Water Pollution & Water Pollution & TreatmentTreatmentScience 8Chapter 2CNCSCOS 3.07

Warm-UpWarm-Up: copy each : copy each sentence with the correct sentence with the correct response.response.1. The 3 classes of indicators are ____, biological, and chemical.

2. Nitrates from fertilizers found in a water supply are _________.

3. The dirtiness or cloudiness of water is ______.

4. pH is a method of measuring the _____ of water.

5. An living organism that is used to evaluate water health is a _______.

6. ______ can form in turbid water or in the presence of nitrates.

7. A _____ is an area of land that shares the same water.

Bio- indicator

Physical Watershe

d Algal

Blooms Chemical

indicators Acidity Turbidity

What is Pollution?What is Pollution?A pollutant is any substance or

form of energy that can cause harm to the environment and make it unfit for organisms.

Two types of water pollution:1. Point Source 2. Non-Point Source

Water Pollution SourcesWater Pollution SourcesPoint Source- you know the one source of pollution; it is identified; easier to detect and control

Non-point Source- comes from many sources that can not be easily identified; harder to control

Point-Source examples:Point-Source examples:

Pipe from Sewage PlantPipe from Industrial Factory

Point-Source examples:Point-Source examples:

Point-Source examples:Point-Source examples:Oil Tanker Spill

Non-Point Source Non-Point Source examples:examples:RUNOFF!!!Water comes from across a large,

more diffuse area of landFrom…farms, lawns, parking lots,

streets, construction sites, acid rain from air pollution, etc.

Non-Point Source Non-Point Source examples:examples:

Non-Point Source Non-Point Source examples:examples:

Non-Point Source Non-Point Source examples:examples:

Non-Point Source Non-Point Source examples:examples:

Biomagnification/Biomagnification/BioaccumulationBioaccumulationPollution gets into smaller organismsAmount builds up as it gets passed up

food chainChemicals could end up in food eaten

by humans

North Carolina PollutionNorth Carolina PollutionSedimentation – increases turbidity

◦Erosion◦Development◦Agriculture – tilling soil, irrigation,

livestock

Nutrient Pollution – increases Nitrate & Phosphate levels in water

Algae Low OxygenFertilizers run off in storm waterFecal Coliform Bacteria from animal feces

Water TreatmentWater TreatmentSewage Treatment Plants

◦Process raw waste & get water ready to enter back into rivers

◦1.) Sludge separated, chlorine used to kill harmful bacteria

◦2.) Oxygen & sludge-eating bacteria used

Septic Systems◦Small wastewater system used by home

or business in rural area◦Sludge consumed by bacteria◦Cleaner water exits & spreads into

ground

Septic SystemSeptic System

Water TreatmentWater TreatmentDrinking Water Treatment Plants:1. Water piped in from river or lake2. Flows through mixers, clumping

agents & chemical disinfectants added3. Clarifying pool separates large

particles4. Filters separate tiny particles of dust

& dirt5. Chlorine used to kill bacteria6. Clean water goes to water storage

tank

EPAEPAThe Environmental Protection

Agency sets and enforces water quality standards for wastewater, pollution & drinking water.

Focuses on protection of surface freshwater resources

What can we do to help?!What can we do to help?!Pick up pet wastePick up litterPlant vegetationDispose of chemicals &

wastewater appropriatelyReduce amount of water used