v)r nm p)a[c.d). {(sxnsia#i}n) pdv) mit[ rj* krvimi> aiv[l ... filean&k|m(nki k|m pini...
TRANSCRIPT
s>Si[Fn siri>S
s&rt (jÃlimi> p\iY(mk (SxN kxia[
sv< (Sxi a(Byinn&> m*Ãyi>kn
AN ASSESSMENT OF SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN
AT PRIMARY EDUCATION LEVEL
IN SURAT DISTRICT
v)r nm<d d(xN g&jrit y&(nv(s<T), s&rtmi>
p)a[c.D). {(SxNSiA#i}n) pdv) miT[
rj* krvimi> aiv[l
mhiSi[F (nb>Fni[ sir
mig<dS<k : s>Si[Fk :
Diˆ. jy[ºW(s>h p). gi[(hl n(lnBiE v). riqi[D
aiciy<, aiciy<,
~)mt) v).air.Bkt (SxN mhi(vwily, s&rt (j.p>. (SxN s(m(t s>ci(lt
kimr[j cir rAti, mi[Ti vriCi p\iY(mk SiLi,
ti. kimr[j, (j. s&rt. ti.ci[yi<s), (j.s&rt.
~)mt) v).air.Bkt (SxN mhi(vwily,
kimr[j cir rAti,
ti. kimr[j, (j. s&rt.
nv[Àbr : 2013
an&k|m(Nki
k|m pini n>br
1 p\Ativni 1
2 (vPyni[ ud`Bv 3
3 s>Si[Fnni[ m*liFir 4
4 smAyikYn an[ S¾di[n) Äyi²yi 6
5 s>Si[Fnni h[t&ai[ 9
6 s>Si[Fnni p\Åni[ 10
7 s>Si[Fnn&> mh_v 11
8 s>Si[Fnn&> s)mi>kn 12
9 s>Si[Fn pÜ(t 13
10 Äyip(vÅv an[ nm*nin) ps>dg) 13
11 s>Si[Fn miT[ni upkrNi[ 14
12 mi(ht)n&> a[k#i)krN 15
13 mi(ht)n&> a>kSiA#i)y pZYÊrN 15
14 s>Si[Fnni tirNi[ 16
15 smipn 29
s>dB<s*(c 30
1. p\Ativni
ki[EpN Äy(ktni an[ riOT^ni (vkisni piyimi> (SxN rh[l&> C[. minv)y
p\(tBini[ (vkis (SxN oiri j Yiy C[. ai(dminvY) S$ YE aiF&(nk minvn)
(vkisyi#ii (SxN oiri j Sky bn) C[. siF& {2008} “k[LvN)ni diS<(nk aiFiri[”
mi> riFikZONnni (SxN a>g[ni (vciri[ ni[>Fti kh[ C[ k[, “(SxN a[Tl[ j minv an[
smijn&> (nmi<N.” aidS< smij an[ t[ni Yk) riOT^ GDtr miT[ (SxN a(nviy< C[.
aij[ (SxNni mi¹ym Yk) j Äy(kt, smij k[ riOT ̂ p\g(tni p>Y[ jE rHi C[. Sih
{1996} ni[>F[ C[ k[ “f|iºsmi> (SxNn[ a[Tl&> bF& mh_v aipvimi> aiv[ C[ k[ (SxNp\Fin
vDip\Fin pC) b)j[ n>br[ aiv[ C[. d(xN ki[r)yimi> (SxNn[ '(vkisn&> a[(ºjn" kh[vimi>
aiv[ C[.”
smij a[ (SxNn&> p\(t(b>b C[. l&hir {2010} “(Sxk, (SxN an[ k[LvN)”mi>
mn&BiE p>ci[L)n[ Ti>kti kh[ C[ k[ “s>hirvZ(_ini[ av[j sj<nvZ(_i C[. aik|mktini[ upiy
a>t:tZ(¼t C[. j[ smij pi[tini biLki[ miT[ t[mn) vy tYi vZ(_in[ lxmi> riK)n[
sj<nkiy< miT[n) ÄyvAYi pi[tin) (SxN ÄyvAYimi> yi[j[ C[. t[n[ ki[Ti[<, j[li[ an[ lÆkri[
piCL ai[C&> Kc< krv&> pD[ C[.” j[ d[Smi> j[v&> (SxN hS[; t[vi[ t[ni[ smij hS[. ki[EpN
riOT^ni Bi(vni[ aiFir t[n&> (SxN C[. (SxNni> piyi upr j riOT^n) s&>dr Emirtn&>
(nmi<N Sky bn[ C[. riOT^)y (SxN p>c {1964-66} pi[tini ah[vilmi> ni[>F[l&> C[ k[
“The destiny of India is now being shaped in her classrooms.” riOT^)y
uRYin, simi(jk p(rvt<n, si>AkZ(tk s&rxi an[ ai(Y<k uºn(t aY[< t[mj riOT^ (nmi<N
aY[<n) ki[E a(t mh_vp*N< p\(k|yi hi[y ti[ t[ (SxN.
(SxN riOT^ni (vkisni[ m&²y mipd>D C[. (SxNni p\Ry[k tbÊ[ p\iY(mk
(SxNn) aigv) agRy t[mj t[n&> (v(SOT mh_v rH&> C[. riOT^ni minvFnn&> Äyipk
Av$p[ (SxNkiy< p\iY(mk (SxN kxia[ Yt&> ji[vi mL[ C[. miT[ j p\iY(mk (SxNn[
piyin) k[LvN) tr)k[ gNvimi> aiv[ C[. an[ t[Y) j Avt>#i Birtni b>FirNn) klm
45 mi> p\iY(mk (SxNn[ mft, fr(jyit an[ siv<(#ik bnivvin) ji[gviE krvimi>
aiv) C[.
Birt d[Smi> K*b j kiLJp*v<k an[ Äyv(AYt r)t[ S]x(Nk aiyi[jn krvimi>
aiÄy&> C[ an[ (SxNn&> miLK&> gi[qvvimi> aiÄy&> C[. Birtmi> Avt>#iti pC) n)miy[li
(v(vF (SxNp>ci[a[ pN (SxNni miLKi a>g[ d*r>d[S) BlimNi[ kr) ht). td`n&sir
d[Smi> p\iY(mk (SxN, mi¹y(mk (SxN, uµctr mi¹y(mk (SxN an[ uµc (SxN a[vi
Atri[ (nFi<(rt krvimi> aiÄyi C[. ji[ k[ aiv) ÄyvAYi k[ miLK&> kiym) nY) hi[ti. smy
an[ s>ji[gi[ an&sir a[mi> stt f[rfiri[ pN Yti> rh[ C[ j[m k[ g&jrit rijymi> hilmi>
j Fi[rN-8 k[ j[ mi¹y(mk (SxNn&> p\ir>B(b>d& ht&> t[ni[ p\iY(mk (SxNmi> smiv[S
krvini[ (nN<y l[vimi> aiÄyi[ C[.
(SxNni j[ t[ Atrni (v(SOT S]x(Nk h[t&ai[ hi[y C[. (SxNni j[ t[ Atr[
(vwiY)<ai[n[ ~[Oq (SxN mL) rh[ an[ j[ t[ kxini (SxNni h[t&ai[ (sÜ YE Sk[ a[
miT[ an[k(vF p\yisi[ hiY Frvimi> aivti hi[y C[. smyi>tr[ an[k(vF (v(SOT p\kirn)
yi[jniai[ an[ kiy<k|mi[ m*kiti rh[ C[. p\iY(mk (SxNn[ mft, fr(jyit an[ siv<(#ik
bnivvi miT[ riOTk̂xia[ t[mj rijykxia[ (v(vF yi[jniai[ an[ kiy<k|mi[ aml)
bnivvimi> aiÄyi C[. j[mi> mft kºyi k[LvN), m¹yihn Bi[jn yi[jni, (SxNn) nv)
riOT)̂y n)(t, Plan of Action, D).p).E.p). p(ryi[jni, sv< (Sxi a(Byinni[ smiv[S
Yiy C[.
(SxNni siv<(#ikrNni> p\yis$p[ aipNi d[Sni minv s>siFn (vkis m>#iily
oiri 'sv< (Sxi a(Byin" ni[ Birtmi> 6 Y) 14 vP<ni biLki[ miT[ a[k a(Byin tr)k[
aml)kZt krvimi> aiÄy&> C[. k[ºW srkir, rijy srkir an[ smijn) Big)dir) upr
rciy[li 'sv< (Sxi a(Byin" n[ p\iY(mk (SxNn[ p\i[Rsihn aipvi miT[ aml)
bnivvimi> aiÄy&> C[.
sv< (Sxi a(Byin a[ li>bi smyn) v]ci(rk p\(k|yin[ a>t[ (n(át Yy[li[ an[
siv<(#ik p\iY(mk (SxNn[ ci[Ês smymi> p*N< krvini[ rijy an[ k[ºW srkirn)
shBig)dir)viLi[ Avd[S) a](thi(sk kiy<k|m C[. ai kiy<k|m p\iY(mk (SxNn[
g&Nv_iiy&kt bniv) t[mi> p(rvt<nn) Kitr) aip[ C[. ai kiy<k|m nimi>kn, AYiy)krN
an[ g&Nv_iini lÈyn[ lEn[ cil[ C[. ai kiy<k|mn[ kirN[ p\iY(mk (SxNni
siv<(#ikrNn) (dSimi> sir&> a[v&> p\din YE Sky&> C[ tYi ai upri>t ai yi[jni piCLni
an[k h[t&ai[ (sÜ YE Skyi hi[vi s>b>G) a¿yisi[ Yyi C[. pr>t& p\iY(mk (SxNni
g&Nv_iiy&kt siv<#i)krNni> lÈyn[ lEn[ cilti ai kiy<k|mn&> smyi>tr[ m*Ãyi>kn Yt&> rh[
a[ j$r) C[. ai kiy<k|mni h[t&ai[n) (s(Ü trfn) (dSi an[ g(t k[vi p\kirn) rh) C[ ?
(n(át smy av(Fni[ ai kiy<k|m jyir[ smy av(Fn) p*N<tin[ air[ C[ Ryir[ t[ni
lÈyi[n) (s(Ün&> p\miN k[v&> C[ ? ai kiy<k|mni lÈyi[n) (s(Ü aiD[ni avri[Fk p(rbLi[
kyi C[ ? aivi avri[Fk p(rbLi[ hi[y ti[ t[ni (nvirN miT[ S&> krv&> ji[Ea[ ? vg[r[
j[vi an[k p\Åni[ni u_iri[ Si[Fvini bik) rh[ C[. riOT^Äyip) kiy<k|m siY[ s>kLiy[li ai
an[ aivi aºy p\Åni[ni v]Xi(nk uk[li[ s&F) phi[>cvini uÑ[Si[ siY[ p\At&t s>Si[Fn
hiY Frvimi> aiÄy&> ht&>.
2. (vPyni[ ud`Bv
p\iY(mk (SxN a[ smg\ (SxN$p) Emirtni[ piyi[ C[. nimi>kn, AYiy)krN an[
g&Nv_ii a[ p\iY(mk (SxNni piyini p\Åni[ C[. s>Si[Fk C[Ãli 20 vP<Y) p\iY(mk
SiLimi> (Sxk tr)k[ frj bjiv[ C[. p\iY(mk (SxN x[#i[ s(k|y hi[viY) p\iY(mk (SxN
x[#i[ up(AYt Yti> p\Åni[ a>g[ rs l[ti rHi> hti>. p\iY(mk (SxNn) g&Nv_ii s&FirNini
p\kÃpi[Y) p(r(ct C[. p\iY(mk (SxN a>g[ni s[m)niri[mi> hijr rh[vin&> Yy&> C[.
an[kvir (Sxk til)mmi> hijr rh[vin&> tYi (Sxki[n[ til)m aipvin&> bºy&> C[.
(Sxki[n) m)T)>gi[mi> p\iY(mk (SxN s>b>(Ft p\Åni[ a>g[ cci< krvin&> pN bºy&> ht&>.
aiY) p\iY(mk (SxNni siv<#i)krN tYi g&Nv_ii s&FirNi h[t&sr aml) bn[l sv<
(Sxi a(Byin kiy<k|mn) mi(ht) m[Lvvin&> an[ sv< (Sxi a(Byin kiy<k|mni ¹yi[yi[n)
(s(Ü trfn) g(t jiNvi t[mj p\iY(mk (SxN s>b>(Ft p\Åni[ d*r krvimi> sv< (Sxi
a(Byin kiy<k|mn[ k[Tl) sfLti mL) ? t[ jiNvi s>Si[Fk[ 's&rt (jÃlimi> p\iY(mk
(SxN kxia[ sv< (Sxi a(Byinn&> m*Ãyi>kn" (vPyn) ps>dg) kr) ht).
3. s>Si[Fnni[ m*liFir
p\iY(mk (SxNni siv<#i)krN miT[ tYi g&Nv_iiy&kt (SxN miT[ GNi> p\yRni[
krvimi> aiÄyi C[. (v(vF yi[jniai[ tYi kiy<k|mi[ aml) bºyi C[. p\iY(mk (SxN
kxia[ cilt&> sv< (Sxi a(Byin p\iY(mk (SxNni> siv<#i)krN, AYiy)krN tYi
g&Nv_ii pr Bir m*k[ C[. Ryir[ s>Si[Fk[ sv< (Sxi a(Byin s>dB[< s>Si[Fn hiY Frvin&>
nÊ) ky&<>. ai miT[ s>Si[Fk[ hiY Fr[l s>Si[Fnn[ lgti p*v[< Yy[li> s>Si[Fni[ni[ a¿yis
kyi[<>. j[ n)c[ p\miN[ C[.
ji[P) {2000}, B*siri {2003}, Äyis {2004}, riNi {2006}, pT[l j[.D).
{2007}, pT[l a[s. b). {2009} a[ a[m.a[D`. kxia[ s>Si[Fn hiY Fyi< hti> jyir[
sin[ {1960}, gi[y[l {1968}, Ti[l& {1976}, hi[s[n {1978}, d_i an[ aºyi[ {1982},
Bkt {1991}, vLv) {2000}, (#iv[d) {2000} ahl&vi(lyi {2005}, prmir {2006}
a[ p)a[c.D). kxia[ s>Si[Fn hiY Fyi< hti.
p\At&t s>Si[Fn siY[ s>b>(Ft aºy s>Si[Fni[mi> ji[P) {2000} ni a¿yis prY)
f(ltiY< p\i¼t Yiy C[ k[ p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> S]x(Nk smAyiai[ s>b>F) smAyiai[mi>
SiLimi> p*rti> a¹yipn upkrNi[ nY), a¿yisk|m p*ri[ krvi smy ai[Ci[ pD[, mkini[
s&(vFip*N< nY), GNi> (Sxki[n[ a[ksiY[ b[ vgi[< clivvi pD[, GN) SiLimi> p\iyi[(gk
(SxN aip) Skit&> n ht&>. B*siri {2003} ni a¿yismi> jNiy&> ht&> k[ s[vikil)n
til)m ai¼yi bid (Sxki[n[ (ny(mt m*Ãyi>knn) (v(vF si(hRy simg\)n) aivÆykti
jNit) ht). Äyis {2004} ni a¿yis prY) tirN mÇy&> k[ li[k shyi[gni[ (SxNmi>
(v(nyi[g krviY) biLkni[ svi<>g) (vkis siF) SkiS[ t[m til)miY)< aiciyi[<n[ lig[ C[.
riNi {2006}ni a¿yis m&jb S]x(Nk nv(vciri[ni asrkirk aml)krN miT[ nDt)
smAyiai[mi> vF& pDti[ vh)vT) kiy<bi[j, Fi[rNvir (Sxki[ni[ aBiv, biLki[n)
a(ny(mtti, (SxN (sviyn) aºy riOT^)y kimg)r)ni[ bi[j jiNvi mÇyi> hti. pT[l
j[.D). {2007} ni a¿yisni tirNi[mi> ni[>Fiy&> ht&> k[ (vkli>g biLki[ miT[ til&ki d)q
a[k sliyd) SiLi hi[v) ji[Ea[. pT[l a[s. b). {2009} ni a¿yisn&> tirN p\i¼t Yy&>
ht&> k[ aiciyi[<n[ (SxN (sviyn) aºy kimg)r)n&> BirN vF&> rh[t&> ht&>. sin[ {1960}
ni[>F[ C[ k[ fr(jyit p\iY(mk (SxN amlmi> hi[vi Cti> k[Tlik (vAtiri[mi> p\iY(mk
(SxNni[ (vkis ai[Ci[ Yyi[ hti[. gi[y[l {1968} ni a¿yisni tirN m&jb j[ biLki[
SiLimi> diKl Yy[li hti t[mi>ni mi[Ti Bigni biLki[ sit Fi[rNni[ a¿yis p*ri[ kyi<
(vni SiLimi>Y) uq) gyi hti. Ti[l& {1976} ni dSi<Äyi an&sir m*Ãyi>kn p(Üt
(SxNn) g&Nv_ii s&FirNi miT[ agRyn) j$(ryit hi[y a[v&> an&Bvvi mÇy&> ht&>.
hi[s[n {1978}ni a¿yisni tirNmi> jNiy&> ht&> k[ p\iY(mk (SxNn) agRyn)
smAyiai[ j[v) k[ srkirn) ai(Y<k m&Æk[l), p&Atki[ an[ l[Kn simg\) p*r) piDvin)
vil)ai[n) aS(kt, YiNi (SxN a(Fkir)ai[ oiri SiLiai[mi> ap*rt&> (nr)xN, p\iY(mk
(SxN miT[ alg vh)vT) miLKin) j$(ryit vg[r[ ji[vi mL) ht). d_i an[ aºyi[
{1982} a[ ni[>¹y&> ht&> k[ kºyiai[ SiLi Ci[D) jvini kirNi[mi> gr)b), nini BiE-
bh[ni[n) d[Kr[K riKv), kºyiai[ni (SxN p\Ry[ miti-(ptin) udis)nti, vil)ai[mi>
(nrxrti an[ kºyiai[ miT[ alg SiLiai[ni[ aBiv vg[r[ ji[vi mÇyi hti. pT[l T).
{1984} a[ tirÄy&> ht&> k[ d[Smi> ai(dvis) kºyiai[n[ (SxN l[vi aY[< p\[rNi aipvini
ki[E Kis kiy<k|mi[ Yyi n hti. Bkt {1991}ni a¿yisni aiFir[ jNiy&> ht&> k[
mi[TiBign) SiLiai[mi> (vwiY)<ai[n) s>²yin[ ¹yinmi> l[ti vg<K>Di[ pyi<¼t nY) t[mj
mi[TiBign) s>²yin[ SiLiai[ni mkinn[ mrimt krivvin) j$r C[. vLv) {2000}a[
tirÄy&> ht&> k[ p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> tis p\YiY) (SxNkiy< Yt&> n ht&>. (#iv[d) {2000}ni
a¿yisni tirNi[mi> jNiy&> ht&> k[ SiLimi> j&di j&di (vPyi[ miT[ alg-alg a¹yipn
pÜ(tni[ upyi[g krvimi> aiv[ C[ an[ (vwiY)<ai[ j[ pÜ(t vD[ srLtiY) S)K[ an[
a¿yismi> rs diK[ t[ j pÜ(t ~[Oq gNvimi> aiv[ C[. ahl&vi(lyi {2005} ni[>F[ C[ k[
uµc p\iY(mkni (vwiY)<ai[ni s>dB<mi> t[ai[ j[ smAyiai[ni[ simni[ kr[ C[ t[ (nr)xN
krti> mil*m pDy&> k[ t[ai[n[ pr)xini[ Dr hi[y C[, vFir[ pDt&> gZhkiy< aipvimi> aiv[ C[,
Ak*lb[g uckv) m&Æk[l C[, (Sxkn) sjin[ kirN[ Drti> hi[viY) j&q&> bi[l[ C[, rmvini[
smy p*rti[ mLti[ nY). prmir {2006}ni a¿yisni tirNi[ dSi<v[ C[ k[ kºyi
k[LvN)n[ asrkirk bnivvi miT[ kºyiai[ni p\iY(mk (SxNkiy<n) s&FirNi miT[ til)m
pim[li (Sxki[n) (nmN*>k krv) j$r) jNit) ht).
upri[kt s>Si[Fni[ni a¿yisni aiFir[ kh) Skiy k[ p\iY(mk (SxN s>l³n
(v(vF smAyiai[ni s>Si[Fni[ hiY Friyi hti. pr>t& p\iY(mk (SxNni m*L p\Åni[
siv<#i)krN, AYiy)krN an[ g&Nv_iilx) (SxNn[ hl krvi aml) bn[l sv< (Sxi
a(Byinn&> s&rt (jÃli kxia[ m*Ãyi>kn s>b>(Ft ki[E s>Si[Fn s>Si[Fkn) jiNmi> aiÄy&>
nY). aiY) s>Si[Fk[ s>Si[Fn miT[ ai (vPyn) ps>dg) kr) s>Si[Fn hiY Fy&<> ht&>.
4. smAyikYn an[ S¾di[n) Äyi²yi
p\iY(mk (SxN a[ smg\ (SxN$p) Emirtni[ piyi[ C[. nimi>kn, AYiy)krN an[
g&Nv_ii a[ p\iY(mk (SxNni piyini p\Åni[ C[. p\iY(mk (SxN s>b>(Ft p\Åni[ni
(nvirNmi> s>Si[Fkn[ rs hi[viY) p*N< cci<-(vcirNin[ a>t[ s>Si[Fk[ p\At&t s>Si[Fnn>&
S)P<k n)c[ m&jb nÊ) ky&<> ht&> :
s&rt (jÃlimi> p\iY(mk (SxN kxia[
sv< (Sxi a(Byinn&> m*Ãyi>kn
s&rt (jÃli p>ciyt (SxN s(m(t s>ci(lt p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi
a(Byin a>tg<t cilti kiy<k|mi[, yi[jniai[, p\vZ(_iai[n&> aml)krN tYi t[n) (s(Ü
an[ asr tpisvini[ (nd[<S p\At&t S)P<kmi> smi(vOT rHi[ hti[.
S¾di[n) Äyi²yi
s>Si[Fn kiy< aY[< p\ir>Bmi> s>Si[Fk S)P<k (nFi<(rt kr[ C[. s>Si[Fnni S)P<kmi>
smi(vOT S¾di[ ci[Ês aY< Frivti hi[y C[. j[Y) aivi S¾di[n[ Äyi²yi(yt krvi j$r)
bn[ C[. s>Si[Fk[ s>Si[Fn S)P<kmi> smi(vOT S¾di[n&> aY<GTn s>Si[Fnni s>dB<mi> n)c[
m&jb aip[l C[.
s&rt (jÃli[
(jÃli[ a[Tl[ kl[kTrni vh)vT) tibi h[qLni[ (vAtir. p\i>tni m&²y
(vBigi[mi>ni[ a[k (vBig.
nm<ki[S m&jb (jÃli[ a[Tl[ rijyni bºdi[bAtn[ si$ d[Sni piD[li kÃp[li j[
Bigi[ t[mini[ a[k, Eºsif c&kvvin[ si$ si[>p) aip[li p\i>ti[mi>ni[ a[k-s&rt (jÃli[,
amdivid (jÃli[ vg[r[.
g&jrit rijyn) AYipni 1 m[ 1960 mi> YE. g&jrit rijyni (jÃliai[ p]k)
s&rt (jÃli[ d(xN g&jritmi> aiv[li[ C[. p\vt<min s&rt (jÃlimi> ci[yi<s), ai[lpiD,
kimr[j, mi>gri[L, umrpiDi, mi>Dv), birDi[l), mh&vi, an[ plsiNi, a[vi nv til&kiai[
smi(vOT C[.
p\iY(mk (SxN
Bgvd` gi[m>Dl m&jb p\iY(mk (SxNni[ aY< ai m&jb krvimi> aiÄyi[ C[ :
p\iY(mk a[Tl[ ˜s>. p \Ym {ph[li>} + Ek {lgt&>}™ (v. air>B dSin&>; p \ir>(Bk;
p\iAt(vk; S$aitn&>; air>Bn&> ph[l&>; ph[li pg(Yyi j[v&> kim krni$.
(SxN a[Tl[ {1}. n. k[LvN); (vwi {2}. n>. bi[F; upd[S {3) ˜s>. (Sx`
{S)Kvv&>} + an {(k|yivick p\Ryy}™ (Sxi aipv) t[; BNivv&> t[, aicir, (vcir,
r)tBit an[ kli vg[r[n&> Xin din.
Encyclopaedia Britannica mi> p\iY(mk (SxNn) (vBivni ai p\miN[ ApOT
kr) C[ :
“Elementary Education also called primary education, the first
stage traditionally found in formal education, beginning at about age 5 to
7 and ending at about age 11 to 13”.
simiºy r)t[ Fi[rN a[kY) sit s&F)ni vgi[< Frivt) SiLin[ p\iY(mk SiLi tr)k[
ai[LKvimi> aiv[ C[. ji[ k[ d[Sni k[Tlik rijyi[mi> Fi[rN a[kY) aiq s&F)ni vgi[<ni[
p\iY(mk SiLimi> smiv[S krvimi> aiv[ C[. hilmi> g&jrit rijymi> pN Fi[rN aiqni[
p\iY(mk (SxNmi> smiv[S krvini[ (nN<y l[viyi[ C[ an[ tbÊivir Fi[rN aiqn[
p\iY(mk (SxNmi> smivvini[ p\ir>B S]x(Nk vP< 2010-11 Y) YE gyi[ C[. p\At&t
s>Si[Fn miT[ p\iY(mk (SxN a[Tl[ Fi[rN a[kY) sit aYvi Fi[rN a[kY) aiq s&F)ni
vgi[<mi> apit&> (SxN a[vi[ aY< krvimi> aiÄyi[ hti[.
sv< (Sxi a(Byin
J.s).E.air.T).{2003} m&jb sv< (Sxi a(Byin a[Tl[ Birtni minv
s>siFn (vkis m>#iily p&rAkZt an[ rijy srkir oiri apniviy[l p\iY(mk (SxNn)
s&FirNi miT[ni[ riOT)̂y kiy<k|m.
p\iY(mk (SxNni siv<(#ikrN miT[ ci[Ês smy r[Kini[ kiy<k|m. p\iY(mk
(SxNn) g&Nv_ii s&FirNi miT[ni[ k[ºW srkir, rijy srkir an[ AYi(nk Big)dir)ni[
kiy<k|m.
m*Ãyi>kn
dv[ {2012} ni jNiÄyi an&sir “Evaluation is a process of collecting,
analysing and interpreting evidence concerning pupil achievement for the
purpose of making a variety of decisions”
(SxNn) p\(k|yi drÀyin (v(vF p(rbLi[n) xmti, p\BivS)lti an[
p(rNimi[ni (vÅl[PN Äyi²yi(yt krvin) p\(k|yi a[Tl[ m*Ãyi>kn.
simiºy r)t[ ki[EpN Äy(ktni siri-nbLi pisiai[n) (vgtvir tpisN) krv)
a[n[ m*Ãyi>kn kh[viy. t[ j r)t[ ki[E p\vZ(_i, yi[jni k[ kiy<k|mn[ t[ni (nFi<(rt lÈyi[n)
p\i(¼tni s>dB<mi> ckisN) krv) a[Tl[ m*Ãyi>kn a[m kh) Skiy.
5. s>Si[Fnni h[t&ai[
ki[EpN s>Si[Fnkiy< h[t& (vnin&> hi[E Sk[ n(h, kirN k[ h[t&ai[ s>Si[Fkn[ a>(tm
¹y[y s&F) lE jnir d)vidi>D) C[. p\At&t s>Si[Fn n)c[ dSi<v[l h[t&ai[n[ ¹yinmi> riK)n[
hiY Frvimi> aiÄy&> ht&> :
{1} sv< (Sxi a(Byinni p(rp\[Èymi> sv<g\ih) mi(ht) p\i¼t krv).
{2} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t (vwiY)<ai[ni
nimi>kn s>dB[< (vwiY)< Brt)n) (s(Ün) jiNkir) p\i¼t krv).
{3} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin s>dB[< (vwiY)<ai[ni
AYiy)krNn) p(r(AY(t jiNv).
{4} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t p\yi[jiy[li
p\v[Si[Rsv, g&Ni[Rsv, vicn-l[Kn-gNn kiy<k|m j[vi kiy<k|mi[n) fl~&(tn)
jiNkir) p\i¼t krv).
{5} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t (vkli>g biLki[
miT[n) (v(SOT (SxN ÄyvAYi (vPyk Yy[l p\g(tn) jiNkir) m[Lvv).
{6} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t v]k(Ãpk (SxN
ÄyvAYi s>dB<mi> Yy[li> kiyi[<n) fl~&(t jiNv).
{7} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t kºyi k[LvN)
s>dB[< Yy[li> kiyi[<n) asr jiNv).
{8} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t yi[jit) (Sxki[
miT[n) s[vikil)n til)mn) fl~&(t jiNv).
{9} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t li[kBig)dir)n)
p(r(AY(tn) jiNkir) p\i¼t krv).
{10} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t SiLi
ÄyvAYipn s(m(tn) B*(mkin) sm)xi krv).
{11} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t til&ki s>siFn
k[ºW an[ j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni kiy<kti<ai[n) B*(mkin) fl~&(t p\i¼t krv).
{12} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t Bi](tk
s&(vFiai[ tYi a¹yyn-a¹yipnn) siFn simg\) miT[ mLti an&din s>dB[<
Yy[l vZ(Ün) mi(ht) m[Lvv).
{13} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t (vwiY)<ai[ni
(SxNn) g&Nv_ii s>dB[< Yy[l (s(Ün) jiNkir) p\i¼t krv).
{14} sv< (Sxi a(Byinn[ (vS[P fLdiy) bnivvi miT[ni (dSis*cni[ krvi.
6. s>Si[Fnni p\Åni[
pi[tini (vPyn[ ¹yinmi> riK)n[ n)c[ dSi<v[l p\Åni[ni u_ir m[Lvvi miT[
s>Si[Fnkiy< hiY Frvini[ s>Si[Fkni[ upk|m hti[.
{1} sv< (Sxi a(Byinn) a](thi(sk B*(mki S) C[ ?
{2} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t (vwiY)<ai[ni
nimi>kn a>g[n) (AY(t S) C[ ?
{3} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t (vwiY)<ai[ni
AYiy)krNmi> p(r(AY(t k[v) C[ ?
{4} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t p\yi[jiy[li
p\v[Si[Rsv, g&Ni[Rsv, vicn-l[Kn-gNn kiy<k|mn) fl~&(t k[vi p\kirn) rh) C[
?
{5} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t (vkli>g biLki[
miT[n) (v(SOT (SxN ÄyvAYin) (s(Ü k[v) rh) C[ ?
{6} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t v]k(Ãpk (SxN
ÄyvAYin) fl~&(t k[v) C[ ?
{7} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t kºyi k[LvN)
s>dB[< Yy[li> kiyi[<n) asr k[vi p\kirn) rh) C[ ?
{8} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t yi[jit) (Sxki[
miT[n) s[vikil)n til)mn) fl~&(t S) C[ ?
{9} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t li[kBig)dir)Y)
SiLi (vkisn) (AY(t k[v) C[ ?
{10} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t SiLi
ÄyvAYipn s(m(tn) B*(mki k[v) rh) C[ ?
{11} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t til&ki s>siFn
k[ºW an[ j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni kiy<kti<ai[n) B*(mkin) fl~&(t k[v) C[ ?
{12} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t Bi](tk
s&(vFiai[ tYi a¹yyn-a¹yipnn) siFn simg\) miT[ mLti an&din s>dB[<
Yy[l vZ(Ün) fl~&(t S) rh) C[ ?
{13} s&rt (jÃlin) p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t (vwiY)<ai[ni
(SxNn) g&Nv_iin) (AY(t k[v) C[ ?
{14} sv< (Sxi a(Byinn[ (vS[P fLdiy) bnivvi miT[ S&> krv&> ji[Ea[ ?
7. s>Si[Fnn&> mh_v
p\iY(mk (SxN a[ d[Sn) piyin) j$(ryit C[. p\iY(mk (SxN a[ p\ir>(Bk
tbÊi[ hi[E, t[mi> p\vt<t) (S(Ylti k[ (nOfLtin) s)F) asr k|(mk tbÊiai[ pr pD[
C[. ai bibtn[ lxmi> lEn[ d[Sni b>FirNmi> tmim biLki[ miT[ mft an[ fr(jyit
p\iY(mk (SxNni[ aidS< Av)kiriyi[. Birtmi> Kis kr)n[ (vAtrNni> air>BkiLmi>
(SxNn) (x(tji[n[ (vAtirvi jti> p\iY(mk (SxNni (vkis an[ g&Nv_iin) uNp p\vt[<
C[. p\iY(mk SiLiai[ni vh)vT) tYi S]x(Nk p\Åni[ a>g[ni ai>t(rk tYi biH s>b>Fi[
ji[ti jNiy C[ k[ (SxNni ¹y[yi[n[ (sÜ krvin&> Fir)a[ t[Tl&> sh[l&> nY), kirN k[ bF) j
smAyiai[ a[kb)ji prn) pirAp(rk asri[ vF& G[r) C[. t[m Cti> ai x[#i[ tmim
aiSiai[ni (krNi[ SiLini aiciy<, (Sxki[, vil), smij an[ vh)vT) miLKin)
hkiriRmk ai>tr(k|yi pr avl>(bt C[. j$r C[ mi#i sim*(hk p\yis vD[ a[k t>d&rAt
vitivrN (nmi<Nn) ! aivi vitivrNni (nmi<N miT[ si] BN[ si] aigL vF[ a[ ¹y[y
tYi p\iY(mk (SxNn&> siv<#i)krN Yiy, AYiy)krN siY[ dr[k biLkn[ g&Nv_ii sBr
(SxN mL[ a[ jvibdir) siY[ cilt&> sv< (Sxi a(Byin k[Tl[ a>S[ sfL Yy&> t[ jiNvi
p\At&t s>Si[Fn (vwiY)<, vil), aiciy<, (Sxk, smij an[ vh)vT) miLKin[ aRy>t
upyi[g) p&rvir YS[. p\iY(mk SiLimi> Bi](tk s&(vFiai[, S]x(Nk siFni[n) s¶jti
j[vi p(rbLi[ p\iY(mk (SxNn[ t[ni lÈyi[Y) d*r riK[ C[. ai p(rbLi[n[ mh`da>S[
(nvirvi sv< (Sxi a(Byinn[ mL[l sfLti-(nOfLti jiNvi p\At&t s>Si[Fn p\iY(mk
(SxN siY[ s>kLiy[li si]n[ upyi[g) YS[. a[v&> s>Si[Fk nm\pN[ min[ C[.
8. s>Si[Fnn&> s)mi>kn
simiºyt: dr[k s>Si[Fk AYL, kiL an[ niNi>k)y myi<diai[ni s>dB<mi>
a¿yisn) k[Tl)k myi<diai[ Av)kir)n[ pi[tin&> s>Si[Fn hiY Fr[ C[. p\At&t s>Si[Fnn&>
s)mi>kn n)c[ m&jb Av)kirvimi> aiÄy&> ht&> :
{1} p\At&t s>Si[Fn s&rt (jÃli p>ciyt (SxN s(m(t s>ci(lt g&jrit) mi¹ymn)
p\iY(mk SiLiai[ p*rt&> s)(mt rH&> ht&>>.
{2} p\At&t s>Si[Fnn) mi(ht) a[k#i krvi miT[ dAtiv[J si(hRy, a(Bp\iyiv(l,
p\Åniv(l, siÈyp#ini[ upyi[g krvimi> aiÄyi[ hti[.
{3} mi(ht) a[k#i krvi miT[ nm*ni ps>dg) miT[ yiØ(µCk nm*ni ps>dg)n) r)t
apnivvimi> aiv) ht).
9. s>Si[Fn pÜ(t
ki[EpN aY<p*N< smAyini[ uk[l Si[Fvi miT[ smAyini Av$p an[ uk[ln)
j$(ryitni s>dB<mi> am&k ci[Ês pÜ(ta[ s>Si[Fn p\(k|yi hiY Frvimi> aiv[ C[.
alg-alg smAyini[ uk[l alg-alg pÜ(tY) Si[F) Skiy C[. ai r)t[ S]x(Nk
s>Si[Fnmi> upyi[gmi> l[vit) k[Tl)k pÜ(tai[mi> a](thi(sk pÜ(t, sv[<xN pÜ(t,
Äy(kt a¿yis pÜ(t, s>b>FiRmk pÜ(t, p\iyi[(gk pÜ(t, (nr)xN pÜ(t vg[r[ni[
smiv[S Yiy C[. ai pÜ(tai[n[ a(Bgmn) Ø(OTa[ s>²yiRmk an[ g&NiRmk a[m b[
p\kiri[mi> vg)<kZt kr) Skiy C[. pr>t& s>Si[Fn p\(k|yin) S]l)ni aiFir[ k&l cir (vBigmi>
ai pÜ(tai[n[ (vBiJt kr) Skiy C[. B*tkiL siY[ s>b>(Ft GTniai[ni a¿yis miT[
a](thi(sk pÜ(t, ti[ vt<min GTniai[ni a¿yis miT[ vN<niRmk pÜ(tai[ni[ upyi[g
krvimi> aiv[ C[. stt li>bi smy s&F) cilti l>bgt, aiDC[d) an[ p\vihlx)
a¿yisi[ (vkisiRmk a¿yisi[ kh[vimi> aiv[ C[. ai upri>t S&Ü v]Xi(nk an[ s>²yiRmk
a(BgmY) hiY Friti a¿yisi[ miT[ p\yi[g pÜ(t an[ t[n) (v(vF yi[jniai[ p\c(lt
C[.
p\At&t s>Si[Fn s&rt (jÃlimi> p\iY(mk (SxN kxia[ sv< (Sxi a(Byinn&>
m*Ãyi>kn s>dB[< hi[viY) sv[<xN pÜ(t vF& yi[³y si(bt Yt) hi[y sv[<xN pÜ(tni[
upyi[g krvimi> aiÄyi[ hti[.
10. Äyip(vÅv an[ nm*nin) ps>dg)
s>Si[Fk[ ci[ksiep*v<k an[ (vSd`tip*v<k ji[ ki[EpN smAyini[ a¿yis krvi[ hi[y
ti[ t[ni Äyip(vÅvn) Äyi²yi ApOT krv) aRy>t aivÆy bn[ C[. Sih {2004} jNiv[ C[
k[ “sm(OT a[Tl[ Sky bFi> j p\(tcirki[ jyir[ sm(OTni[ a[k Big k[ j[mi> s>Si[Fkn[
p\v[Svini[ mig< C[, t[ Äyip(vÅv”. s>Si[Fk[ j[ S)P<k h[qL s>Si[Fn kiy< hiY Fy&<> ht&> t[
s>dB<mi> s&rt (jÃli p>ciyt (SxN s(m(t s>ci(lt tmim p\iY(mk SiLiai[n[
Äyip(vÅvmi> smiv[S kyi[< hti[. t[mj sv< (Sxi a(Byin a>tg<t kiy<rt s&rt
(jÃlini tmim til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[ tYi tmim j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni
shs>yi[jki[ni[ Äyip(vÅvmi> smiv[S kyi[< hti[.
p\At&t s>Si[Fn hiY Frvi aY[< s>Si[Fk[ nm*ni ps>dg)n) (v(vF p\y&(ktai[mi>Y)
yiØ(µCk nm*ni ps>dg) pÜ(tn) r)t apniv) ht). S]x(Nk vP< dr(myin s&rt (jÃli
p>ciyt (SxN s(m(t oiri s>ci(lt p\iY(mk SiLiai[mi>Y) 209 SiLiai[mi> kiy<rt
(Sxki[ p]k) 638 (Sxki[n[ s>Si[Fk[ yid`(µCk nm*ni ps>dg)n) r)tY) nm*nimi> smi(vOT
kyi< hti. yiØ(µCk nm*ni ps>dg)n) r)tY) ps>d kr[l 209 SiLiai[ni aiciyi[<n[
nm*nimi> smi(vOT kyi< hti. s&rt (jÃlini nv til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[ tYi
72 j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>y[jki[n[ nm*nimi> smi(vOT kyi< hti.
11. s>Si[Fn miT[ni upkrNi[
p\Ry[k s>Si[Fk[ s>Si[Fn krvi miT[ mi(ht) a[k#i krv) pD[ C[. s>Si[Fn miT[n)
mi(ht) a[k#i krvi miT[ GNi bGi siFni[ upl¾F hi[y C[. S]x(Nk s>Si[Fn x[#i[ p\Ry[k
upkrN (v(SOT p\kirn) mi(ht) p*r) piD[ C[. s>Si[Fnn[ an&$p mi(ht) a[k#i krvi miT[
GNi (v(SOT a[vi siFni[ upl¾F hi[y C[. s>Si[Fn miT[ mi(ht) a[k#i krvi s>dB[<
upyi[gmi> l[viti siFni[n[ s>Si[Fnni upkrN tr)k[ ail[Kvimi> aiv[ C[. uciT
{2000} jNiv[ C[ k[, “s>Si[Fn p\(k|yi drÀyin a¿yisni h[t&ai[ an&sir aivÆyk
mi(ht) m[Lvvi miT[ni> siFnn[ upkrN kh[viy C[.”
s>Si[Fn yi[jnin) rcni krt) vKt[ j s>Si[Fk[ mi(ht) a[k#i krvi kyi
upkrNi[ viprvi ji[Ea[ t[ni[ (vcir krvini[ hi[y C[. s>Si[Fk[ p\At&t s>Si[Fnn[
an&lx)n[ a(Bp\iyiv(l, siÈyp#i an[ p\Åniv(ln) rcni kr) ht). s>Si[Fk[ p\At&t
s>Si[Fn kiy< miT[ p\iY(mk (Sxki[ pis[Y) mi(ht) a[k#i krvi a(Bp\iyiv(ln), aiciyi[<
tYi til&ki s>siFn k[ºW shs>yi[jk pis[Y) mi(ht) a[k#i krvi siÈyp#in) an[ j*Y
s>siFn k[ºW shs>yi[jk pis[Y) mi(ht) a[k#i krvi p\Åniv(ln) rcni kr) ht).
12. mi(ht)n&> a[k#i)krN
s>Si[Fn miT[ mi(ht)n&> Äyv(AYt r)t[ a[k#i)krN Yiy a[ a(nviy< C[. mi(ht)
a[k#i)krN krt) vKt[ s>Si[Fk[ ¹yin riKv&> j$r) bn[ C[ k[ p\i¼y mi(ht) s>Si[Fnn[
lgt) an[ p*N< hi[y. aF*r) an[ B*l Br[l) mi(ht) s>Si[Fnkiy<n) g&Nv_iin[ asr
phi[>ciD[ C[. s>Si[Fk[ mi(ht) a[k#i)krN s>dB<mi> v]Xi(nk Ø(OTki[N (vksivvi[ aRy>t
j$r) C[.
s>Si[Fk[ s>Si[Fn (vPyni s>dB<mi> (Sxki[ni a(Bp\iyi[ m[Lvvi miT[ nm*nimi>
smi(vOT Yt) SiLiai[n) $b$ m&likit[ jE (Sxki[n[ mL) t[mn[ a(Bp\iyiv(l aip)
ht). (Sxki[a[ Br[l) a(Bp\iyiv(l a[k#i krvi p&n: $b$ m&likit l[vimi> aiv) ht).
ai r)t[ k&l 630 j[Tl) a(Bp\iyiv(l smy myi<dimi> an[ s>p*N< r)t[ Br[l) prt mL)
ht).
nm*nimi> smi(vOT 209 SiLini aiciyi[< pis[Y) tYi nv til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni
sh s>yi[jk pis[Y) s>Si[Fk[ $b$ m&likit lEn[ s>Si[Fn aY[< siÈyp#imi> mi(ht) a[k#i
kr) ht). t[mj 72 j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[ pis[Y) p\Åniv(lmi> mi(ht)n&>
a[k#i)krN ky&<> ht&>.
13. mi(ht)n&> a>kSiA#i)y pZYÊrN
mi(ht) a[k#i)krN p\(k|yi bid a(t aivÆyk kiy< p\i¼t ai>kDik)y mi(ht)n&>
pZYÊrN krvin&> C[. p\At&t s>Si[Fn miT[ u_irditiai[ trfY) p\i¼t Yy[li> a(Bp\iyi[ni
aiFir[ p\Ry[k (vFinni> kiEvg< {x2} m*Ãyi[ n)c[ p\miN[ni s*#ini[ upyi[g kr) Si[Fvimi>
aiÄyi hti>.
∑
s>Si[Fk[ p\i¼t mi(ht) prY) k&l s>mt an[ t[n) Tkivir) tYi k&l as>mt an[
t[n) Tkivir) p\i¼t kr) ht). u_irditiai[a[ s>p*N< s>mt, s>mt, tTAY, as>mt an[
s>p*N< as>mtmi> a(Bp\iyi[ dSi<Äyi hti>. k&l p\i¼ti>ki[n[ k|mS: hkiriRmk (vFin miT[ 5,
4, 3, 2, 1 g&N an[ nkiriRmk (vFin miT[ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 g&N siY[ g&Nvimi> aiÄyi hti
an[ t[ni prY) sr[riS g&NBir p\i¼t kyi[< hti[. j[n[ aiFir[ (vFini[ni[ ag\tik|m
(nFi<(rt krvimi> aiÄyi[ hti[. siÈyp#i an[ p\Åniv(l oiri upl¾F mi(ht)n&>
simiºy)krN kr)n[ t[ni> tirNi[ m[Lvvimi> aiÄyi> hti>.
14. s>Si[Fnni tirNi[
p\At&t s>Si[Fnni h[t&ai[n[ ¹yinmi> riK)n[ (vksivvimi> aiv[l upkrNi[
a(Bp\iyiv(l, siÈyp#i an[ p\Åniv(l tYi dAtiv[J si(hRyn[ aiFir[ s>Si[Fnni
(nÀn(l(Kt p\m&K tirNi[ mÇyi> hti> :
nimi>kn s>dB<ni> tirNi[
1. nimi>knn[ kirN[ gimmi> Kr[Kr p\v[Spi#i biLki[n) s>²yi jiN) Skiy C[ a[v&>
94.29 Tki (Sxki[ minti hti.
2. mi[T[Bigni (Sxki[a[ a[Tl[ k[ 94.92 Tki (Sxki[a[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy dSi<Äyi[ k[
nimi>knn[ kirN[ SiLimi> biLki[n) p\v[Ss>²yi vF) C[.
3. nimi>knn[ kirN[ SiLimi> k[Tli Tki biLki[ diKl Yiy C[ t[n) ci[Ês mi(ht)
mL[ C[ a[v&> 92.70 Tki (Sxki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
4. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[ p]k) k[vL 6.03 Tki (Sxki[ nimi>knn[ (bnupyi[g)
gNiÄy&> ht&>.
5. SiLimi> biLki[n) s>²yi vFirvi miT[ nimi>kn j$r) C[ a[v&> 82.54 Tki (Sxki[
minti hti.
AYiy)krN a>g[ni tirNi[
1. biLki[n[ mLt) niNi>k)y, pi[Sik tYi Ki[rik s>b>(Ft shiyY) AYiy)krNmi>
vFiri[ Yyi[ C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 84.12 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
2. (Sxki[ oiri sji<y[l&> SiLin&> p\i[Rsihk vitivrN AYiy)krN miT[ asrkirk bºy&>
C[ a[v&> minniri (Sxki[n) Tkivir) 87.62 j[Tl) ht).
3. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[mi>Y) 82.22 Tki (Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&> k[ vil)s>pk< oiri
aiv[l li[kjigZ(tY) AYiy)krNmi> vZ(Ü YE C[.
4. sv< (Sxi a(Byinn[ kirN[ SiLimi> AY(gttin&> p\miN GTy&> C[ a[v&> 82.54
(Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&>.
5. SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(t AYi(ykrN miT[ mdd$p bn[ C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 73.65
Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
p\v[Si[Rsv, g&Ni[Rsv, vicn-gNn-l[Kn kiy<k|m a>g[ni tirNi[
1. SiLi p\v[Si[Rsv kiy<k|mn[ kirN[ SiLimi> (vwiY)<ai[n) s>²yimi> vFiri[ Yyi[ C[
a[v&> 91.43 Tki u_irditiai[n&> minv&> ht&>.
2. p\iY(mk (SxN p\Ry[ vil)ai[n[ jigZt krvi miT[ p\v[Si[Rsv asrkirk si(bt
Yyi[ C[- p\At&t (vFin siY[ 88.25 Tki (Sxki[ s>mt hti.
3. g&Ni[Rsv kiy<k|mY) SiLini (SxNn) g&Nv_iimi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[ a[vi[ 78.73 Tki
(Sxki[ni[ a(Bp\iy hti[.
4. (SxNn) g&Nv_ii s&FirNi miT[ g&Ni[Rsv asrkirk kiy<k|m C[ a[v&> minniri
(Sxki[n) Tkivir) 68.25 j[Tl) ht).
5. vicn-l[Kn-gNn kiy<k|mY) biLki[ni vicn, l[Kn, gNnmi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[
a[v&> 90.79 Tki u_irditiai[ minti hti.
6. vicn-l[Kn-gNn kiy<k|mni upciriRmk kiy<n) vg<mi> asr ji[vi mL[ C[ a[v&>
85.08 Tki (Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&>.
(vkli>g biLki[ni> (SxN a>g[ni tirNi[
1. (vkli>g biLki[ni (SxN miT[n) ÄyvAYin[ kirN[ (vkli>g biLki[ni (SxNmi>
vFiri[ Yyi[ C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 81.27 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
2. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[mi>Y) 75.24 Tki (Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&> k[ (vkli>g
biLki[ni (SxNn) ÄyvAYin[ kirN[ (vkli>g biLki[ni vil)ai[mi> (SxN s>dB[<
jigZ(t aiv) C[.
3. (vkli>gtini p\kir an&sir biLki[n[ (SxN aipniri til)m) (Sxki[n[ kirN[
biLki[ p\i[Rsi(ht Yyi C[- ai (vFin siY[ 65.08 Tki (Sxki[ s>mt Yyi hti.
4. (vkli>gtin) (v(vFti p\miN[ biLki[n[ j$r) S]x(Nk siFni[ upl¾F Yiy C[
a[v&> minniri (Sxki[n) Tkivir) 61.90 j[Tl) ht).
v]k(Ãpk (SxN ÄyvAYi a>g[ni tirNi[
1. v]k(Ãpk (SxN ÄyvAYi (SxNn) g&Nv_ii miT[ j$r) C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 75.56
Tki (Sxki[ Frivti hti.
2. p\iY(mk (SxNni siv<#i)krN miT[ v]k(Ãpk (SxN ÄyvAYi upyi[g) si(bt YE
C[- p\At&t (vFin siY[ 68.89 Tki (Sxki[ s>mt hti.
3. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[ p]k) 60.95 Tki (Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&> k[ p\iY(mk
(SxNY) v>(ct rh) gy[li k[ (SxN aF*r&> Ci[D) gy[li biLki[n[ v]k(Ãpk (SxN
oiri p\iY(mk (SxN p*N< kriv) Skiy&> C[.
4. v]k(Ãpk (SxN ÄyvAYini vgi[<mi> BNivniri (Sxki[n[ mLt) til)m upyi[g)
p&rvir YE C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy Frivniri (Sxki[n) Tkivir) 58.73 j[Tl) ht).
kºyi k[LvN) a>g[ni tirNi[
1. sv< (Sxi a(Byin oiri kºyi k[LvN)n&> p\miN v¹y&> C[ a[v&> 95.56 Tki (Sxki[n&>
minv&> ht&>.
2. sv< (Sxi a(Byinni kiy<k|mi[Y) li[ki[mi> kºyi k[LvN)n[ p\i[Rsihn mÇy&> C[ a[vi[
a(Bp\iy dSi<vniri 90.79 Tki (Sxki[ hti.
3. kºyiai[ miT[ uB) krvimi> aiv[l) aliyd) Bi](tk s&(vFiai[Y) vil)ai[mi> kºyi
k[LvN) a>g[ hkiriRmk vlN v¹y&> C[ a[v&> (Sxki[ ApOT minti hti.
4. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[ p]k) 87.61 Tki (Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&> k[ kºyiai[n[
mLti (vS[P liBi[n[ kirN[ vil)ai[ kºyin[ (SxN aipvi p\[riyi C[.
5. kºyin) mitin[ jigZt krvini kiy<k|mY) kºyi k[LvN)mi> vZ(Ü YE C[ a[v&>
minniri (Sxki[ 83.81 Tki j[Tli hti>.
s[vikil)n til)m a>g[ni tirNi[
1. s[vi kil)n til)mY) k(qn xmtiai[n[ srL bnivvin) pÜ(t, p\y&(kt, p\vZ(_i
jiN) S]x(Nk kiy<n[ rsmy bniv) Skiy&> C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy Frivniri (Sxki[n)
Tkivir) 86.99 j[Tl) ht).
2. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[mi>Y) 86.35 Tki (Sxki[ minti hti k[ s[vikil)n
til)mY) p\i¼t kr[li ki]SÃyi[n[ kirN[ vg<n&> vitivrN p\i[Rsihk bniv) Skiy&> C[.
3. s[vikil)n til)mmi> mi[Dy&l tYi s>dB< si(hRyn) mddY) vg<n&> (SxNkiy<
asrkirk bºy&> C[ a[vi[ mt dSi<vniri (Sxki[ 84.76 Tki j[Tli hti.
4. s[vikil)n til)mY) (Sxkn) a¹yipn s¶jtimi> vFiri[ Yyi[ C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy
80.63 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
5. til)mmi> S)K[l) bibti[ viAt(vk (SxNkiy<mi> upyi[g) bnt) nY)- ai
(vFin siY[ 66.98 Tki (Sxki[ as>mt Yyi hti.
li[kBig)dir) a>g[ni tirNi[
1. li[kBig)dir) li[ki[n) SiLi p\Ry[n) sBinti vFir[ C[- p\At&t (vFin siY[
86.19 Tki (Sxki[a[ s>m(t dSi<v) ht).
2. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[mi>Y) 81.90 Tki (Sxki[ a[v&> minti hti k[
li[kBig)dir) oiri SiLini (vkis a>g[ li[ki[mi> jigZ(t aiv) C[.
3. li[kBig)dir)a[ SiLini (SxNkiy<n[ v[gv>t& bniÄy&> C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 79.05
Tki (Sxki[a[ ai¼yi[ hti[.
4. li[kBig)dir) (SxNni> siv<#i)krN miT[ j$r) C[- a[v&> minniri (Sxki[n) s>²yi
79.37 Tki j[Tl) ht).
5. li[kBig)dir)n[ kirN[ SiLin) Bi](tk s&(vFiai[mi> vFiri[ Yyi[ C[- ai (vFin
siY[ 75.24 Tki j[Tl) ht).
SiLini ÄyvAYipn s(m(t s>dB[< tirNi[
1. SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(tn[ l)F[ li[ki[mi> biLki[ni (SxN a>g[ jigZ(t vF) C[
a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 80.32 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
2. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[ p]k) 73.97 Tki (Sxki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[ SiLi
ÄyvAYipn s(m(tni m(hli s¿yi[n[ kirN[ kºyi k[LvN)n[ p\i[Rsihn mÇy&> C[.
3. SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(tni s¿yi[ SiLini Bi](tk t[mj S]x(Nk (vkis miT[
mig<dS<k tYi shiyk bºyi C[ a[v&> 68.89 Tki j[Tli (Sxki[ minti hti.
4. SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(t SiLin[ mLti an&dinni upyi[gmi> mig<dS<k bn[ C[
a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 67.30 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
til&ki s>siFn k[ºW (BRC) tYi j*Y s>siFn k[ºW (CRC) a>g[ni tirNi[
1. til&ki s>siFn k[ºW (BRC) (Sxkn[ p\i[Rsihn p*r&> piD) nv) S]x(Nk pÜ(t,
p\y&(kt (vksivvimi> upyi[g) p&rvir Yy&> C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 81.59 Tki
(Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
2. til&ki s>siFn k[ºW (BRC) a[ (SxN s>b>(Ft smAyiai[ni[ s>Si[Fn oiri
v]Xi(nk uk[l s*cv) (SxNn[ asrkirk tYi g&Nv_iiy&kt bniÄy&> C[ a[v&>
77.14 Tki (Sxki[ minti hti.
3. til&ki s>siFn k[ºW {BRC} oiri mLti> mig<dS<nY) a¹yipn kiy<mi> s&Firi[
Yyi[ C[- p\At&t (vFin siY[ 77.14 Tki (Sxki[a[ s>m(t dSi<v) ht).
4. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[mi>Y) 83.17 Tki (Sxki[a[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy dSi<Äyi[ hti[
k[ j*Y s>siFn k[ºW {CRC} a[ a¹yyn-a¹yipn simg\)ni (nmi<N tYi
ajmiyS miT[ mig<dS<n aip) vg< (SxNn[ asrkirk bniÄy&> C[.
5. j*Y s>siFn k[ºW {CRC} (Sxki[n) S]x(Nk smAyiai[n[ uk[lvimi> mdd$p bºy&>
C[- (vFin siY[ 82.54 Tki (Sxki[ s>mt hti.
an&din a>g[ni tirNi[
1. SiLin[ mLt) Bi](tk s&(vFiai[ni an&dinY) SiLimi> Bi](tk Atrmi> s&Firi[ Yyi[
C[ a[v&> 93.02 Tki (Sxki[n&> ApOT minv&> ht&>.
2. a¹yyn-a¹yipn simg\)ni an&dinY) bn[l) simg\)ni upyi[g vD[ vg<
(SxNkiy< asrkirk bºy&> C[ a[vi[ a(Bp\iy 93.02 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
3. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[mi>Y) 88.26 Tki (Sxki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[ a¹yyn-
a¹yipn simg\)ni an&dinY) siFn (nmi<Nn[ l)F[ biLki[mi> rcniRmk
ki]SÃyi[ni[ (vkis Yyi[ C[.
4. SiLin[ mLti Bi](tk s&(vFini an&dinY) SiLini (SxNn) g&Nv_iimi> vZ(Ü
YE C[ a[v&> 83.49 Tki (Sxki[ minti hti.
(SxNn) g&Nv_ii a>g[ni tirNi[
1. sv< (Sxi a(Byinn[ l)F[ SiLini[ (vkis Yyi[ C[- ai (vFin siY[ 91.75 Tki
(Sxki[ s>mt hti.
2. nm*nimi> smi(vOT (Sxki[mi>Y) 87.31 Tki (Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&> k[ sv< (Sxi
a(Byinn[ kirN[ (Sxki[n) S]x(Nk s¶jti vF) C[.
3. sv< (Sxi a(Byinni kiy<k|mi[n[ kirN[ (SxNn) g&Nv_iimi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[ a[vi[
a(Bp\iy 85.71 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
4. (Sxki[n) S]x(Nk g&Nv_ii jiLvvimi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin sfL Yy&> C[- p\At&t
(vFin siY[ 72.38 Tki (Sxki[ s>mt Yyi hti.
5. SiLimi> Fi[rNvir (vPyn) g&Nv_ii vF[ t[vi p\yRni[mi> sv< (Sxi a(Byin sfL
Yy&> C[ a[v&> 70.48 Tki (Sxki[ minti hti.
6. p\iY(mk (SxNn) g&Nv_ii ckisN) miT[n) yi[³y m*Ãyi>kn p\(v(F sv< (Sxi
a(Byin p*r) piD) Sky&> C[ a[vi[ mt 66.03 Tki (Sxki[a[ dSi<Äyi[ hti[.
7. sv< (Sxi a(Byin p\iY(mk (SxNn) g&Nv_iini Atrmi> vZ(Üni[ h[t& (sÜ kr)
Sky&> nY).- p\At&t (vFin siY[ 65.08 Tki (Sxki[ as>mt Yyi hti.
m&kt jvib) p\Åni[mi>Y) mLti> tirNi[
1. sv< (Sxi a(Byinnini m&²y lÈyi[ (sÜ Yyi C[ a[v&> 77.44% (Sxki[ minti
hti. jyir[ 22.06 Tki (Sxki[a[ u_ir ni ai¼yi[ hti[.
2. nimi>knn[ kirN[ SiLimi> biLki[n) p\v[S s>²yi vF) C[ a[v&> (Sxki[n&> ApOT
minv&> ht&>.
3. SiLimi> AYiy)krNn&> p\miN v¹y&> C[ a[v&> (Sxki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
4. sv< (Sxi a(Byinni kiy<k|mi[n[ kirN[ SiLini (SxNn) g&Nv_iimi> s&Firi[ Yyi[
C[ a[v&> (Sxki[n&> minv&> ht&>.
5. (Sxki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[ vil)ai[ni[ biLkni (SxN miT[ shkir mLti[ nY) j[n)
(SxNn) g&Nv_ii pr asr Yiy C[.
siÈyp#ii[n[ aiFir[ p\i¼t Yy[li> tirNi[ {aiciyi[<}
1. nimi>knn[ kirN[ SiLimi> (vwiY)<ai[n) s>²yi vF) C[ a[v&> 80.38 Tki aiciyi[<n&>
minv&> ht&>.
2. nm*nimi> smi(vOT SiLini aiciyi[< p]k) 76.56 Tki aiciyi[<a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[
m¹yihn Bi[jn yi[jni, gNv[S-piT)p[n shiy, (SOyvZ(_i, mft piqyp&Atk
shiy, SiLin) Bi](tk s&(vFi miT[ mLti an&din tYi vil)s>pk< j[vi kiy<k|mi[n[
kirN[ SiLimi> AYiy)krNn&> p\miN v¹y&> C[.
3. SiLi p\v[Si[Rsv kiy<k|m s>dB<mi> riKvimi> aivti si>AkZ(tk kiy<k|mi[, vil)
sºmin kiy<k|m, S]x(Nk k)T, ditiai[n) shiy, kºyiai[ miT[ (vwilÈm) bi[ºD
j[v) yi[jniai[n[ kirN[ SiLimi> (vwiY)<ai[n) p\v[S s>²yi vF) C[ a[v&> 74.16
Tki aiciyi[<n&> ApOT minv&> ht&>.
4. SiLi (SxNn) g&Nv_ii s&FirNi miT[ g&Ni[Rsv kiy<k|m upyi[g) si(bt Yyi[ C[
a[v&> 66.99 Tki aiciyi[<a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
5. vicn-gNn-l[Kn kiy<k|mn) p\vZ(_iai[n[ kirN[ nbLi (vwiY)<ai[ni vicn-
gNn-l[Knmi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[ a[v&> 76.08 Tki aiciyi[< minti hti.
6. SiLimi> (vkli>g biLki[ p\v[S m[Lvti Yyi C[ tYi (vkli>gtini p\kir an&sir
p\iY(mk (SxN m[Lvti Yyi C[ a[v&> 59.81 Tki aiciyi[<a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
7. v]k(Ãpk (SxN ÄyvAYin[ kirN[ p\iY(mk (SxNY) v>(ct rh) gy[l biLki[n[ t[n)
vy an&sir p\ir>(Bk (SxN mL) rh[ C[ a[v&> 57.42 Tki aiciyi[<n&> minv&> ht&>.
8. (vwilx) bi[ºD, kºyiai[ miT[ anij (vtrN yi[jni, kºyiai[ miT[ alg
s[n)T[Sn ÄyvAYi, m)nim>cn) p\vZ(_iai[ j[vi kiy<k|mi[-yi[jnin[ kirN[ SiLimi>
kºyi k[LvN)n&> p\miN v¹y&> C[ a[v&> 90.43 Tki aiciyi[<a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
9. s[vikil)n til)mmi> jiNvi mLt) (v(vF p¹F(tai[, p\y&(ktai[ tYi k(qn
m&Ñiai[n[ srL bnivvi miT[n) r)ti[n) jiNkir) mLvin[ kirN[ (Sxki[n)
s¶jtimi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[ a[v&> 86.60 Tki aiciyi[< minti hti.
10. nm*nimi> smi(vOT SiLiai[ni> aiciyi[< p]k) 90.90 Tki aiciyi[<a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[
biLki[n) (ny(mtti bibt[, vil) jigZ(t a>g[, SiLini AYi(nk p\Åni[ni uk[l
s>dB[<, jih[r kiy<k|mi[mi> SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(t K*b mdd$p bn) C[.
11. til&ki s>siFn k[ºW {BRC} SiLin) S]x(Nk tYi Bi](tk sgvDi[ s>b>F)
smAyiai[ (nvirvimi> upyi[g) Yyi C[ a[v&> 75.12 Tki aiciyi[<ai[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
12. (SxNn) g&Nv_ii s&FirNi miT[ tYi vg<K>Dn) smAyiai[ (nvirvi s>dB[< j*Y
s>siFn k[ºWni kiy<kti<ni[ shkir mL[ C[ a[v&> 73.68 Tki aiciyi[< minti hti.
13. SiLin[ mLti> Bi](tk s&(vFi miT[ni tYi S]x(Nk (vkis miT[ni an&dinY)
SiLini[ Bi](tk t[mj S]x(Nk (vkis Yyi[ C[ a[v&> 91.39 Tki aiciyi[<a[ jNiÄy&>
ht&>.
14. SiLini (vwiY)<ai[n) g&Nv_ii s&FirNini p\yRni[mi> sfLti mL) C[ a[v&> 77.03
Tki aiciyi[<a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
15. a¹yyn-a¹yipnn) nv) pÜ(tai[, ØÆy-~iÄy siFni[ni[ vg<mi> upyi[g a>g[n&>
mig<dS<n, (Sxki[n[ (voini[ oiri s[vikil)n til)mmi> mig<dS<n, p\v[Si[Rsv,
nimi>kn, v]k(Ãpk (SxN ÄyvAYi, (vkli>g biLki[ni (SxNn) ÄyvAYi, vil)
s>pk< kiy<k|m j[vi kiy<k|mi[n[ kirN[ sv< (Sxi a(Byin p\iY(mk (SxNni
g&Nv_ii siY[ siv<(#ikrN krvimi> sfL Yy&> C[ a[v&> 75.60 Tki aiciyi[<n&> minv&>
ht&>.
siÈyp#ii[n[ aiFir[ p\i¼t Yy[li> tirNi[ {BRC}
1. SiLini (Sxki[ oiri vil)s>pk<, nimni[>FN), SiLi p\v[Si[Rsvn&> aiyi[jn tYi
g\im p>ciyt kc[r) t[mj SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(tni shyi[gn[ kirN[ til&ki
s>siFn k[ºWn) SiLiai[mi> nimi>knmi> vZ(Ü YE C[. a[v&> til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni
shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
2. til&ki s>siFn k[ºWmi> aivt) SiLiai[mi> Bi](tk s&(vFiai[mi> vFiri[ krvimi>
aiÄyi[, (v(vF S]x(Nk p\vZ(_iai[, ApFi<ai[, si>AkZ(tk kiy<k|mi[, (v(vF uRsvi[n)
ujvN), p\vZ(_i oiri (SxN, kÀ¼y*Tr (SxN, m¹yihn Bi[jn yi[jni, gNv[S
shiy, mft piqyp&Atk shiy, vil)s>pk< oiri li[kjigZ(t j[vi kiy<k|mi[ tYi
ditiai[ trfY) SiLi (vkis miT[ mLti dinni kirN[ AYiy)krN v¹y&> C[ a[m
til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni ki[ai[D)<n[Tr minti hti>.
3. til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[ g&Ni[Rsv kiy<k|mn) $pr[Ki
m&jb SiLimi> Bi](tk s&(vFiai[ vFirvimi> aiv) C[ t[mj S]x(Nk p\vZ(_iai[n&>
aiyi[jn tYi aml)krNn[ l)F[ upri>t vil) jigZ(t miT[ vil) s>m[lni[ni
aiyi[jnn[ kirN[ SiLiai[n) g&Nv_iimi> vZ(Ü YE C[.
4. vicn-gNn-l[Kn kiy<k|m a>tg<t riKvimi> aivti upciriRmk vgi[<n)
ÄyvAYi, upciriRmk vgi[<mi> upyi[g krvi miT[ni S]x(Nk siFni[ni (nmi<N miT[
mLt&> an&din, upciriRmk vgi[<mi> biLki[ pr Äy(ktgt ¹yin, biLki[n)
p\g(tn) ckisN) p#ik tYi stt mig<dS<n mLt&> hi[viY) SiLini> biLki[mi>
vicn-l[Kn-gNnmi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[ a[v&> til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[
minti hti.
5. (vkli>g biLki[ miT[ (Sxki[n) ÄyvAYi, tb)b) tpis tYi sirvir, siFn
shiy, m&sifr) pis j[vi> (v(vF srkir) liBi[ apivt&> p\miNp#i upl¾F
krivv&>, Kis (SOyvZ(_i, (vkli>gtini p\kir an&sirni (SxN miT[ alg (rsi[s<
K>Dn) ÄyvAYi, (vkli>g biLki[ni p\i[Rsihn miT[ (v(vF ApFi<ai[ tYi Enim,
(vkli>g biLki[ni vil)ai[ miT[ni> s[(mniri[ni kirN[ (vkli>g biLki[ni
vil)ai[mi> jigZ(t aiv) C[ a[v&> til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni ki[ai[D)<n[Tri[a[ jNiÄy&>
ht&&>.
6. p\iY(mk (SxNY) v>(ct rh) gy[li 6 Y) 14 vP<n) vyni biLki[ miT[ v]k(Ãpk
(SxN yi[jni h[qL ag(ryi vg<, E>Ti[ni BÎini k&T&>bi[ni biLki[ni vg<, S[rD)
kipti mj&ri[ni biLki[ni vg<, mi[biEl SiLi, biL(m#i vg<n) ÄyvAYimi>
mLt) S]x(Nk siFn simg\), simiºy SiLimi> p\v[Sn) pi#iti tYi miEg\[Sn
sT)< mLvin[ kirN[ aivi biLki[ (SxN l[ti Yyi C[ tYi p\iY(mk (SxNn&>
siv<#i)krN Yy&> C[ a[v&> til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[ minti hti.
7. til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni ki[ai[D)<n[Tri[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[ kºyi k[LvN) miT[
kºyiai[n) mitiai[n[ jigZt krvini kiy<k|mi[, m)nim>cn) p\vZ(_iai[, kºyi
k[LvN) rYyi#ii, kºyi k[LvN) (n(F, siykl (vtrN tYi anij (vtrN,
(vwilÈm) bi[ºD yi[jni j[v) (v(vF yi[jniai[n[ kirN[ li[ki[ kºyi k[LvN) p\Ry[
jigZt Yyi C[ tYi SiLiai[mi> kºyiai[n) p\v[S s>²yimi> mi[Ti[ vFiri[ ji[vi mÇyi[
C[.
8. s[vikil)n til)mni vgi[<mi> (Sxki[n[ vg<mi> a¹yipn kiy< dr(myin UB) Yt)
smAyiai[ tYi p\Åni[ni uk[l miT[ nÊr mig<dS<n mL[ C[. a[kmi[n[ an&$p
(v(vF pÜ(tai[, p\vZ(_iai[, p\y&(ktai[n) U>D) smj aipvimi> aiv[ C[. TLM
n&> (nmi<N tYi upyi[g a>g[ mig<dS<n mL[ C[. (voin tj`Xi[ oiri aidS<
(ndS<n piq rj* krvimi> aivt&> hi[vin[ l)F[ SiLini vgi[<mi> a¹yipnmi> s&Firi[
ji[vi mÇyi[ C[ a[v&> til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
9. SiLini> Bi](tk siFni[ miT[, S]x(Nk siFni[ miT[, (vwiY)<ai[n[ aivÆyk S]x(Nk
k)T, si>AkZ(tk kiy<k|mi[ miT[ siFn shiy, ApFi<ai[ miT[ Enim j[v) bibti[mi>
li[kBig)dir) Sky bn) C[ a[v&> mi[T[Bigni b).air.s). ki[ai[D)<n[Tria[ jNiÄy&>
ht&>.
10. SiLimi> g[rhijr rh[ti biLki[n[ (ny(mt krvimi>, SiLin) Bi[](tk s&(vFiai[n)
jiLvN)mi>, kiy<k|mi[ni aiyi[jn tYi SiLin) S]x(Nk g&Nv_ii vF[ t[n&> ¹yin
riKvimi> SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(t K*b j shiyk bn) C[ a[vi m>tÄyi[ til&ki
s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ ai¼yi hti.
11. b).air.s). tYi (jÃli (SxN til)m Bvn oiri j*Y s>siFn k[ºWn[
upciriRmk (SxN, biL m[Li, (vXin m[Li, (dn (vS[Pn) ujvN), Eki[klbn)
p\vZ(_i, d*rvt)< (SxNni kiy<k|mi[ bibt[ mig<dS<n mL[ C[. (vPyvAt&ni a¹yipn
bibt[ pDt) m&Æk[l) (nvirvi t[mj (Sxk s¶jti vFirvi a>g[ til)mn&>
aiyi[jn krvimi> aiv[ C[ a[v&> b).air.s). ki[ai[D)<n[Tri[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
12. SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(tn) d[Kr[K h[qL SiLin[ mLti> an&dinni[ SiLini>
Bi](tk (vkis miT[ tYi S]x(Nk (vkis miT[ yi[³y upyi[g Yiy a[ miT[
s).air.s). ki[ai[D)<n[Trn&> yi[³y mig<dS<n mL[ C[. an&dinY) mL[l rkm tYi
Kc<n&> smyi>tr[ ai[D)T krvimi> aiv[ C[ tYi s*cni[ krvimi> aiv[ C[ a[v&> til&ki
s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
13. SiLiai[ni (vwiY)<ai[n) S]x(Nk g&Nv_iin&> Atr U>c>& aiv[ t[ miT[ upciriRmk
vgi[<n&> aiyi[jn, a>g\[J (vPyni (SxN miT[ (vS[P aiyi[jn, g(Nt-(vXin
(vPyni k(qn m&Ñiai[n[ srL bnivvi miT[ni upiyi[ a>g[n) til)m, (vXin-
g(Nt m>DLn) rcni, s&l[Kn, (nb>F l[Kn, a[kmi[n&> niTy)krN oiri rj*ait,
kv)z j[v) ApFi<ai[n&> aiyi[jn SiLi kxia[ t[mj ¾li[k kxia[ krvimi> aiv[ C[
a[v&> ¾li[k r)si[s< s[ºTrni ki[ai[D)<n[Tri[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
14. sv< (Sxi a(Byin oiri j SiLin) Bi](tk t[mj S]x(Nk s&(vFiai[mi> u_iri[_ir
vFiri[ Yyi[ C[. biLki[n[ S]x(Nk (vkis miT[n) tk, (Sxki[n) a¹yipn s¶jti
vFirvini sfL p\yRni[, (SxN p\Ry[ vil)ai[n) jigZ(t tYi SiLi (vkis miT[
li[k shkir m[Lvvi j[v) bibti[ sv< (Sxi a(Byinni kiy<k|mi[ oiri Sky bn)
C[ a[v&> mi[T[Bigni til&ki s>siFn k[ºWni> shs>yi[jki[n&> minv&> ht&>.
p\Åniv(ln[ aiFir[ p\i¼t Yy[li> tirNi[ {CRC}
1. nimi>knn[ kirN[ biLki[ni SiLi p\v[Sni drmi> vZ(Ü YE C[ a[v&> 100 Tki j*Y
s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[n&> ApOT minv&> ht&>.
2. tmim j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[ SiLimi> AYiy)krNn&>
p\miN v¹y&> C[.
3. g&Ni[Rsvn) SiLini S]x(Nk Atrmi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[ a[v&> 88.89 Tki s>siFn
k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[n&> minv&> ht&>.
4. mi[T[Bigni a[Tl[ k[ 94.44 Tki j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&> k[
SiLi p\v[Si[RsvY) SiLimi> (vwiY)<ai[n) s>²yi vF) C[.
5. vicn-gNn-l[Kn kiy<k|mY) biLki[ni vicn, gNn, l[Knni x[#imi> s&Firi[
Yyi[ C[ a[v&> 88.89 Tki j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[ minti hti.
6. (vkli>g biLki[n[ t[n) (vkli>gtini p\kir p\miN[ mLti (SxNn) g&Nv_iimi>
vZ(Ü YE C[ a[v&> 77.78 Tki j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
7. v]k(Ãpk (SxNni vgi[<Y) C vP<Y) vF& u>mrni tYi SiLimi>Y) uq) gy[li
biLki[n[ vykxi an&sir (SxN mL[ C[ a[v&> 61.11 Tki j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni
shs>yi[jki[n&> minv&> ht&>.
8. SiLimi> kºyi k[LvN)n&> p\miN v¹y&> C[ a[vi[ u_ir 100 Tki j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni
shs>yi[jki[a[ ai¼yi[ hti[.
9. (Sxki[n) til)m ÄyvAYi aiyi[jnbÜ an[ g&Nv_iiy&kt Yiy t[ a[v&> 94.44 Tki
j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
10. u_irditiai[ p]k) 66.67 Tkini u_irditiai[n&> minv>& ht&> k[ j*Y s>siFn k[ºWn)
bF) SiLiai[mi> li[kBig)dir)Y) (SxNn&> (vAtrN Yy&> C[.
11. j*Y s>siFn k[ºWY) bF) SiLiai[mi> li[kBig)dir)Y) Bi](tk s&(vFiai[ vF) C[
a[v&> 61.11 Tki j*Y s>siFn k[ºW shs>yi[jki[ minti hti.
12. SiLi ÄyvAYipn s(m(tni[ SiLi (vkis miT[ shkir mL[ C[ a[vi[ u_ir 83.33
Tki u_irditiai[a[ ai¼yi[ hti[.
13. j*Y s>siFn k[ºWni shs>yi[jki[ p]k) 94.44 Tki shs>yi[jki[n&> minv>& ht&> k[ j*Y
s>siFn k[ºWni SiLiai[n[ mLti mig<dS<nY) SiLin) S]x(Nk (s(Ümi> vFiri[
Yyi[ C[.
14. SiLin[ mLti an&dinY) SiLini[ Bi](tk (vkis Yyi[ C[ a[v&> 94.44 Tki j*Y
s>siFn k[ºW shs>yi[jki[a[ jNiÄy&> ht&>.
15. SiLinii vg< (SxN kiy<mi> a¹yyn-a¹yipn simg\)ni[ yi[³y upyi[g Yiy C[
a[v&> minniri j*Y s>siFn k[ºW shs>yi[jki[n) Tkivir) 88.89 j[Tl) ht).
16. tmim j*Y s>siFn k[ºW shs>yi[jki[n&> ApOT minv&> ht&> k[ SiLimi> (vwiY)<ai[ni
(SxNni Atrmi> s&Firi[ Yyi[ C[.
15. smipn
s>Si[Fk nm\pN[ Av)kir[ C[ k[ S]x(Nk s>Si[Fni[ a>(tm Av$pni hi[ti nY). ai
p\kirni s>Si[Fn hiY Friti j rh[ a[ aivÆyk C[. s>Si[Fk[ s&rt (jÃlimi> p\iY(mk
(SxN kxia[ sv< (Sxi a(Byinn&> m*Ãyi>kn a>g[ a¿yis hiY Fyi[< hti[. j[ p\iY(mk
(SxN s&FirNi miT[ pYdS<k bn) Sk[ a[m C[.
Birtmi> jºm[li dr[k mn&Oyn[ p\iY(mk (SxN mL) rh[ a[ li[kSih)ni s>rxN
an[ s>vF<n miT[ Birtn) j$(ryit bn) C[. li[kSih)mi> (SxN a[ li[kSih)ni[ p\iNviy&
C[. li[kSih) Birtmi> nv(nmi<N miT[ p\iY(mk (SxN oiri axr Xinni[ p\cir an[
p\sir t[mj biLki[mi> piyini ki]SÃyi[ K)lv) t[mnimi> simi(jk an[ si>AkZ(tk m*Ãyi[n&>
GDtr YE Sk[ an[ nig(rk tr)k[ ci(r#yni[ sm&(ct (vkis siF) Sk[ t[ miT[ p\iY(mk
(SxN a[ dr[k Birtvis)n) lG&_im j$(ryit bn) C[. Ryir[ p\At&t s>Si[Fn p\iY(mk
(SxNni siv<(#ikrNmi> avri[Fk p(rbLi[n[ d*r krvimi> mig<dS<k$p bnS[ an[
g&Nv_iiy&kt p\iY(mk (SxNn) p\i(¼t miT[ rih c)>Fnir&> bnS[ ti[ s>Si[Fkni[ p\yis
siY<k gNiS[.
s>dB<s*(c
siF&, p). {2008}. k[LvN)ni diS<(nk aiFiri[. amdivid : axr p¾l)k[Sn, g&jrit
rijy.
Sih, g&Nv>t an[ d[siE, Fnv>t {1996}. (SxN dS<n. amdivid : b).a[s. Sih
p\kiSn, g&jrit rijy.
l&hir, krsndis, {2010}. (Sxk, (SxN an[ k[LvN). rijki[T : p\v)N p\kiSn
p\i.(l. rijki[T.
pT[l, a[m.a[m., {1988}. Birt)y (SxN p>ci[n) a[k zlk, amdivid : b).a[s.Sih
p\kiSn.
pT[l, air. D). an[ aºyi[ {2006}. sv< (Sxi a(Byin (mSn. gi>F)ngr: g&jrit
S]x(Nk s>Si[Fn an[ til)m p(rPd, g&jrit rijy.
p>(Dt, n(ln, {aiƒgAT, 2003}. Jvn (SxN. gi>F)ngr : g&jrit S]x(Nk s>Si[Fn
an[ til)m p(rPd.
dv[, rv)ºW {2012}. SiLik)y sv<g\ih) m*Ãyi>kn. gi>F)ngr : g&jrit S]x(Nk s>Si[Fn
an[ til)m p(rPd, g&jrit rijy.
Sih, D).b). {2004}. S]x(Nk s>Si[Fn. amdivid : y&(nv(s<T) g\>Y (nmi<N bi[D<,
g&jrit rijy.
uciT, D).a[. {2000}. s>Si[Fnn) (v(SOT pÜ(tai[. rijki[T : vis&k) (p\ºT)>g p\[s,
g&jrit rijy.
pir[K, b).y&. an[ (#iv[d), a[m.D)., {1994}. (SxNmi> ai>kDiSiA#i. amdivid :
y&(nv(s<T) g\>Y (nmi<N bi[D<, g&jrit rijy.
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