vysoké uČení technické v brnĚ - core uČení technické v brnĚ...
TRANSCRIPT
VYSOK UEN TECHNICK V BRNBRNO UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
FAKULTA STROJNHO INENRSTVSTAV AUTOMOBILNHO A DOPRAVNHOINENRSTV
FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERINGINSTITUTE OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING
PODVOZEK SKLDKOVHO STROJE
RAIL UNDERCARRIAGE OF STACKER/RECLAIMER
DIPLOMOV PRCEMASTER'S THESIS
AUTOR PRCE Bc. JI SCHSSELAUTHOR
VEDOUC PRCE Ing. PEMYSL POKORN, Ph.D.SUPERVISOR
BRNO 2013
BRNO 2013
ABSTRAKT, KLOV SLOVA
ABSTRAKT
Tato diplomov prce se zabv kolejovm podvozkem skldkovho stroje pouvanho v tepelnch elektrrnch. Npln tto prce je koncepn nvrh dvoustopho kolejovho podvozku s vahadlovm uspodnm. Dle zjitn maximlnho zaten kol podvozku pi provoznch zatench stroje. Zjitn hodnoty zaten jsou pouity pro nvrh dvoukolho hnanho vahadla a jeho hlavnch soust. Soust prce je tak konenoprvkov pevnostn analza navrenho vahadla a projekn vkres. Diplomov prce byla zpracovna ve spoluprci s firmou NOEN a. s.
KLOV SLOVA Kolejov podvozek, skldkov stroj, vahadlo, vahadlov podvozek, dvoustop podvozek, pevnostn analza, metoda konench prvk.
ABSTRACT
This diploma thesis deals with rail undercarriage of stacker/reclaimer used in thermal power plants. The paper focuses on a conceptual framework of two-track bogie rail undercarriage and on a calculation of maximal load of undercarriage wheels within operational processes. The results are used for a design of two-wheel driven bogie and its main parts. The next part of the thesis presents finite element method analysis of a designed bogie along with a projection drawing. The diploma thesis was elaborated in cooperation with a company NOEN a. s.
KEYWORDS Rail undercarriage, stacker/reclaimer, bogie, bogie undercarriage, two-track undercarriage, strength analysis, finite element method.
BRNO 2013
BIBLIOGRAFICK CITACE
BIBLIOGRAFICK CITACE
SCHSSEL, J. Podvozek skldkovho stroje. Brno: Vysok uen technick v Brn, Fakulta strojnho inenrstv, 2013. 105 s. Vedouc diplomov prce Ing. Pemysl Pokorn, Ph.D.
BRNO 2013
ESTN PROHLEN
ESTN PROHLEN
Prohlauji, e tato prce je mm pvodnm dlem, zpracoval jsem ji samostatn pod vedenm Ing. Pemysla Pokornho, Ph.D. a s pouitm literatury uveden v seznamu.
V Brn dne 24. kvtna 2013 .....
Ji Schssel
BRNO 2013
PODKOVN
PODKOVN
Tmto bych chtl podkovat mmu vedoucmu prce, panu Ing. Pemyslu Pokornmu, Ph.D. za odbornou pomoc a cenn rady pi zpracovn diplomov prce a panu Ing. Jakubu Krsovi Ph.D. z fy NOEN a. s. za poskytnut podklady a informace. V neposledn ad bych chtl podkovat rodin za podporu pi studiu.
BRNO 2013
8
OBSAH
OBSAH
vod ......................................................................................................................................... 11
1 Cle prce .......................................................................................................................... 12
2 Podvozky dobvacch a zakldacch stroj ...................................................................... 13
2.1 Rozdlen podvozk .................................................................................................. 13
2.2 Kolejov podvozky .................................................................................................... 13
2.2.1 Systmy uloen kolejovch podvozk .............................................................. 14
2.2.2 Konstrukce kolejovch podvozk ...................................................................... 17
3 Nvrh konstruknho uspodn podvozku ..................................................................... 23
3.1 Zatovac stavy ........................................................................................................ 23
3.1.1 Zaten vlastn thou - E .................................................................................... 25
3.1.2 Zaten dopravovanm materilem - F ............................................................. 25
3.1.3 Zneitn materilem - V .................................................................................. 26
3.1.4 Materil v kolese - G .......................................................................................... 26
3.1.5 Obvodov rypn sla - U ..................................................................................... 27
3.1.6 Bon rypn sla - S ............................................................................................ 27
3.1.7 Vtr za provozu - W ............................................................................................ 28
3.1.8 Mimodn obvodov rypn sla - UU ............................................................... 29
3.1.9 Mimodn bon rypn sla SS....................................................................... 30
3.1.10 Bon nraz - LL ................................................................................................. 30
3.1.11 Provozn dynamick inky - DD ...................................................................... 31
3.1.12 Zval svodek - VV .............................................................................................. 33
3.1.13 Podepen rpacho orgnu - AA ........................................................................ 33
3.1.14 Zval materilem - FF ........................................................................................ 33
3.1.15 Nraz na nraznky - BE ..................................................................................... 34
3.1.16 Vtr mimo provoz - WW .................................................................................... 36
3.1.17 Blokovn pojezdovho kola - RR ..................................................................... 37
3.2 Koncepn nvrh podvozku ....................................................................................... 39
3.2.1 Stanoven celkovho potu kol ........................................................................... 39
3.2.2 Stanoven potu pohnnch kol ........................................................................ 39
3.2.3 Nvrh kulov drhy ............................................................................................ 43
3.2.4 Nvrh rozchodu kolejnic a vky kulov drhy ................................................. 45
3.2.5 Oven stability stroje ....................................................................................... 46
4 Stanoven maximlnho zaten kol podvozku ................................................................ 53
4.1 Vpotov model ....................................................................................................... 53
4.1.1 Nahrazen jednotlivch konstruknch prvk ..................................................... 53
BRNO 2013
9
OBSAH
4.2 Kombinace zatovacch stav .................................................................................. 55
4.3 Vsledky vpotu zaten kol ................................................................................... 57
4.3.1 Maximln sla Fz ................................................................................................ 58
4.3.2 Maximln sla Fy ............................................................................................... 58
4.3.3 Maximln sla Fx ............................................................................................... 59
4.3.4 Celkov maximln namhn vahadla ............................................................... 59
5 Vpoet maximlnho kontaktnho tlaku mezi kolem a kolejnic .................................... 60
5.1 Ekvivalentn zaten kola .......................................................................................... 60
5.2 Maximln kontaktn tlak ........................................................................................... 60
5.3 Dovolen kontaktn tlak ............................................................................................. 61
6 Nvrh dvoukolho hnanho vahadla ................................................................................ 62
6.1 Nvrh pohonu ............................................................................................................ 62
6.1.1 Vkon motoru ..................................................................................................... 62
6.1.2 Poadovan otky ............................................................................................. 62
6.1.3 Volba motoru a pevodovky ............................................................................... 63
6.1.4 Kontrola rozbhovho momentu ........................................................................ 63
6.1.5 Kontrola tan sly motor vzhledem k adhezn tze stroje ............................... 65
6.1.6 Vpoet brzdy .................................................................................................... 66
6.2 Nvrh hdele kol ....................................................................................................... 67
6.2.1 Vpoet reakc v podporch ............................................................................... 68
6.2.2 Vsledn vnitn inky ..................................................................................... 70
6.2.3 Vpoet minimlnho prmru hdele mezi loisky ......................................... 71
6.2.4 Volba a vpoet tsnch per ............................................................................... 73
6.3 Nvrh a vpoet loisek kol ............................................................................