Water Cycle & WeatherChapter 6

L1 Where is Earth’s water?Earth – The water planet– People use water to travel– ¾ of surface is covered by water– It provides a home & food– 3 states of water

• Solid (frozen)• Liquid (melted)• Gas (invisible water vapor)

Atlantic & Pacific Oceans

Arctic & Indian

Southern Ocean

< 1%

• Oceans • Seas

97%

• Lakes • Rivers

“Water, water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink”

Salt Water Fresh Water

Salt v. Fresh• Most of the fresh

water is frozen in the polar ice caps and glaciers

• You cannot drink salt water

• It has dissolved solids in it– Salt from rocks &

soil– Rivers carry salt to

the ocean– We use ocean salt

on food

Water table

Saltiness

MORE• Warm places where water

evaporates quickly allows more salt to be quickly left behind (salt does not evaporate)

• Red Sea is very salty because there are deserts on three sides

• Most of Earth’s water is salty ocean water

LESS• Ocean water is less salty

near the North and South Poles where the water evaporates less quickly

• Fresh water is found in glaciers and ice caps but it is not safe to drink

• Safe fresh water is found underground or in lakes, rivers, and streams

L2 Water Cycle• Water is recycled• No new water is created• Water is cleaned through the water cycle• Water is always moving– The movement is called the water cycle

Water Cycle

The Water Cycle

• Evaporation – process of changing liquid water to water vapor when it is heated

• Condensation – process of water vapor becoming liquid water when it cools

• Precipitation - any form of water that falls to Earth

• Storage (collection) – water from precipitation sinks into soil, or it falls, flows, or seeps into the ocean

Sun’s Energy = powers the water cycle

Earth’s Atmosphere

• The protective blanket that surrounds Earth

• It has mass and takes up space

• Is a mixture of gases• The layer closest to us

has water vapor• Gravity pulls the mass

of air to the surface

Cumulus Clouds

• Thick clouds, white, & puffy, like piles of cotton, they appear in fair/good weather and may reach high in the sky

Stratus Clouds

• Flat layers of clouds, that form close to Earth’s surface

Cirrus Clouds

• Feathery clouds that form high in the atmosphere when water vapor turns to tiny crystals of ice

L4 meteorologists

Ben Tanner, WIS-10• Study weather

conditions, they look at temperature, water, and air movement, data is collected automatically at weather stations

barometer

• Air pressure affects weather

• Air pressure is measured by a tool called a barometer

anemometer

• Wind affects weather• Wind speed is measured by a tool called an anemometer

Wind vane• A wind vane

shows the direction from which the wind is blowing

• The pointer points into the wind

Weather maps

• Use symbols to show fronts and weather conditions in different places