr' lòjqre cS;h ;=, fi!LH

.eg`:o b;du;a W.% we;s w;r lojqf ksjdi b;d lsgqfjka msysgk

ksid lòjqrej, ldka;djka i|yd kEug we.fiaoSug iy ikSmdrlaIl

lghq;=j,go myiql b;du;awju ugul mj;Shs' f fya;+kaksid wmg

whs;s bvj,g kej; mosxh i|yd lkkahEug wjYHhs' wfmauq,a

j,g mosxug bvlv ,enqfkd;a wmg ksoyfiacsj;aug fukau mjqf,a

wdlho Yla;su;a lr.ekSug yelshdj ,ef'

VGSSF ys 5'18 ldka;d yd ms fomdYajfha u l%shd l,dmh iy uey;au

.ekaug;a thg iydh ug;a rchhkaiy iqmkak jr l%shdldkal%shd

l< hq;=h' ldka;djkaf.a idOdrK iyNd.s;ajh ikd: lsf wjYH;dj fj;

ishu mdYajhkafYaI wjOdkh fhduql< hq;=w;r ksh; ld, rduq;=,

fuu wNsu;d:h idlaId;alr .ekSu i|yd fYaI mshjr ilial, hq;=h'

VGSSF 6'5 mos iqmkak jr ludka;fhys we;s iqfYaIS ,laIK" iudc

wdrlaIK fhdackd l%u u.ska ie,ls,a,g .; hq;= w;r tjka fhdackd l%u

iuia; jr w.h oduhgu wod< h hq;=h' Wod ( b;=re Kh yd rCIKfhdackd l%u yd jr m%cdjka i|yd W; wksl=;a fiajdjkaldka;djka ygo

tjkafiajdjka i|yd we;sm%fYh iy;sl lsu'

69


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fYaIfhka iqmkak jr /lshdf fhfok mjq,a j, ldka;djkamiqwiajkql%shdj,sfha iy O iajhx /lshdj, kshe,S isk w;r tjeks iajhx

/lshd jeoshqKq lsu i|yd rdcH nexl= yryd Kh yd WmfoaYKh"

;dlaIKh ,ndoSf l%shdj,shla rch iskal%shd;aul l, hq;=h'

oekg l%shd;aul jkafka jrhd iy jr wdmkak rCIKh lsf jevms


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VGSSF - 6'9 ysioykamos ldka;djka yd mqreIhska yg wmrdO j,ska

m%pKav;ajfhka" ixOdkd;aul wmrdO ls%hdld;ajhka" uqyq uxfld,a,hka"

fidrl" ,sx.sl wmfhdack" IK l%shd yd n,h whq;= f,i m%fhdackhg

.ekSfuka f;dr mirhl jr ludka;h inkaO l%shdldrl is lsug

yels;;a;ajhka rchka iska ksudKh l< hq;= f' iqM mudk jr m%cdj;=


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iEu fCIa;%hloSu ia;s%S ksfhdackh" iyNd.s;ajh yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh iy;sllsu

ia;%Skaf.a wdl iajdk;ajh" wOHdmkh" iudc j.lS ia;%S - mqreI

fomCIh w;ru fnod .ekSu iy ia;%Skag ys we;swm%Odk ;;a;ajh

;=rkalsf wjYH;djh iudch ms


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iSfvdaiuq;sh (CEDAW) x m%ldYkh (BeijingDeclaration) Platformfor Action Sri Lankan Civil Society Policy Reform document iy l,am jr

m%;sm;a;sh^fuu ishu iuq;Ska ys weuqKq wxl 01 i|ykaf&

cd;sl iy cd;Hka;r jYfhka tl;djh m, lr we;sishu m%{ma;Skagyd iuq;Skag wod, ishu ldrKd l%shd;aul h hq;=h'

tu iuq;Ska j,g wod, ia;%s mqreI iudkd;au;djh iEu ia:rhlu

l%shd;aul lrug rch l%shd l, hq;=h'

CEDAWiuq;sfha jeo.;alreKq

iSfvdaiuq;sfha01 jeksj.ka;sh - ldka;djkag isjk fjkial

ldka;djkag wOHdmkh" wdlh" iudc" ixialD;sh ;=< isjk fjkialj,ska

ug we;s whs;sh'

iSfvdaiuq;sfha 13 jk j.ka;sh - hym;a iudc ;;ajhla we;slr.ekSu

im;a iy wjia:d ,nd

.kska hym;a iudc

;;a;ajhla lrd hEug

ldka;djkag we;s whs;sh

;yjqre lr .ekSu

iSfvdaiuq;sfha 15 jeks j.ka;sh - kS;suh iudkd;au;dj kS;sh bfhaldka;djkag we;siudk ;;a;ajh ,nd .ekSug miqng

fkdu

73


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x m%ldYkh

x m%ldYkfham%Odk uQ,Ouh jkqfha ldka;djkag tfrys fjkiafldg ie,lS

msgq oelSu yd ;SrKd;aul lafIa;% 12 l ldka;djkag tfrysm%pKav;ajhg tfrys

uhs'

VGSSF - 8'3 ia;%SmqreI iudcNdjh ms


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75


84/105

isoa wOHhkh 03 (

.uqf oSl,mqf yd uqyq /lshdf ksr; jk jrfhda nyq,h'

kuq;aixjOkh uqjdfjkaisjk ixpdrl ludka;h hqKqlsu i`oyd

h;a lrk O jHdmD;s fya;=fjkawojk g jr ludka;hg uqyqKoSug is we;s wNsfhda.o wkka; wm%udKh'

uq: rg ;=,u jr ludka;h O .eg`:j,g uqyqKmdk w;r .uqf

oSjr /lshdj ksr; jqjkao .eg`:j,g uqyqK fohs' ta w;kafj


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05 jk mfPaoh

wdmod wjodku iy foaY.=Ksl mhdi

foaY.=Ksl mhdi hkq l=ulao (kaf.a jdihg jvd;a iqiq mirhla yd jh i|yd fhda.H

WIaK;ajhlska fy jdhqf.da,hla;su mD .%yhdf.a fYaI;ajhhs' mDjdhqf.da,h yd f.dvu w;r mj;sk wka; iyfhda.S;d l%shdld;ajh fuys

we;s;j;a iqfYaIS ldrKdjls'

tk wm wjg we;s jdhqf.da,fha"

khsg%cka 78'08]

Tlaiscka 20'95]

wd.ka 00'93] wdoS jdhQkafndfydauhlskaiuka; jQjls'

b;sh jdhqf.da,fhaWIaK;ajh ;SrKh lrk jdhqkajk y;d.dr jdhqka f'

tajd w;kaldnkavfhdlaihs^CO2&

f;aka(CH4),

khsg%iaTlaihs(N2O)"

laf,dafrda*af,dafrda-ldnka(CFC)"

yhsfv%d*af,dafrda-ldnka(HFC) m%Odk ;ekla.kS' fuu jdhqka" jdhqf.da,hg

uqodyeu md,kh l


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ksidf.a O l%shdldrl f i|yd iDcqju n,mdk nj ms,sf.k

we;' by, hk ck.ykfha wjYH;d imqrd,Sug .kakdjq m%h;akhg;a jvd

Okj;=kaf.a iqLyrKh yd wmfndack rgdjkab,lal lr.kskais lrk

ksIamdok by, kekafoS ludka; Yd,dj,g wjYH n,Yla;sh iemhSf

m%Yia; ug blaujkaw;sYd, ldnkavfhdlaihs m%udkhla jdhqf.da,hguqod yefrhs' fuf,i tl;= jk y;d.dr jdhqka;=< iqhhdf.ka ksl=;a jk

wfOdarla; lsrK wjfYdaIKh fuka jdhqf.da,Sh WKqiqu jvd;a by, hdu

is jk w;r m%Yia: foaY.=Ksl ;;ajhkag ydkslrj n,mEu ksid kej;

h:d;;ajhg m;a l< fkdyels nj oaj;=kaf.a woyihs'

wdmod we;su je,elau oekaw;sYh Ialr we;' wm iskaisl, hq;= jkafka"

fjd je,elaug mshjr .ekSu;a lkka fmr iQodk uh' ulaksidoh;a

foaY.=Ksl mhdi ksid f,dalh mqrd iq,sl=Kdgq" c, .e,S" kshh" whsial

osh u' uqyq ugu by, hdu yd l=vd m;ahg u f jk g;a is fjka

mj;sk neks'

YS% ,xldj jeks l=vd m;a rdcHhlg jqjo l,ska l,g Odldr

wdmodjka we;sS ;sf' ta wdmodjka w;ka fYaI wjOdkhla fhduq fkdjq

fjr


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imhd fokakdjqmqmkak jr ldlhka yd bkahefmk ck;djg kqu iy

wjfndaOh ,nd u i|yd ugf jevms


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foaY.=Ksl fjkial msgqoelSu i|yd yosis yd wIaGdkYS,sls%hdud. wjYHf'

;srir iqMmkak jr ludka;fha ikaoNh ;=


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l=vd m;a rdcHhkays cSj;ajk iqmkak jrhska ms


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idj yd ifudaOdks; m%fYhka yd wka; lafIa;% iyfhda.S;djhla

wjYHf

iqMmkak jr ludka;hg n,mdk foaY.=Ksl mhdi iy wdmod

m;a wduka;%Kh lsu i|yd O wxY w;r iyfhda.h we;=


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udr, m%foaYfhaiS.%fhkaisjk fjr< Ldokh

fjr< Ldokh ms


92/105

9'4 fhda.H mos wkqj;k ydkswju lsu yd wdOdr iemhSu i|yd ie,iq

ielish hq;=h

fhda.H wjia:djkays oS wkqj;kh" ixis|u iy wdOdr ie,iq we;=


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9'5 udkjhdf.a ueosy;afuka islrk wdmodjka ksid iqmkak

jrhdg n,mE isjk goS ta i|yd j.lsj hq;= mdYajhka

iskaj.lSu oeh hq;=f'

ksiqkaiska we;sl< m;a iqMmkak jr ludka;hg n,mdk wjia:djkaysoSwod< j.lsjhq;=mdYajh ta i|yd j.h hq;=h'

YS% ,xld wdmod l


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jruh fkdjk jrdh k.rh [Port City]jeks bls fya;=fjka

isjk id.r mir IKh" uqyq Ldokh iy fjr


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iy mqkre;a:dmkh" kej; f.dvkexu iy h:d ;;ajhg m;alsu hkakg

wkd.;fha we;sh yels;ck i|yd ;sfnk wjodku wvqlsu i|yd jQ

ls%hdud.hkao we;=


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9'8 iuia: w.h odufhaoSu ldhlaIu n,Yla;s Nd;hos.ekaug iy m%jOkhg ls%hdl, hq;=h'

foaY.=Ksl mhdig inka; mY%uhkays oS iqMmkak jr

ludka;fhaN+ldj ish mdYajhka iskam%jOkh l< hq;=h' ;jo Wm

wxYfhau;aiH wiajkqfk,Su" miqwiajkq" wf,h iy fnodyeu we;=


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isoa wOHkh(

id.r khod uyuqyqo ,s.;ajr ifydaorhkaisyslruq'

2013 cqksui 08 k n,msh m%dfoaYSh f,al fldGdYfha iq


98/105

foaY.=Ksl mhdihkafya;=fjkawe;s jq m;l isoa wOHkhla

m;g m;a mjq,aj, hqKqjg .;amshjrhka(

ol=fKAjr ixOdkh u`.ska kaoEjre yd orejka ioyd WmfoaYk

lghq;= is lsu'

wdlh Yla;su;alsf wruqKska Tjqkaj ksishdldrj l< yelsiajhx

/lshd ykajd u yd tys meje;au bhg lr f.k hdug l


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f;jk fldgi(

;srir iqmkak jr ludka;fha iqrlaIs;;djhla i|ydudf.damfoaYK ud,dj osh;a lsu i|yd .;hq;= ls %hdud.'

cd;sl jr iyfhda.s;d jHdmdrh wfmalaId lrkqfha fuu m%;sm;a;s

ud,dj rf kS;shg yd m%;sm;a;Skag wkql+,j ls%hd;aul lruhs' f i|yd

fuu WmfoaYK ud,df we;s jeo.;alu ms


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kuq;ai;H we.hSulai|yd wms ksr;ug wfmalaId lrk w;r tu.skai;H

f,iu WmfoaYK ms


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fuu ixjdoh cd;sl ;,fhaislsf iyh wms2014 fkdjen ui WmfoaYK

ud,df uq,sl w;afmd;laisxy,g yd fou< NdIdjkag mj;kh lr f,dal

wdydr yd lDIslu ixOdkfhafoaYSh ksfhda;hskag bm;alrkawdrN

lf,uq' th ;jrg;a bhg f.khdu i|yd isxy, yd fou< udOHj,ska

uqKh lsug;a wu;rj isxy, udOHfhkaw;afmd;lauqKh u.skao islrwe;' rchlaiska l,hq;= ldhh Ndrhla tys jeo.;a lu i,ld wmiska

islsu f,dal wdydr yd lDIslu ixOdkfhafoYsh ldhd,h u.ska jeo.;a

hehs ;lafiare lrkafkak fuu jevms,sfj, bhg f.khdug wmg iyh

h hq;= nj wms wjOdrKh lruq' kuq;af olajd fuh isfkdjqk;abfha

f i|yd wjia:dj Wodlrfokqwe;ehswmf.awfmalaIdjhs'

f,dal wdydr yd lDIslu ixOdkh ixOdkh l, ishu jev igyka j,g

odhl;ajh ,ndfoka cd;sl jr iyfhda.s;d jHdmdrh fuu WmfoaYK ud,dj

ieliSug odhl h' kuq;a fuu WmfoaYK ud,dj ieliSfukawk;=rej tajd

h;a lsfo cd;sl jr iyfhda.s;d jHdmdrh wLKavj fmkSisug ;SrKh

lr we;'

is,a ls%hdld;ajhka wvmk l, ld,iSudj fjkg;a fndfydarg yudr

nj wmf.aYajdihhs' tnekarch iu. tlaj h;alrk jevigykai|yd

fYaIfhkau ck;dj kqj;alr n,j;a lrk jevigyka i|yd je bvla

is,a ls%hdld;ajhg ,nd.ekSug;a" tajd h;alsug yelskqka Yla;su;a

ls%hdld lKavdhu f.dvke.Sug;a wms wj;SKj isuq' f i|yd wjYH

im;af.dkqlsu" ,shlsh,s ieliSu" wjYH uqK lghq;= h;a lsu wd

O wxY ms


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weuqKq wxl 01

iSfvda iuq;sh hkq(

ldka;djkaf.awhs;ska,sh we;s jkdu ,sh,a, iSfvda iuq;shhs' ldka;djkag tfrysish wdldrfha fjkial r,Sf iuq;shhs' 1979 foien 18 fjks k tlai;acd;Skaf.aixOdkh iska fuu

,sh,a, bosm;a lrk ,'

1981 Tlaf;dan 05 ,xldj fuu iuq;shg tl`. we;'

iSfvda m%{ma;sfhys moku

iudkd;au;djh fjkiafldg fkdie,lSu ^u;jdoh - l%shdud.h - wNsm%dh - m%;sM,&

rdcH neu

01 jeksj.ka;sh - ldka;djkag isjk fjkial ldka;djkag wOHdmkh wdlh iudc ixialD;sh ;=< isjk

fjkialj,ska ug we;s whs;sh

07 jeks j.ka;sh - foaYmd,k lghq;=j,g iyNd.Sf iudkwhs;sh

rg md,kh lsug ldka;djkag we;s whs;sh

08 jeks j.ka;sh - rch ksfhdackh lsf iudk whs;sh ldka;djkag rg ksfhdackh lsug we;s whs;sh /l .ekSu

09 jeks j.ka;sh- cd;sl;ajh ioyd iudk whs;sh ldka;djkaf.acd;sl;ajh ;nd .ekSug fjkialsug iy orejka ,nd

ug we;s whs;Sh /l .ekSug lghq;= lsu

10 jeksj.ka;sh -wOHdmkh ,eug iudk whs;sh wOHdmkh ,nd by< iudc ;;a;ajhla ,nd .ekSug we;swhs;sfhka M,

fk,d .ekSf j.lsu

94


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11 jeks j.ka;sh- /lshdjla lsug we;siudk whs;Sh ldka;djkag /lshdjlalsug$wdodhula bmhSug we;s whs;sh Nd;d

lrka hgy;amy;aNdjh ke;s lr .ekSf j.lsu

12 jeksj.ka;sh -fi!LHh fiajdjka ,eug we;s whs;sh ldka;djkag fkdf,afi!LH myiql ,eug we;s whs;sh Nd;d lr

fi!LHh imkak u

13 jeks j.ka;sh - wdl iy iudh whs;sh im;aiy wjia:d ,nd .kskahym;aiudc ;;a;ajhla lrd hEug

ldka;djkag we;s whs;sh ;yjqre lr .ekSu

14 jeksj.ka;sh - .e ldka;djkaf.awh;ska .%dh m%foaYj, isk ldka;djka uqM .eka fkdisg bhg meK

Tjqkaf.awhs;sh N+la;s u

15 jeks j.ka;sh - kS;suh iudkd;au;dj kS;sh bfhaldka;djkag we;siudk ;;a;ajh ,nd .ekSug miqng

fkdu

16 jeks j.ka;sh - jdyh iy mjq, ;=< iudkd;au;dj ldka;djkag mjq, ;=< ,eh hq;= .re;ajh iy iyfhda.h ,nd .ekSug

ls%hdlsf j.lSu

17 jeks j.ka;sfha isg 30 jeksj.ka;shiSfvda lgqj iy iSfvdaiuq;sh ms


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m%Odk uQ,Ou

ldka;djkag tfrysfjkiafldg ie,lS msgqoelSu


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vgssf hand book sinhala 21.11.2015

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