vhf powerpoint v2
TRANSCRIPT
Submitted by:
Susan Henry
Keith Noble
Program Goals Educate first responders on the following:
Background information on Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF)
Recognition of signs and symptoms of VHF
Treatment of patients with S/S of VHF
Transport of patients with VHF
Proper personal protection equipment (PPE) guidelines
Notification guidelines
Program Initiatives Focus on the recognition, treatment, and transport of
suspects VHF patients
Deliver training via an online format
Simple online test
Printable easy to read chart
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) A family of viruses causing severe multisystem
syndrome Damages the vascular system
Prevents self regulation ability
Can cause mild conditions or life threatening conditions
Zoonotic
A disease of animals that may be transmitted to man under natural conditions
Category A agent
Easily transmitted from human to human
High mortality rate
Require special action from public health agenices
Four Types of VHF Arenaviruses:
Lassa & Latin American Fever Carried by rats and mice Transmitted by feces and urine
Bunyaviruses: Crimean-Congo & Rift Valley Transmitted though a arthropod vector
Filoviruses: Ebola & Marburg Host of virus is unknown, possible bats
Hemorrhagic Flaviviruses: Yellow & Dengue Arthropod vector
Recognition is the key
Signs and Symptoms Minor Signs and
Symptoms
Travel history
Fever
Fatigue, weakness
Dizziness
Muscle aches
Headache
Sore throat
Severe Signs and Symptoms Travel history
Petechia (bleeding under the skin)
Bleeding from internal organs
Signs of shock
Bleeding from external orifices
Nervous system malfunction
Coma, AMS, SZ
Petechia
Possible Travel History
Modes of Transmission Animal to Human
Contact with Urine
Feces
Saliva
Other body fluids
Bites
Human to Human
Contact with body fluid
Contact with contaminated surfaces
Up to 3 weeks
No agreement as far as airborne transmission Shown in monkeys, but
not humans
Protective Measures
Double Gloves
Gowns
Masks
Shoe Covers
Eye wear
N95
Also place on patient
N95 Mask
Decontamination After exposure
Limit exposure with proper PPE
Wash with soap and water
Irrigate exposed mucous membranes
Non exposure
Disposable equipment discarded
Non-disposable autoclaved
Interior of ambulance needs to be disinfected
Disinfection EMS clothing and footwear
Protocol Proper PPE
Immediately notify supervisor if you suspect VHF – isolate location if possible
Coordinate transport & reception at hospital prior to leaving scene
Hospital needs to be secure
Able to handle isolates patients
Supervisor to contact local and state public health departments
Treatment Treatment is normally
supportive in care
Fever control
Electrolyte control Fluid replacement
Blood pressure control Fluid replacement
Pain management
Post Incident Actions No current post exposure prophylaxis
A fever of over 101F will trigger isolation and treatment
Will be isolated at home or hospital
Supportive treatment as needed
Information will be provided on how to protect family
CommonTypes of VHF
Signs andSymptoms
PPE Required
Treatment Transport Consideration
s
Notes
Ebola Hemorrhagic
Fever
Rapid onset of fever, headache, joint pain, weakness, diarrhea,
vomiting, and abdominal pain, rash, red eyes, internal and external bleeding may
be present
Spread by direct contact and blood
Standard PPEOuter gown
Rubber bootsHEPA Filter Mask
Eye ProtectionClass C Haz-Mat suit
No standard treatmentSupportive in nature
Fluids and O2
IsolationProper PPE
Often FatalFiloviridae VirusObtained from
infected non-human primates
Lassa Fever Nonspecific S/S. May include fever,
chest pain, back pain, N/V/D, hearing loss,
tremors
Spread by direct contact and
contaminated foodStandard PPE
Gowns, protective eyewear
Ribavirin (antiviral drug)
Supportive Care
IsolationProper PPE
Arenaviridae VirusNo S/S in 80% infectedMost common in West
Africa, Spread from rodents to
humans
MarburgHemorrhagic
Fever
Rapid onset of fever.After 5 days of
exposure possible N/V/D, maculpapular
rash, weight loss, massive hemorrhage
Spread from directcontact and blood
Standard PPEOuter gown
Rubber bootsHEPA Filter Mask
Eye ProtectionClass C Haz-Mat suit
No standard treatmentSupportive in nature
Fluids and O2
IsolationProper PPE
Filoviridae VirusRare
Spread via Marburg Bat
Common in mine workers
Dengue Fever High fever, headache,severe pain behind
eyes, joint pain, muscle and bone pain,
rash, and mild bleeding
Spread by mosquitoesLimit mosquito opportunities
No standard treatmentRest
Fluids
IsolationProper PPE
Protect frommosquitoes
Spread by infectedmosquitoes
Yellow Fever S/S after 3 to 6 days:Fever, chills, headache,
back pain, bleeding from GI tract
Only spread from infected mosquitoes
Standard PPE
No standard treatmentSupportive in nature
Fluids and O2
IsolationProper PPE
Vaccination availableProtect frommosquitoes
Spread by infected mosquitoes
Information obtained from the Centers for Disease Control