Water in Africa: Climate Water in Africa: Climate Change, Agriculture, and Change, Agriculture, and Water Use in Central Water Use in Central KenyaKenyaJonathan ChoiJonathan ChoiEliza HarkinsEliza Harkins

Central KenyaCentral Kenya

Mt. Kenya as water sourceMt. Kenya as water source

A latitude of 0 degrees, on the equator! A latitude of 0 degrees, on the equator!

Runs on tourism, agriculture, grain farming, Runs on tourism, agriculture, grain farming, and ranchingand ranching

Water SolutionsWater Solutions

According to WWF, According to WWF, deep water deep water temperatures have temperatures have risen 0.2-0.7 degrees risen 0.2-0.7 degrees C since early 1900sC since early 1900s

Map shows the Map shows the predicted increase in predicted increase in agricultural land use agricultural land use by 2050, from IFPRIby 2050, from IFPRI

Mpala Research CenterMpala Research Center

200 square km of reserve land; associated 200 square km of reserve land; associated property in the town of Nanyukiproperty in the town of Nanyuki

Students, professors, and researchers from Students, professors, and researchers from around the globearound the globe

““Mpala is strongly committed to using [its] Mpala is strongly committed to using [its] research to benefit the surrounding research to benefit the surrounding communities, the nation of Kenya, and global communities, the nation of Kenya, and global conservation efforts as a whole.”conservation efforts as a whole.”

Part 1: Soil RespirationPart 1: Soil RespirationJonathan ChoiJonathan Choi

Results: GrazingResults: Grazing

Results: BurningResults: Burning

Part 2: Irrigation Part 2: Irrigation AnalysisAnalysisEliza HarkinsEliza Harkins

Rural Water Rural Water Systems in Systems in

KenyaKenya

River River Pipes Pipes House House

RiverRiver Streamflow gaugesStreamflow gauges Construction of sensorConstruction of sensor Government involvedGovernment involved

PipesPipes 2 kinds of sensors: 2 kinds of sensors:

mechanical and mechanical and electronicelectronic

Locations unknownLocations unknown

HouseholdsHouseholds Surveys of household Surveys of household

water usewater use Streamflow at site – Streamflow at site –

bucket and stopwatchbucket and stopwatch

Responsibilities in Responsibilities in KenyaKenya

Creating 1 page leave behindCreating 1 page leave behind

GPS mapping of pipe systemsGPS mapping of pipe systems

Recording and cataloguing work doneRecording and cataloguing work done

Putting together and installing of “gadgets”Putting together and installing of “gadgets”

GPS of water tower gulley GPS of water tower gulley

Creating manuals/documents for equipment useCreating manuals/documents for equipment use

Assisted in obtaining streamflow data from Assisted in obtaining streamflow data from WRMAWRMA

Responsibilities at Responsibilities at PrincetonPrinceton

Program for predicting streamflow based on Program for predicting streamflow based on depth of the riverdepth of the river

Using GIS software to create maps of the Using GIS software to create maps of the pipespipes

Data examination Data examination

Challenges Challenges Different fields working on Different fields working on

same projectsame project

Meter malfunction, Meter malfunction, changing measurement changing measurement

techniquetechnique

Community differences in Community differences in water allocationwater allocation

Ill – timed Ill – timed experimentation lengthexperimentation length