Chapter 7 Notes: Cardiovascular SystemOverview:

Consists of the _____________________________________________________________________________ The heart pumps blood throughout the body Blood vessels transport blood throughout

the body

The Heart _______________________________________________________ Hollow interior Pumps blood throughout the body _________________chambers

o Upper chamberso Lower chambers

Structure of the Heart Four Chambers

o Right atrium (upper chamber)o Left atrium (upper chamber)o Right ventricle (lower chamber)o Left ventricle (lower chamber)

____________________________________________ — divides heart into right and left portions

o ________________________________________________________ septum — separates the atria

o ________________________________________________________ septum — separates the ventricles

____________________________________________ — Open and close with the heartbeat to maintain one-way flow of blood through the heart

o _____________________________________________ — located between right atrium and right ventricleo mitral (bicuspid) valve — located between left atrium and left ventricleo pulmonary semilunar valve — opening from right ventricle to pulmonary arteryo aortic valve — located between left ventricle and aorta

Layers of the Heart ______________________________________________

o membrane that lines the interior cavities of the heart

______________________________________________o Thick, muscular layer

______________________________________________o Outer membrane

______________________________________________ is the loose, protective sac that surrounds and encloses the heart

Structures of the Heart

Blood Vessels ____________________________________________

o vessels that carry blood from the heart to arterioles

____________________________________________o large artery branching from the left ventricle

_____________________________________________o small vessels receive blood from the arteries

______________________________________________o tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules

_______________________________________________o small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the veins

________________________________________________o vessels that carry blood to the heart from the venules

Coronary Arteries

Blood and Lymph Circulation

Arteries

Veins

Blood Pressure Force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the arteries, veins and heart chambers Determined by the volume of blood, the space within the arteries and arterioles, and the force of

the heart contractions

Blood Pressure Terms

__________________________________________o period in the cardiac cycle when blood enters the relaxed ventricles from the atria

__________________________________________o period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the

aorta and pulmonary artery

__________________________________________o normal blood pressure

__________________________________________o low blood pressure

__________________________________________o high blood pressure

Condition Causing Reduction of Blood Flow

Types of Aneurisms

Coronary Artery Disease