water reuse & wastewater management
TRANSCRIPT
Water Reuse & Wastewater Management
Pio Lombardo, P.E.
Lombardo Associates, Inc.
Newton, MA [email protected]
www.LombardoAssociates.com
September 25, 2008
Sustainable Best Practices
Credentials & Experience
•Over 35 years’ experience in wastewater management, planning and implementation
•Engineer of Record for over $200 million of wastewater management projects throughout the US
•Authored numerous USEPA manuals on decentralized wastewater management
•Limnology & water quality expertise
•Corporative Execute for international environmental engineering firms
•Design/Build/Operate Experience
•Recipient of ENR Construction Man-of-the-Year Candidate Award
•LAI received the ACEC Engineer of Excellence Award
•Registered Engineers in 29 States
Project Types
Commercial Development
Residential Development
Institutional
EMERGENT WETLAND
Water Use Efficiency & Water Reuse
• Minimize Potable Water Demand
• Roof Runoff + Stormwater Reuse
• Wastewater Reuse
Commercial Development Projects
Shopping Centers
Office / Retail
No Net Discharge System
•No Net Discharge
•Minimizes Potable Water Demand(50-70% Reduction)
Wastewater
Collection
Wastewater
Treatment
Rain Collection
StormwaterTreatment Storage
In-Building
Reuse
Landscape
Irrigation
Rain Collection
Stormwater
Malibu- La Paz Development
Water Reuse – No Discharge System
The No Wastewater Discharge is achieved by:
In-Building Reuse – Toilet Flushing
Landscape Irrigation – Roof Runoff & Stormwater Reuse
Malibu La Paz – City Hall Village Green
11 Commercial
Buildings
2 Restaurants
(175 seats/each)
Proposed New
City Hall
Malibu- La Paz Development
Design Flow: 28,000 gpd / 23,000 gpd
Malibu La Paz – Entry
With the Water Reuse, Potable Water Demand
will be 14,200 gpd… a 56% Reduction
Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA
16,000 gpd Shopping Center
Malibu Creek
Plaza
• Equivalent to ~200 Residential Units
• Achieving Title 22 Unrestricted Water Reuse Requirements
Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA
Malibu- Ioki Development
Water Reuse – No Discharge System
Environmentally Sensitive Area, adjacent to the famous Surfrider Beach in Malibu, CA
Combination of Office & Retail buildings
Integrated Wastewater-Stormwater Irrigation System
Malibu- Ioki Development
Design Flow: 20,800 gpd / 18,200 gpd
Without Water Reuse:
In-Building Water Demand = 12,970 gpd
Irrigation = 10,700 gpd= 23,670 gpd
With Water Reuse:
Potable Water Demand = 10,185 gpd
57% REDUCTION
Urban – Mixed Use Development
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Reuse Plan
Commercial Development Projects
Wastewater Reuse for Toilet Flushing
Greenhouse - Wetlands
Dense Urban Development Wastewater Treatment Plant Reuse Plan
Westwood Station On-Site Wastewater System
Preliminary Economic Analsys
prepared by Lombardo Associates, Inc. - November 9, 2006
Design Flow 50,000 gpd
18,250,000 gallons per year (gpy)
18,250 1,000 gpy
Annual Cost with Sewer Connection
2005 Westwood Water Use Rate 3.97$ per hundred cubic feet (HCF)
2005 Westwood Sewer Use Rate 13.95$ per hundred cubic feet
17.92$ per HCF
23.96$ per 1,000 gallons
50,000 gpd
18,250 1,000 gpy
Annual Water Use Cost 96,862$
Annual Sewer Use Cost 340,358$
Annual Total Water & Sewer Cost 437,219$
1. Annual Water & Sewer Use Avoidance Costs
Dense Urban Development Wastewater Treatment Plant Reuse Plan
On-Site Wastewater Reuse System
Range of Estimated Annual O&M Costs
Achievable Low End Safe High End
1. Annual O&M Costs - Est. Budget Range 100,000$ 150,000$
2. Estimated Net Annual Savings 337,219$ 287,219$
3. Simple Payback Period 10 years
3,372,193$ 2,872,193$
Notes:
1. Amenity value of greenhouse not considered
2. Impact of continuing rising MWRA rates - 9.8% for 2006 - not considered
3. Value of LEED points not considered
5. Can reuse system be implemented for less than
Allowable Capital Cost ?
4. "Maximum Allowable" Capital Cost of Reuse
System
Initial Capital Cost estimate = $3,025,000
Residential Development Projects
Nitrogen Sensitive Coastal Areas
Mashpee, MA – 5,226 gpd
Residential &Commercial Site
BIOFILTER
DRAINFIELD PUMP
STATION
SEPTIC TANK
NITREX™ FILTER
BioFilter
Niitrex Filter
Drainfield Pump Station
NitrexTM Filter
•TN < 3 mg/l
•Monthly O&M Visits
•Electricity Use - $0.75 / day
•No chemical Addition
•Normal Septage Removal
•24 Units Mixed Housing (40B)
•9,800 SF Commercial
Eastham, MA – Brackett Landing
Cape Cod Residential Development Producing Water with Total Nitrogen < 3.0 mg/l
Design Flow:
10,000 gpd
Chincoteague, VA
3,900 gpd Commercial System
RECIRCULATING PEAT FILTER AEROBIC
TREATMENT SYSTEM
RESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
TOTAL NITROGEN < 3 mg/l
Septic Tank
Recirculating Media Filter
Recirculating Tank
NitrexTM Filter
Merced, CA
330 gpd Institutional System
Gurr Road
Fire Station
Nitrogen Removal System as an addition to the Septic System
Campus Water Use and Wastewater Generation
Analysis
Annual Residential Water & Sewer Charges for
Major US Cities
Typical Water Charge = $3.08 / 1,000 gallons
Typical Sewer Charge = $4.63 / 1,000 gallons
Typical Combined Charge = $7.71 / 1,000 gallons
Boston Water Charge = $4.40 / 1,000 gallons
Boston Sewer Charge = $5.39 / 1,000 gallons
Boston Combined Charge = $9.79 / 1,000 gallons
Annual Residential Water & Sewer Charges for
Major US Cities ($/1,000 gallons)
Water Sewer CombinedBoston, MA $4.40 $5.39 $9.79Columbus, OH $2.62 $3.58 $6.20Dallas, TX $2.31 $3.65 $5.97Indianapolis, IN $2.74 $2.13 $4.87Jacksonville, FL $2.24 $4.74 $6.98Los Angeles, CA $2.91 $3.35 $6.26MWRA Service Area $4.46 $6.72 $11.18New York, NY $2.41 $3.84 $6.25Philadelphia, PA $3.43 $4.41 $7.84Portland, ME $3.05 $8.48 $11.53Providence, RI $3.44 $3.79 $7.23Saint Paul, MN $2.27 $3.55 $5.82San Diego, CA $4.60 $5.36 $9.96San Francisco, CA $3.33 $7.45 $10.79Seattle, WA $4.63 $9.01 $13.64Washington, DC $3.21 $4.51 $7.72
Analysis Process
•Analysis of Water Use by Meter – Daily, Seasonal and Annual
•Use Profile
•Wastewater Generation Analysis
•Identify Water Use / Wastewater Opportunities
•Economic Analysis of Water / Sewer
•Quantify Potential Savings
•Conceptual Design & Capital and O&M Cost of Projects to Achieve Potential Savings
Use Profile
•Wastewater Generation Analysis
•Toilet Flushing/Showers/Food Related
•Laundry
•Laboratory
•Cooling Towers and Power Plant Blowdowns
•Academic Laboratory Equipment
•Other
Cost Analysis
•Financial Situation – Existing
•Using Existing and Projected Water & Sewer Rate
•Annual Water Cost
•Annual Sewer Cost
Opportunities Identification
•Identify Water Use / Wastewater Opportunities
•Conservation
•Reuse
•Toilets
•Cooling Towers
•Irrigation
•Independent Laundry Reuse Systems
•Others
Evaluation
•Conceptual Design and Capital and O&M Costs of Projects to Achieve Potential Savings
•Simple Financial Analysis
•Payback Plan
•Return on Investment
Non – Domestic Water Conservation Opportunities – Project 1
•Collect
•CUP Cooling Tower and Boiler Blowdown
•RO Rejects
•Vacuum Pump Cooling Water
•Roof Rainwater
•Humidifier Condensates
•Treat water at Facility
•Reuse Treated Effluent for Cooling Tower Make-Up
•With payback of ten (10) years, simple 10% ROI $3.4 million could be spent
Water Quantity Savings Potential 108,000 gpd
Water/Sewer Dollar Savings Potential $339,000/yr
Non – Domestic Water Conservation Opportunities – Project 2
•Evaluate Underground Use of a Location for Stormwater/Wastewater Storage/Treatment Facility
•Treat Stormwater/Wastewater for non-potable water use
•With payback of ten (10) years, simple 10% ROI $5.6 million could be spent
Water Quantity Savings Potential 179,000 gpd
Water/Sewer Dollar Savings Potential $560,000/yr
Dispersal Systems
Dispersal - Drip Irrigation
Drip Field
LEACHFIELD PRSSSURE
DISTRIBUTION TEST
LEACHFIELD (BURIED)
Disinfection + Emerging
Contaminants Removal
•UV
•Ozone
Malibu Creek Plaza, Malibu, CA
Ozone – UV Disinfection
Questions / Answers