vocabulary and properties. determine the word or phrase described in each slide
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 1Vocabulary and
Properties
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Vocabulary Determine the word or phrase described in each slide
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The distance of a number from zero on a number line is called its
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Absolute value
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A mathematical phrase that can include numbers, variables, and operation symbols is known as an
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Algebraic expression
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The opposite of a number is known as its
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Additive inverse
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A power consists of two parts, a
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A base and an exponent
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A mathematical phrase involving numbers and
operation symbols, but no variables is known as a
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Numerical expression
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The expression under a square root symbol is called the
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radicand
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Together, the radical symbol and the radicand are referred to as a
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radical
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A collection of objects is known as a
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set
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The set of numbers {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, . . . } is known as the set of
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Natural (or counting) numbers
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The set of numbers {0, 1, 2, 3, . . .} is known as the set of
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Whole numbers
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The set of numbers {. . . , -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, . . .} is known as the set of
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integers
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The numerical factor of a term is called a
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coefficient
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A term that has no variables is a
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constant
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Two number lines that intersect at right angles form a
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Coordinate plane
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The numbers in an ordered pair are called
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coordinates
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Any example that proves a statement false is a
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counterexample
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Reasoning logically from given facts to a conclusion is known as
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Deductive reasoning
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A mathematical sentence that uses an equal sign is an
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equation
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Two algebraic expressions that have the same value for all values of the variable(s) are called
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Equivalent expressions
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Any value of the variable that makes an equation true is called
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A solution of the equation
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A solution of an equation containing two variables x and y is
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An ordered pair of numbers
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The process of reaching a conclusion based on an observed pattern is called
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Inductive reasoning
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Substituting a given number for each variable in an algebraic expression is called
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Evaluating the expression
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A mathematical sentence that compares values of two expressions using symbols such as < or > is called an
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inequality
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Terms that have exactly the same variable factors are called
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Like (or similar) terms
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Another name for the multiplicative inverse of a number is
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reciprocal
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An equation that contains one or more variables is an
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Open sentence
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Numbers the same distance from zero on a number line are called
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opposites
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The x and y axes divide the coordinate plane into four sections called
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quadrants
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Any number that may be written as a fraction is called a
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Rational number
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The set of rational numbers and irrational numbers make up the set of
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Real numbers
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Replacing a numerical expression with its simplest name is called
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Simplifying the expression
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In an algebraic expression, a number, variable, or the product of a number and one or more variables is called a
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term
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A symbol used to represent one or more numbers is called a
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variable
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PropertiesIdentify the following properties of real numbers
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a + b = b + a
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The Commutative Property of Addition
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(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
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The Associative Property of Addition
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a + 0 = a
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The Identity Property of Addition
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a + (-a) = 0
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The Inverse Property of Addition
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a x b = b x a
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The Commutative Property of Multiplication
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(a b) c = a (b c)
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The Associative Property of Multiplication
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a x 1 = a
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The Identity Property of Multiplication
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a(1/a) = 1
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The Inverse Property of Multiplication
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a(b + c) = ab + ac
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The Distributive Property
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a x 0 = 0
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The Zero Property of Multiplication
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-1 x a = -a
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The Multiplication Property of -1