L

WEEK ENDING NOVEMBER 11, 1377 UNIVER

P A R E N T S' Norr is

The Associat ion f o r Black Drama and t h e A r t s , i n conjuzlction w i th La Uni- dad Lat ina and t h e Baick Students ' Union, sponsored a Pa ren t s ' Weekend cock- t a i l hour-dinner-coffeehouse on Saturday evening, October 29, 1977. Supply- ing jazz music f o r t h e a f f a i r was t h e group "Good and Plenl-y", a l o c a l group from t h e U of R and t h e Rochester community.

Mis t r e s s and Master of Ceremonies For t h e Coffeehovse were Linda Calhoun and A 1 Newell. S t a r t i n g o f f t h e enter ta inment w a s t h e LLu Sigma chapter of Alpha Phi Alpha f r a t e r n i t y performing one of t h e i r s t o m ~ s . Rose "voice" Holmes, one of t h e b e t t e r t a l e n t s on campus, captured t h e audience and brought t h e roof down as she sang "Summertime," "Home," and "Feelings". Not t o be outdone, Dar ry l Turner and Leonard Jones sang "Let ?Be Love You" and "The Greatest ' ' r e spec t ive ly . Moving l i t e r a r y readings were de l ive red by Vanessa Johnson, Brenda Norr i s , Brian Roseboro, and Barry Booker; e n t e r t a i n i n g songs were performed by Raxymond Ol iver , Diana Har r i s , Kathy Waller, Laverne Woods, J e f f Gardere,and Yolanda Garel. I'he band, whose members w e r e Ronnie Dorsey,

, Sylves te r Holmes, Lewis Puryear and Warrior Richardson d i d a b e a u t i f u l ren-

over

d i t i o n of " M r . Magic" a s Richardson d i s p l a y e d h i s mastery of t h e saxophone. He again d i sp layed h i s t a l e n t ir, t h e song "You Make M e F e e l Brand New." Freder ick J e f f e r s o n , D i r e c t o r of t h e Department of S p e c i a l S tuden t S e r v i c e s , Andre Cooper, and S y l v e s t e r Holmes showed s u p e r i o r t a l e n t i n p l a y i n g t h e piano. L

I n o t h e r words, t h e show was an e n j o y a b l e one t h a t everyone should have ex- - perienced. Following was a d i s c o w i t h music supp l ied by Fau l Watford. On Sunday morning, October 30, s e r v i c e s were he ld i n Gates Lounge. Rev. ' 1

Derek C. King, a s t u d e n t a t Colga t s U n i v e r s i t y and t h e nephew of t h e l a t e D r . Martin Ldtller King, Jr . , rendered an i n s p i r i n g and dynaniic s e r v i c e , as t h e U of R Gospel Choir , d i r e c t e d by Alvin P a r r i s , supp l ied t h e music.

ABDA wishes t o thank t h e Department of S p e c i a l S tuden t S e r v i c e s , P a u l Watford, Sharon Brown, Karen Larson, 'and most of a l l Jerome Johnson, coordina- t o r oC t h e a f f a i r .

Br ian Roseboro, Rose Holmes, and Barry Booker

A 1 Newell, Master of Ceremonies

Dar ry l Turner s i n g i n g "Let M e Love You"

BLACK ENROLLMENT DOWN !! -

A t a time when s p e c i a l co l l ege admissions yrograas f o r m i n o r i t i e s a r e much i n t h e l ime l igh t , a new study shows t h e percentage of black undergraduates f e l l almost a f u l l po in t from 1972 t o 1976.

The da t a , compiled by t h e National Association of S t a t e U n i v e r s i t i e s and Land-Grant Colleges, shows blacks comprising 8.4 percent of t h e c o l l e g e undergraduate populat ion i n 1972 and only 7.3 percent i n 1976. Blaclc en- rol lment i n graduate and p ro fe s s iona l schools , on t h e o the r hand, remained r e l a t i v e l y cons tan t , hovering around 4.9 percent , according t o t h e NASULGC study.

Overal l , t h e percentage of minori ty s tuden t s a t s t a t e and land-grant co l - l eges r o s e from 11 percent i n 1972 t o 15.2 percent i n 1975, t h e s tudy says. Moreover, fu l l - t ime monority enrollment jumped by 16.8 percent from 1974 t o 1976 a t NASULGC schools , while t o t a l ful l - t ime enrollment grew only 6.3 per- cent . * *Excerpted from Equal Opportunity i n Higher Education.

I . The following i s a l e t t e r received from t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l Union of Operating Engineers t o t h e s tuden t s , f a c u l t y , and s t a f f of t h e Univers i ty of Rochester.

"Thie l e t t e r i s t o inform you t h a t s i n c e June of 1977, w e have been ne- g o t i a t i n g with the adminis t ra t ion of t h e Universi ty of Rochester, op behalf of approximately one hundred twenty employed i n t h e s k i l l e d t r a d e s , hea t ing p l an t and grounds department.

The Univers i ty cont inues t o delay and s t a l l on t h e most b a s i c of i s s u e s t h a t we a r e at tempting t o g e t i n t o our Col lec t ive Bargaining Agreement on wages and bene f i t s . The Univers i ty proposes t h e s t a t u s quo. W e cannot ac- cep t t h i s philosophy i n l i g h t of t h e increas ing cos t of l i v i n g .

I n t h e a r e a of b e n e f i t s t h e adminis t ra t ion is proposing a decrease i n pension and no improvements i n h e a l t h care .

It i s not our i n t e n t t o inconvenience you o r any o the r persons a t t h e Universi ty , b u t w e cannot be p a t i e n t much longer."

Sincerely,

Local 71-71A, Negotiating Committee

ABDA has plans t o prypare a Black l i t e r a r y magazine of poetry, prose, photography, e t c . Students i n t e r - es ted i n submitting o r i g i n a l work should c a l l She i la a t x6108 a s soon a s possible. This magazine w i l l give asp i r ing w r i t e r s an cpportuni- t y t o gain experience through expo- sure.

D r ., Allan A. Boesak, wh.0 has been ca l led " the a r . t i cu la te new theo- l og ica l vo ice f o r t h e Black people of South Africa", i s expected t o v i s i t - t h e University o f Rochester . on November 21 t o c o n d u c ~ a seminar a t 10: 30 a.m. i n - the S tacke l Room of Wilson Commons. .Dr . ~ > e s a k is widely known both in- Europe and i n t h e -Unit.ed.Sta.tesi H i s . r ecent book, Farewell t o Innocence, and n-mcrous a r t i c l e s have appeared i n p r i n t i n Dutch, German',. and Engllsh. This

I v i s i t is being sponsored by the I n t e r f a i t h . Chapel. -

ABC's Executive Direc tor , James McCuller, w i l l s e rve a s a f a c u l t y mem-. ber a t a two-night meeting on Tuesday and Wednesday, November 29 and-30-from 8:00 t o 9:30 p.m. a t t h e Holiday Inn Downtown, Rochester. The t i t l e of h i s d i scuss ion program is. "Caring about People while Caring f o r People: 'De- veloping Cu l tu ra l S e n s i t i v i t i e s . " This s e s s ion is included among seve ra l o t h e r s being presented by t h e New York S t a t e Associat ion f o r Human Services , Inc. at t h e i r 78th Annual Conference.

I ~ - - x x x x x ~ x x x ~

Sarah Vaughan and I s a i a l i ' h c k s o n are g iv ing 'a' concert 'at' t h e Dome Akena, Monroe County l?air.grtonds, 'at 8:30 p.m. on November 19th. ' S.ingle t i c k e t p r i c e is $7.00 and $5.00. Groups a t 'a t ab l e a re- $5'6.. 00' o r ' $40.00' (no t inc luding d i s e ~ u ~ I t ) . . Groups of 20 br more' are e l i g i b l e f o r 10% discounts . For more d e t a i l s on- pylces ' c a l l ' t h e Rochester ~hi lhal i r ionfc o r c h e s t r a it.454-2620.

. . I . . . . . . , . . , . ' .

res u'me service D r . Simba MLee of t h e Triangle Com- The Resume Serv ice Div is ion of - The muntty Center wil l - -speak i n a-dinner- Black Collegian magazine w i l l a s s i s t 1ecture;on Thurkdap] Noirembe'r 10 a t t h e Class of 1978 i n f i n d i n g meaning- 5rQ0 pc.rn.: i n H o l l l s t e r Cbuhge. The f u l employment. The resume s e r v i c e t o p l e of -the l e c t u r e w i l l be "Student d i s t r i b u t e s resumes t o over 300 com- Involvemeat i n t he Rochester Cornmunity."panies. There is no charge t o t h e The dinner- lecture i s f r e e Eor'board s tudent o r &he company f o r t h i s ser- plan s tudents , $2.00 f o r a l l others . v ice . Students can p a r t i c i p a t e i n Sign-up shee ts a r e a v a i l a b l e i n Lat- t h e s e r v i c e by sending a copy of t h e i r timore 107. This dinner- lecture is resume t o t he se rv i ce , o r t h e s tudent presented by t h e Department of Spec ia l may order resume forms from: Student Services' Counsebr Aides Pro- The Black Collegian Magazine gram i n conjunction with t h e Black 3217 Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd., Students ' Union. New Orleans, Louisiana 70125

The Grea t e s t , My O T ~ Story-, by Muhammad A l i wi th Richard Durhaii

Ossie, The Autobiography - of a Black -. - -- - - Woman, as t o l d t o Caryl Ledner by O s s i e Fuffy. "...a book t o be g r e a t l y prized."--Christian Science Xonitor

Soiaething af Value, Robert.Buarky: Best s e l l e r about Black r e v o l t an3 wh i t e -- -- - r e t r i b u t i o n .

Not Without L a u g h J ~ , Langston Hughes: "Touches ail elnotional nerve i n every- one t h a t is a t t h e same t i n e both hear ten ing and disheartening."---Grape- v ine .

A Woman Called Moses, Xary Heidish: Novel about H a r r i e t Tubirkan, a legendary woman who escaped from s l ave ry and led o t h e r s t o freedom.

Dutchman and The Slavz: Two p lays by Leroi Jones 1- A l l books a r e a v a i l a b l e a t Barnes and Noble Bookstores

I l A North Carol ina supe r io r cou r t judge and t h e S t a t e ' s a t t o r n e y g e n e r a l

a r e charged wi th improper conduct i n appeals f i l e d i n S t a t e and Federa l c o u r t s i n Raleigh, N.C., October 31 t o f r e e t h e Wilmington Ten, n ine b lack young nen and a woman imprisoned f o r long terms f o r a l leged p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n r a c i a l d i s - o rde r s i n Wilmington, N.C. i n 1971.

Superior cou r t judge George Fountain and North Carol ina a s s i s t a n t a t t o r - ney genera l Richard League a r e charged with having worked out Judge Fountd in ' s Order i n a post--conviction hear ing f o r t h e Ten without n o t i f y i n g t h e defense lawyers, an a l l eged v i o l a t i o n of t h e North Carolina Code of P ro fe s s iona l Ke- s p o n s i b i l i t y and of a North Carol ina s t a t u t e . I n h i s Order, Judge Fountain denied the Teil a new t r i a l aLCter hear ing evidence t h e t t h e main wPtness a- g a i n s t them had l i e d i n t h e i r 1972 t r i a l .

The a l l e e e d improper j u d i c i a l conduct is being challenged i n t h e North Carolina Court of Appeals and i n a habeas corpus proceeding i n Federal D i s - t r ic t Court vh ich charges t h a t Judge Fountain and Plr. League v i o l a t e d t h e Federal Cons t i t u t i ona l r i g h t s of t h e defendants. The S t a t e Court of Appeals is a l s o being asked t o over turn Judge Fountain 's dec i s ion on t h e b a s i s of t h e e v i d e y e and e r r o r s h e a l l e g e d l y made i n conducting t h e post-convict ion hear- ings. Excerpted from Communicade, November 5 - 18, 1977

"Men of Bronze", a documentary a- , . The Rochester Black Uni ted Fund, bout a Chiibat i & g b d h t " of .B1BckW' . . ' (RBUF)', is.' a ' " ~ l a c k controll,ed,: fund- Ametican.ii01di'ers who served under r a i s i n g o r g a n i z a t i o n char tered ' : a s ' s non t l i e ,Four th French Army i n t h e F i r s t p r o f ti5 c o r p o r a t i o n 'by ' t h e - S t a t e o f ' New World War, w i l l a i r over PBS, WiljiI- York. A new v e h i c l e f o r p o s i t i v e and TJ, Channel 21, on November 19 a t p r o d u c t i v e development w i t h i n t h e Black 4:00 p.m. i n l ~ o c h e s t e r . community, t h e Fund h a s a p p l i e d t o t h e

Formed i n 1916 as a "colored I n t e r n a l Revenue S e r v i c e f o r tax-exempt regiment of i n f a n t r y " of t h e New s t a t u s , s o t h a t a l l c o n t r i b u t i o n s made York S t a t e Na t iona l Guard, t h e u n i t t o i t w i l l be tax-deduct ible . was coraposed o f e l e v a t o r boys, por- The Fund r a i s e s money and develops t e r s , w a i t e r s and s o c i e t y j azz mu- t h e human r e s o u r c e s i n t h e Black com- s i c i a n s . The o f f i c e r s , bo th b lack munity f o r c h a r i t a b l e purposes i n a sys. and whi te , came fro111 , t h e e l i t e so- t e m a t i c and organized f a s h i o n , and d i s - c i a 1 c l u b s of Haivard and Manhattan t r i b u t e s t h e s e funds and r e s o u r c e s ac- and from t h e educated b l a c k middle cord ing t o t h e w i l l o f t h e Black com- c l a s s of t h e i n d u s t r i a l i z e d urban munity . North. RBUP is opera ted by a Board of D i -

Their s t o r y is cold through t h e r e c t o r s e l e c t e d t o s t a g g e r e d terms of use of rare s t i l l photographs and o f f i c e . E l e c t i o n s are h e l d annua l ly . r ~ ~ o , t i o n p i c t u r e f i l m from t h e na t ion- The Fund is committed t o a p o l i c y of a l a r c h i v e s of France and t h e United i n v o l v i n g t h e Black community i n i t s S t a t e s , interwoven wi th on-camera work and d e c i s i o n s . i n t e r v i e w s w i t h v e t e r a n s of t h e 369th Regiment. -

8tzcdy aessisns Need h e l p i n Ecc. mics, S t a t i s t i c s , Mathematics, o r Chemistry? Work w i t h Graduate S tuden ts and f e l l o w undergraduates a t Study s e s s i o n s sponsored by t h e Counselor Aides Program of t h e Department of S p e c i a l S tuden t S e r v i c e s .

Sess ions are h e l d Monday through Thursday from 7:00 p.m. t o 9:00 p.m. i n Lat t imore 107.

I Fionday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

Math Chemistry Math Chemistry S t a t i s t i c s S t a t i s t i c s

Ecollomics

Col lege Dividends Is e col lege education worth a l l t h e t rcnble end expense? Economist

Howard R. Bowen, former pres ident of t h e University of I o t ~ a , has. E2ent .the.. 'past t h ree );ears analyzing a l l a v a i l a b l e research on t h e e f f e c t s o f . h i g h e r ed~lca t ion . H i s sumnary of t h e f ind ings , "Ir~vzs tmcn's ic Lrarsing, '' w z s pub-

' l i shed last week, and a ~ o u n t s , ir! Bowen's t ~ o r d s , to "an ov-- owhelming case f o r college". Anong h i s observa t icns :

*A person who chose t o bny s t ccbs and bonds xit21 ';he xonzy needed 'io cover co l l ege expenses would g e t on ly a 5 t o 8 percent r e t u r n on the inves t - l ~ e n t . Ihney invested i n co l lege ins tead could '--.- , ~ b g a r e t u r n of 9 t o 14 percent i n increased income alone.

*I?ine o u t of t en co l l ege graduates r epo r t thac they enjoy t h e i r jobs, com- pared ~ i t h only 78 percent of t hcse ~ r i t i l Less education.

*Nearly h a l f of all co l l ege grads have taken adul t-educat ian courses re- cent ly ; fewer than one i n f i v e non-graduates have done so.

Bowen i s most impressed with t h e e f f e c t s of higl,ler e9ucation on faiilily l i f e . H e r e p o r t s t h a t co l l ege graduates have smaller , s t ronger and h e a l t h i e r f ami l i e s than those with l e s s schooling. kr!lat gaps dTd Boven f i n d i n t h e re- search? Strangely enough, he r e p o r t s , :lo one has made much e f f o r t t o s tudy juse w h a t graduates learned ~ ~ l h i l e they were i n co l lege .

Prom Newsweek magazine, week of October '1, 1977

Recipe Corner CHEF'S SALAD

Rub t h e i n s i d e of a sa l ad bowl with a clove of g a r l i c , and then t o s s l e t t u c e o r o the r s a l ad greens, such as spinach, watercress and pa r s l ey with a dash of s a l t , a dash of pe7per and slic.?d rad ishes . Arrange a cup of chicken or turkey, c u t up ham and cheese (swiss o r cheddar) over t h e greens. Top sa lad wi th th ree s l i c e d hard-.boiled eggs. Serve with mayonnaise o r o t h e r sa lad drzssing. This s a l ad may a l s o be gar- nished with garden-ripened tomatoes and cucumbers.

Ii2turnr~tion&/ Scene I n d i a : Less than a y e a r a f t e r l o s i n g a g e n e r a l e l e c t i o n , former I n d i a n Prime -- E i n i s t e r I n d i r a Gandhi h a s embarked on an e n e r g e t i c p o l i t i c a l comeback cam- ~ a i g n , defending h e r eleven-year r u l e , j u s t i f y i n g h e r a u t h o r i t a r i a n "state of

'

emergency" and a t t a c k i n g h e r s u c c e s s o r s a s weak and i n e f f e c t u a l . I n a swing through sou thern I n d i a l a s t week, Mrs. Gandhi found thousands f o s u p p o r t e r s , w a i t i n g t o g r e e t her--but h e r opponents were even more v o c a l , and t h e demon- s t r a t i o n s a g a i n s t h e r r e p e a t e d l y e rup ted i n t o v io lence .

United Nat ions: The d e b a t e over whether t h e U.S. should r e s i g n t h e I n t e r n a - t i o n a l Labor Organ iza t ion h a s gone on f o r two y e a r s and d iv ided two Adminis- t r a t i o n s i n t h e p rocess . The I L O used t o b e a venerab le arm of t h e Uni ted Nations ( i t won t h e Nobel Peace P r i z e i n 1969) , b u t has s i n c e evolved i n t o a n anti-American p la t fo rm f o r Soviet -bloc and Third World n a t i o n s . F i n a l l y , l a s t week, Jimmy C a r t e r ended t h e d i s c u s s i o n by withdrawing t h e U.S. from t h e 135- n a t i o n body e s t a b l i s h e d 58 y e a r s ago t o champion worldwide f a i r l a b o r s t a n d a r d s , Ti le pul.lout was t h e f i r s t by t h e U.S. from a U.N. o r g a n i z a t i o n , and some S t a t e Department o f f i c i a l s complained t h a t t h e p r e s i d e n t ' s d e c i s i o n had been d i c - t a t e d by domestic p o l i t i c s .

P a r i s : Quebec's Premier Rene Levesque toured P a r i s last week w i t h a l l t h e honor normally accorded a Head ofl S t a t e . Ten y e a r s a f t e r Char les d e G a u l l e shouted "Vive l e Quebec l ib re !" dur ing a s t a t e v i s i t t o Montreal , Levesque and h i s French h o s t s added momentum t o t h e p r e m i e r ' s wide-ranging campaign t o t u r n the drzallt of a f r e e Quevec i n t o p o l i t i c a l r e a l i t y . f i e sp i t e t h e r o u s i n g recep- t i o n f o r Levesque, h i s French h o s t s took p a i n s t o avoid s t a t e m e n t s t h a t would antagonize t h e government of Canadian Prime M i n i s t e r P i e r r e E l l i o t t Trudeau i n Ottawa. P a r t l y because of complaints from Trudeau, Levesque was den ied t h e p r i v i l e g e of fo rmal ly address ing t h e French Par l i ament , and g o t no f i r m as- surances f o s p e c i a l a i d f o r Quebec's growing economic problems--including in-

I f l a t i o n , unemployment and t h e f l i g h t o f f o r e i g n bus inesses .

Linda Calhoun and Maria A r i a s a r e i n t h e p rocess of p u t t i n g toge ther a dance group f o r t h e T a l e n t Show planned f o r February 24, 1978. They would l i k e as many women a s possible ' l t o j o i n t h e group, s o i f you l i k e t o dance, c a l l Maria a t x6102, o r Linda a t 442-1249.

Linda Calhoun is t r y i n g t o form a women's I n t r a m u r a l B a s k e t b a l l team f o r n e x t semes te r . Since t h e d e a d l i n e f o r sub- m i t t i n g t h e names of t h e team members i s coming up, s h e would l i k e a l l i n t e r e s t e d 1

women t o g e t i n touch w i t h h e r as soon as p o s s i b l e . You can c a l l h e r a t 442- 1249, o r l e a v e a message a t x2864.

A reminder f o r a l l you women ou t there. You a r e co rd ra l ly i n v i t e d

- t o a t t end a Zeta Ph i Beta Soror i ty - "Rush" on Sunday, November 1 3 a t 3:00 p.m. in H o l l i s t e r Lounge. I f you are plannihg ' t o a t t h d , . c a l l Debbie Scdtt: a t x2864'or' 'stop by Lattimbre 107.' ' '

, < I - . -

Qra pevine I

Another reminder : t h e "Grapevine" w i l l be d i s t r i b u t e d each Thursday to- . . , t h e foll'owirig locations:"'

, : -- ~e1enwoo.d' ~ a l l . ' ' . , . . I . . . Go'ler llouse ' " ' .. . . : . Menst 'nining' Center

% . . I : , . . ' - ' Gradbdte ~ ~ v i i g . cent&

. . Danf o r t h Dining H a l l Campus Pos t Off ice

1 Bboig I j t I B p b s ' t e r ~ i l s o n Commons Inf ormation Desk

~ e ~ t . of s p e c i a l Student s e r v i c e s I - . '

joins' cam'pue' L i f e . . 3 . - . ,

Dwight Webster, a.1976. graduate of Howard Un;iuersity,with. a B.S.:irnMathema- t i c s , , a n 6 . a second year. student. a t Colgate-Rochester Div in i ty . .Scho.ol/Bexley ~ a i l / ~ ~ o z e r 9 e n l p g i F a l seminar.^, is present ly working i n t h e Of f i ce of spec i a i S tuclpt . Services oq.,Fr;iday af ternoons,: f row. 3 : QO to: .6:OO. p .xu.-. a s . p a r t of h i s . ... f i e l d , -?ducation p l a c k e n t . , . . , . . Rev. Webster i s , working, w i t h . thks o f f i c e a s a resource p+rson to. qhare. h i s own experiences. wi th s tudents . . and. a l s o . t o o f f e r a l t e r n a t e soyrceg of, information for , , those w h ~ need., i t . : Rev. Webstor was born i n Phi lade lphia and r a i sed i n Washington,. D. C .:, . H i s - i n t e r e s t s in- c lude math, which he t u t o r s i n t h e Rochester communlty,.and music..,- He.has been, a member of v a r i ~ u s . chora l groups throughout h i s co l l ege ca ree r , and is' p re sen t ly a f f i l i a t e d wi th the Universi ty of Roches t e r ' s Gospel. Choir,. a s wel l a s BSU and ABDA. Rev. Webster is a l s o a s tudent min i s t e r a t Aenon Bap- tist Church i n Rochester.

Carnegie-Mellon Universi ty , under t h e d i r e c t i o n of the Carnegie-Xellon Action P ro jec t (C-MAP), t he u n i v e r s i t y ' s educa t iona l support for .n~ino;z i ty s t u d e c t s ,

i3 is seeking candidates f o r graduate s tudy i n Buil.Ging Stxdies , BusJ-ness Ad;- min i s t r a t i on , Engineering, Humanities and the.lSqgia1 Sciences, Publ ic Ad.sr:in- i s t r a t i o n , and S t a t i s t i c s . A n undergraduate degree. i n fhese spec i f i c , . a r eas i s not required. For f u r t h e r in format ion ,contac t : . . I . . . . . 1 1 : '

- ,. . . _ : , . . . . . : I '

Gwendolyn G. Langford, Di rec tor . . , . . .. . . .. . , . . Minority Graduate Student Recruitment , . , . , . . .

Carnegie-Mellon Act ion Pro j e c t . , . , , , . , , ,.,, . , . : , . .

Schenley Park ,, . . , , , . . I ; ; ,, Pi t t sburgh , Pennsylvania 15213 , :;, . I s . . . , + . ' . . i ..

US. T A k E S ACTION AGAINST SOUTH

I n r e s p o n s e t o t h e a c t i o n s d u r i n g t h e ' n i g h t o f t h e l o n g k n i v e s ' i n c i d e n t i n S o u t h A f r i c a , t h e C a r t e r A d m i n i s t r a t i o n h a s d e c i d e d t o s u p p o r t a m a n d a t o r y U n i t e d N a t i o n s embargo on a l l s a l e s oE a rms and m i l i t a r y eq11i.n-

ment t o S o u t h A f r i c a . I t was t h e mos t p r o n o u n c e d s t e p t h e U . S . h a s t a k e n a g a i n s t S o u t h A f r i c a . D e f e n s e Min- i s t e r P i e t e r B o t h a r d e n o u n c e d t h i s a c t i o n a s "Amer i can a g g r e s s i o n " a n d a d d e d : "What y o u r c o u n t r y n e e d s mos t i s a man a t t h e h e l m who ?.news some n ~ y c h o l o q v . ~ ' P r i m e M i n i s t e r J o h n V o r s t e r warned t h a t t h e U,S . was " l o o k i n g f o r t r o u b l e " .

The a c t i o n , t h o u g h , i s a c a u t i o u s o n e b e c a u s e Car - t e r d o e s n ' t w a n t t o a l i e n - a t e c e r t a i n W e s t e r n a l l i e s and h e w a n t s t o k e e p t h e s u p p o r t o f B l a c k A f r i c a n n a t i o n s who f a v o r more s t r i n g e n t m e t h o d s . C a r t e r s a y s t h e p r e s e n t move w i l l b e s u f f i c i e n t b u t a d d e d t h a t a d d i t i o n a l s t e p s " m i g h t b e t a k e n " . I t i s n o t a n t i - c i p a t e d t h a r much h e l p w i l l come f rom L ~ n d - o n b e c a u s e t h e y do $5 b i l l o n w o r t h o f t r a d e w i t h P r e t o r i a a n n u a l l y . M o s t l y a l l o f t h e o t h e r

AFRICA !

n a t i o n s s u p p o r t t h e e m b a r g o a s

I t i s n o t e x p e c t e d t h a t t h e embargo w i l l h a v e a n y e f f e c t on S o u t h A f r i c a ' s d e f e n s e ' and i s s e e n a s b e i n g a sym- - b o l i c h a n d - s l a p p i n g . S o u t h A f r i c a p r o d u c e s 7 5 % o f i t s own d e f e n s e e q u i p m e n t a n d h a s t h e c a p a b i l i t y t o p r o - d u c e t h e r e m a i n i n g 2 5 % t h a t i t c u r r e n t l y i m p o r t s . A S t a t e D e p a r t m e n t s p o k e s m a n s a i d ; "Any s y s t e m t h e W h i t e S o u t h A f r i c a n s e v o l v e , e v e n if i t i s m o r e e q u i t a b l e t h a n wha t w e ' v e s e e n s o f a r , i s g o i n g t o g i v e u s p r o b l e m s . "

What A m e r i c a ' s p r a c t i c a l a b i l i t y i s i n d e a l i n g ' w i t h S o u t h A f r i c a ' s s i t u a t i o n i s s t i l l n o t u n d e r s t o o d , i n p o l i c y , by t h e C a r t e r A d m i n i s t r a t i o n .

ShirZy I # Chisholm pedks d t Ux It is a neces s i t y f o r women t o becone much more involved i n t h e p o l i t i -

c a l arena", s t r e s s e d Representa t ive Sh i r l ey Chisholm i n he r t a l k on Women i n P o l i t i c s . Nore than 100 people turned ou t f o r t h e t a l k on Novenber 7 a t 9:00 p.m. i n t h e lower l e v e l of t h e I n t e r f a i t h Chapel.

- s H e r speech, s i m i l a r t o t h e cons t ruc t ion of an inver ted pyrarnld, was roo t -

ed wi th a s p e c i f i c message and extended i n t o t h e more general . Representa t ive Chisholm spoke on t h e i n f e r i ~ r r o l e i n p o l i t i c s t h a t women a r e expected t o fo l - low. "Women p o l i t i c i a n s d e s i r e t o be heard, and not 1j.mi.ted t o a c t i o n s o r i g i - na t i ng from male p o l i t i c i a n s , " she s a id . I

Representa t ive Chisholm was once t h e backbone f o r inany male po1it'iciar.s i n New York S t a t e . She was a speech w r i t e r , an organizer , and a campaigner o the r s u n t i l s h e r e a l i z e d t h a t what she had been doing f o r o t h e r s she could do f o r h e r s e l f . A t t h i s po in t Mrs. Chisholm s a i d t o h e r s e l f , "nobody's going t o u s e my t a l e n t s and a t t r i b u t e s any more and not give m e t h e oppor tun i ty t o lead!" Taking t h i s a t t i t u d e , she r an f o r o f f i c e and became what she c a l l s a c a t a l y s t f o r change i n America.

"Women r e a l l y do n o t d e s i r e t o be a s aggressive a s men, bu t in orde r t o be succes s fu l i n a male o r i en t ed s o c i e t y they do have t o be aggressive." " I E you g o t i t , use i t , a s long a s you ' re going t o use i t cons t ruc t ive ly i n help-

I t ing humankind" s h e added.

Chisholm quoted t h e Gerrran philosopher Nietzche t o i l l u s t r a t e t h e h l s - t o r i c a l view of women. "When a woman is inc l ined t o l ea rn ing , I' s h e s a i d , " there is something wrong wi th he r sexual apparatus." She t r i e d t o show t h a t conventionalism and t r a d i t i o n s have led s o c i e t y t o s ee women i n ptiblic l i f e a s scnething demeaning o r l e s s feminine.

I I Conventionalism and t r a d i t i o n s a r e no longer t h e answers t o t h e probleus we're grappl ing with," s a i d Chisholm. "The world changes on ly by a few people who dare." I n add i t i on t o women being discr iminated aga ins t , Chisholm added, t h a t a l l m i n o r i t i e s a r e d i sc r imina ted aga ins t too. " b y kind of d i s c r imina t ion based on s e x and/or r a c e is anti-human. We c a n ' t go around knocking people down because of race , r e l i g i o n o r sexua l o r i e n t a t i o n . Whether homosexual, l e sb i an , s t r a i g h t , narrow, f a t o r skinny, you ' re a human being; you have f ee l - ings; you have pr ide . I f you don ' t l i k e t o b e around them [homosexuals] be- cause t h e y ' r e d i s tu rb ing o r per turb ing t o you--vanish! We have t o g e t away from lowering our s tandards f o r o the r people. Society i s composed of a l l k inds of people; t o each h i s own,"

When asked her opinion on the Bakke case , Representa t ive Chisholm respon- ded i n saying, "It is so i n t e r e s t i n g t h a t everything we t a l k about nowadays has a t i nge of discr iminat ion. In a sense , we d i sc r imina te a g a i n s t b l acks , aga insf Hispanl.cs, aga ins t homosexuals, we d i sc r imina te a g a i n s t every th ing except white males. This democracy i s so i n t e r e s t i n g . Every group has t o f i g h t t o - g e t t h e i r r i g h t s ; but f o r the f i r s t t ime t h e whi te male is being d i sc r imina ted - aga ins t , t h a t ' s why the re i s so much d issens ion and resentment behind the Bakke case. For t h e , f i r s t time the dominant f o r c e s i n h i s t o r y a r e running, white males f e e l threatened by the Bakke case.

When confronted with what her views were concerning t h e Supreme 'court abor t ion ru l ing , Chisholm sa id , "Like t h e Bakke case t h e i s s u e of abo r t ion is a very cont rovers ia l and emotiona1,issue." She went on t o answer t h e ques t ion threefo ld :

(1) America is not y e t a theocracy, i f people want t o be an t i - abo r t ion because of bas ic r e l i g i o u s t ene t s , they have a r i g h t t o t h a t f e e l i n g , b u t don ' t impose i t on o ther people.

( 2 ) More abor t ions a r e performed on middle c l a s s and upper women than on poor women, but they a r e n o t s t a t i s t i c s because they have t h e money t o do i t i n a fash ion t h a t does not come to pub l i c a t t e n t i o n .

( 3 ) Contradictory t o t h e i r t h e i r b e l i e f s , abo r t ion rates i n Cathol ic count r ies : Braz i l and Argentina for example, where p r i e s t s and popes condone abor t ions, the r a t e i s increas ing year a f t e r year .

Representat ive Chisholm concluded by saying "As long as t h e r e is Western c i v i l i z a t i o n as w e have known it, you ' re never going t o be a b l e t o s t o p abor- t i ons . Women a r e making determinat ions f o r themselves. I n d i v i d u a l s should look only t o t h e i r God, whoever t h e i r God is, and t o t h e i r conscience."

Debra Washington