St Anthony’s RC Primary School

Spelling, Punctuation and GrammarParents’ Guide

Year 2Vocabulary your child will need to know by the end of year 2

Term Definition Example Noun Nouns are used to name people, places or things.

Nouns are sometimes called ‘naming words’People – Max, Daniel, CharlottePlaces – England, America, KentThings – table, chair, television

Noun Phrase A noun phrase is a word or group of words containing a noun and functioning in a sentence as subject, object, or prepositional object.

I like singing in the bath.I know the back streetsI’ve met the last remaining chef.

Statement A statement is a definite or clear expression of something in speech or writing.

Question A question is a sentence worded or expressed so as to gain more information.

Where is the train station?Why did you choose the red top?

Exclamation An exclamation is a sudden cry or remark expressing surprise, strong emotion, or pain.

Command A command is when an order is given.

Compound A compound word contains at least two root words. BookshopBlackbirdWhiteboardSuperman

Suffix A suffix is an ‘ending’ used at the end of one word to turn it into another word.

-ly – badly, happily -er – bigger, faster, happier-ful – helpful, thankful, cheerful

Adjective Adjectives give us more information about nouns.Adjectives are sometimes called ‘describing words’

A tall giraffe.The weather grew cold.

Verb A verb names an action or states of being. It can show what a person or thing does, or what happens, or a change. Verbs are sometimes called ‘doing words’

dive, chew, hit, worry, know, melt, become

Adverb Most adverbs tell us more about verbs.

A few adverbs give more information about adjectives.

The troll ate greedily. The adverb ‘greedily’ tells us how the troll was eatingThe map is very old. The adverb ‘very’ tells you how old the map is.

Tense (past, present)

The tense of a verb shows when the action takes place.Past Tense – The past tense describes something that happened earlier.Present Tense – The present tense describes something that is happening now.

I walked to the cinema.I walk to the cinema.

Apostrophe‘

Apostrophes have two uses: To show a missing letter or letters in a shortened word

To show what someone or something owns or possesses.

didn’t (did not) we’d (we would)

the giant’s castle (the castle belonging to the giant)

Comma,

Commas can be used: To separate things in a list

To show a pause in a sentence

In pairs before and after a word or phrase that gives extra information

I’ve picked a swimming costume, flippers, snorkel and a periscope.When it stopped raining, we went outside.The trainers, a present from my mum, were filthy.