water quality and aquaculture choose 2 bodies of water n one that you think has poor water quality n...
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Water Quality and Water Quality and AquacultureAquaculture
Choose 2 Bodies of waterChoose 2 Bodies of water
One that you think has poor water One that you think has poor water qualityquality
One that you think has excellent One that you think has excellent water qualitywater quality
Why did you choose themWhy did you choose them
What Factors are What Factors are ImportantImportant
Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen Temperature and StratificationTemperature and Stratification pHpH AlkalinityAlkalinity HardnessHardness Nitrogen CompoundsNitrogen Compounds SalinitySalinity Carbon DioxideCarbon Dioxide TurbidityTurbidity
Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen
Why is it import?Why is it import?– Fish respirationFish respiration– Bacteria respirationBacteria respiration
Generally the first limiting factor in Generally the first limiting factor in aquaculture productionaquaculture production
What % of the air is Oxygen?What % of the air is Oxygen? What % of the water?What % of the water?
Where Does the Oxygen in Where Does the Oxygen in the Water Come From?the Water Come From?
90% comes from photosynthesis90% comes from photosynthesis
6CO6CO22 + 6H + 6H22O + energy = CO + energy = C66HH1212OO66 +6O +6O22
10% comes from the air water interface10% comes from the air water interface
DiffusionDiffusion– movement from an area of high concentration to movement from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentrationan area of low concentration
Where Does the Oxygen Where Does the Oxygen Go?Go?
RespirationRespiration OxidationOxidation
CC66HH1212OO66 +6O +6O22 --> 6CO --> 6CO22 + 6H + 6H22O + energyO + energy
Sugar + Oxygen = Carbondioxide + water Sugar + Oxygen = Carbondioxide + water + + energy energy
How do different levels of How do different levels of DO effect aquaculture DO effect aquaculture
organisms?organisms?
How does temperature How does temperature affect the amount of DO?affect the amount of DO?
How does temperature How does temperature affect the amount of DO?affect the amount of DO?
How does temperature How does temperature affect the amount of DO?affect the amount of DO?
Can the water have too Can the water have too much dissolved oxygen?much dissolved oxygen?
Yes, it’s called supersaturationYes, it’s called supersaturation– this means that at times the water this means that at times the water
may contain more than it can may contain more than it can physically hold.physically hold.
– Caused by oxygen being added faster Caused by oxygen being added faster than it can be released from the pondthan it can be released from the pond
– can actually poison fish and other can actually poison fish and other animals in the pondanimals in the pond
When might When might supersaturation occur?supersaturation occur?
When a pond has a dense algae When a pond has a dense algae bloom and there is hot sunny bloom and there is hot sunny weather.weather.
At the base of a waterfall.At the base of a waterfall.
How does the oxygen get How does the oxygen get depleted?depleted?
Excessive oxygen demandExcessive oxygen demand Net loss of oxygenNet loss of oxygen Algal bloom die-offAlgal bloom die-off Turn overTurn over
Carbon Dioxide & Oxygen Carbon Dioxide & Oxygen BudgetBudget
Oxygen Gains and LossesOxygen Gains and Losses
Photosynthesis by Photosynthesis by phytoplanktonphytoplankton
DiffusionDiffusion
Plankton respirationPlankton respiration Fish respirationFish respiration Respiration by Respiration by
organisms in the mudorganisms in the mud DiffusionDiffusion
5 to 20 ppm5 to 20 ppm
1 to 5 ppm1 to 5 ppm
5 to 15 ppm5 to 15 ppm 2 to 6 ppm2 to 6 ppm 1 to 3 ppm1 to 3 ppm
1 to 5 ppm1 to 5 ppm
GainsGains
Losse
s
Losse
s
Example budgetExample budget
Day 1Day 1– am DO of 6 ppmam DO of 6 ppm
bloom adds 10 ppmbloom adds 10 ppm windy, diffusion adds 10 windy, diffusion adds 10
ppmppm Respiration by plants and Respiration by plants and
animals in the mud 9ppmanimals in the mud 9ppm Fish respiration 3ppmFish respiration 3ppm Diffusion out of pond 2 ppmDiffusion out of pond 2 ppm
6ppm6ppm +10 ppm+10 ppm +10 ppm+10 ppm = 26 ppm= 26 ppm - 9 ppm- 9 ppm - 3 ppm- 3 ppm - 2 ppm- 2 ppm = 7 ppm= 7 ppm
Example budget - Day 2Example budget - Day 2 7 ppm to start7 ppm to start + 10 ppm photosynthesis + 10 ppm photosynthesis + 1 ppm diffusion - calm day+ 1 ppm diffusion - calm day = 18 ppm available= 18 ppm available - 9 ppm respiration of phytoplankton - 9 ppm respiration of phytoplankton
and organisms in the mudand organisms in the mud - 3 ppm fish respiration- 3 ppm fish respiration - 2 ppm diffusion- 2 ppm diffusion 4 ppm left on the morning of day 34 ppm left on the morning of day 3
What would happen if the What would happen if the weather stayed the same?weather stayed the same?
In most cases, a system’s ability to add dissolved oxygen to water will become the first limiting factor in a system’s fish carrying capacity.
How will the density of the How will the density of the algae bloom affect the algae bloom affect the
DO?DO?
How will the density of the How will the density of the algae bloom affect the algae bloom affect the
DO?DO?
How will the density of the How will the density of the algae bloom affect the algae bloom affect the
DO?DO?
How will the density of the How will the density of the algae bloom affect the algae bloom affect the
DO?DO?
Depth vs OxygenDepth vs Oxygen
Depth vs OxygenDepth vs Oxygen
Depth vs OxygenDepth vs Oxygen
Depth vs OxygenDepth vs Oxygen
Stay in the ZoneStay in the Zone
The most productive zone in lakes, The most productive zone in lakes, oceans and other bodies of water is oceans and other bodies of water is called thecalled the
This zone ends at the point where there This zone ends at the point where there is less than 1% of the incident light.is less than 1% of the incident light.