Water transport servicesstatistics - NACE Rev 2 Statistics Explained

Source Statistics Explained (httpeppeurostateceuropaeustatisticsexplained) - 05102016 1

Data from October 2015 Most recent data Further Eurostat information Main tables and Database

This article presents an overview of statistics for water transport services in the European Union (EU) ascovered by NACE Rev 2 Division 50 It belongs to a set of statistical articles on rsquoBusiness economy by sectorrsquo

Table 1 Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 - Source Eurostat(sbsna1aser2)

Figure 1 Sectoral analysis of water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 (1)( share ofsectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Table 2a Sectoral analysis of key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012- Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Table 2b Sectoral analysis of key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012- Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Table 3 Largest and most specialised Member States in water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1) - Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Table 4a Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 - Source Eurostat (sb-sna1aser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 2

Table 4b Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 - Source Eurostat (sb-sna1aser2)

Table 5 Key size class indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 - SourceEurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 3

Figure 2 Relative importance of enterprise size classes water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1)( share of sectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Table 6a Employment by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 4

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 5

Table 4b Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 - Source Eurostat (sb-sna1aser2)

Table 5 Key size class indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 - SourceEurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 3

Figure 2 Relative importance of enterprise size classes water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1)( share of sectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Table 6a Employment by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 4

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 5

Figure 2 Relative importance of enterprise size classes water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1)( share of sectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Table 6a Employment by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 4

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 5

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 5

and storage services average (126 )

Sectoral analysisThe four different NACE groups that compose the water transport services sector each comprised between 35and 60 thousand enterprises across the EU-28 in 2012 The highest number of enterprises was recorded for thesea and coastal passenger water transport subsector (Group 501)

The pattern was quite different for the breakdown of employment as four out of five persons in the EU-28rsquoswater transport services sector in 2012 worked in one or other of the two sea and coastal water transport ser-vices subsectors The largest workforce (936 thousand persons) was registered for sea and coastal freight watertransport (Group 502) while the sea and coastal passenger water transport subsector accounted for a further715 thousand persons The two inland water transport services subsectors had quite similar sized workforcesas 230 thousand persons were employed within the inland freight water transport subsector (Group 504) whilethe smallest workforce (171 thousand) was registered amongst those persons engaged in inland passenger watertransport services (Group 503)

EU-28 apparent labour productivity in 2012 was relatively high for the sea and coastal freight water trans-port subsector (EUR 1510 thousand per person employed) the inland freight water transport subsector (EUR740 thousand per person employed) and the sea and coastal passenger water transport subsector (EUR 700thousand per person employed) these three subsectors also recorded wage-adjusted labour productivity ratios(2490 1930 and 1560 respectively) that were above the non-financial business economy average (1427) On the contrary the inland passenger water transport sector recorded the lowest levels of both productiv-ity ratios below the non-financial business economy averages and far below the averages for the whole of thetransport services sector The gross operating rate for inland freight water transport (192 ) was two times ashigh as the non-financial business economy average (94 ) while it was close to the sectoral average (106 )for the three remaining subsectors

Country analysisItaly had the largest workforce within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector employing 142 of the totalWhen ranked the Italian share was followed by a 134 share in Germany 128 in the Netherlands and 103 in Denmark none of the remaining EU Member States accounted for more than the 77 employment sharerecorded for Sweden

In value added terms Germany was the largest EU Member State with EUR 66 billion in 2012 (308 share of the EU-28rsquos added value) far ahead of Italy (EUR 27 billion) and the United Kingdom (EUR 25billion) Germany had the highest value added in 2012 for three out of the four NACE groups within the watertransport services sector with the sea and coastal passenger water transport subsectormdash where Italy accountedfor more than one quarter of the EU-28rsquos added value mdash being the only exception

In terms of relative specialisation as measured by the national shares of water transport services in non-financial business economy value added Denmark was the most specialised EU Member State Water transportservices accounted for 17 of non-financial business economy added value in Denmark in 2012 which was14 times as high as the next highest share (12 ) which was recorded in Greece Norway was also stronglyspecialised in water transport services as the share of this sector in non-financial business economy value addedreached 24 Table 3 shows the most specialised Member State for each of the four subsectors although it isimportant to note that for several Member States data are not available for all subsectors

Germany Belgium Poland Ireland Romania and the United Kingdom all recorded wage-adjusted labourproductivity ratios for the water transport sector that were in excess of 2000 in 2012 the same was truefor Norway All these countries reported that these ratios for water transport services were above nationalnon-financial business economy averages this was also the case for six other Member States The Germanwage-adjusted labour productivity ratio for water transport services was particularly high (5071 ) and wasthe highest wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio for Germany in 2012 among all non-financial business econ-omy NACE divisions

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 6

Size class analysisOverall large enterprises (employing 250 or more persons) employed 427 of the EU-28rsquos workforce withinthe water transport sector in 2012 which was substantially higher than the 330 average share of large en-terprises within the non-financial business economy workforce Large enterprises contributed a 328 share ofthe value added that was generated in the EU-28rsquos water transport sector this share represented an averagebetween the relatively high share of large enterprises within the sea and coastal water transport subsectors andthe relatively low share for inland water transport subsectors where large enterprises contributed less than onetenth of sectoral value added (based on 2011 data) In value added terms micro enterprises (employing fewerthan 10 persons) contributed 309 of the sectoral total in the water transport sector in 2012 far above theaverage share (210 ) of this enterprise size class within the non-financial business economy

In Finland large enterprises contributed 639 of total value added within the water transport sector in2012 the highest such share among the EU Member States (for which data are available) the share close to 60 was also recorded for Italy At the other end of the scale there were no large water transport enterprises inthe landlocked Member States of the Czech Republic and Austria where the enterprise structure reflected thepattern within the inland water transport subsectors equally there were no large enterprises in the relativelysmall water transport sectors in Slovenia Malta and Portugal In terms of value added Germany had thelargest water transport sector among the Member States in 2012 and also recorded the biggest share (906 )of value added from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs employing fewer than 250 persons) among thelarger Member States

Data sources and availabilityThe analysis presented in this article is based on the main dataset for structural business statistics (SBS) andsize class data all of which are published annually

The main series provides information for each EU Member State as well as a number of non-member countriesat a detailed level according to the activity classification NACE Data are available for a wide range of variables

In structural business statistics size classes are generally defined by the number of persons employed A limitedset of the standard structural business statistics variables (for example the number of enterprises turnoverpersons employed and value added) are analysed by size class mostly down to the three-digit (group) level ofNACE The main size classes used in this article for presenting the results are

bull small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with 1 to 249 persons employed further divided into

ndash micro enterprises with less than 10 persons employed

ndash small enterprises with 10 to 49 persons employed

ndash medium-sized enterprises with 50 to 249 persons employed

bull large enterprises with 250 or more persons employed

ContextThis article presents an overview of statistics for the water transport services sector in the EU as covered byNACE Rev 2 Division 50 This division includes all water borne transport services whether these are scheduledor not it excludes own account transport Also included are the operation of towing or pushing boats (as wellas barges and rigs) excursion cruise or sightseeing boats ferries water taxis and so on as well as the rental ofpleasure boats with crew for water transport (for example for fishing cruises)

A distinction is made between transport on inland waterways as opposed to sea and coastal water transportmdash the deciding factor is in fact the type of vessel used A further distinction is made between the transportof passengers and freight such that four separate NACE groups cover the whole of this services sector whichincludes

bull sea and coastal passenger water transport (Group 501)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 7

Size class analysisOverall large enterprises (employing 250 or more persons) employed 427 of the EU-28rsquos workforce withinthe water transport sector in 2012 which was substantially higher than the 330 average share of large en-terprises within the non-financial business economy workforce Large enterprises contributed a 328 share ofthe value added that was generated in the EU-28rsquos water transport sector this share represented an averagebetween the relatively high share of large enterprises within the sea and coastal water transport subsectors andthe relatively low share for inland water transport subsectors where large enterprises contributed less than onetenth of sectoral value added (based on 2011 data) In value added terms micro enterprises (employing fewerthan 10 persons) contributed 309 of the sectoral total in the water transport sector in 2012 far above theaverage share (210 ) of this enterprise size class within the non-financial business economy

In Finland large enterprises contributed 639 of total value added within the water transport sector in2012 the highest such share among the EU Member States (for which data are available) the share close to 60 was also recorded for Italy At the other end of the scale there were no large water transport enterprises inthe landlocked Member States of the Czech Republic and Austria where the enterprise structure reflected thepattern within the inland water transport subsectors equally there were no large enterprises in the relativelysmall water transport sectors in Slovenia Malta and Portugal In terms of value added Germany had thelargest water transport sector among the Member States in 2012 and also recorded the biggest share (906 )of value added from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs employing fewer than 250 persons) among thelarger Member States

Data sources and availabilityThe analysis presented in this article is based on the main dataset for structural business statistics (SBS) andsize class data all of which are published annually

The main series provides information for each EU Member State as well as a number of non-member countriesat a detailed level according to the activity classification NACE Data are available for a wide range of variables

In structural business statistics size classes are generally defined by the number of persons employed A limitedset of the standard structural business statistics variables (for example the number of enterprises turnoverpersons employed and value added) are analysed by size class mostly down to the three-digit (group) level ofNACE The main size classes used in this article for presenting the results are

bull small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with 1 to 249 persons employed further divided into

ndash micro enterprises with less than 10 persons employed

ndash small enterprises with 10 to 49 persons employed

ndash medium-sized enterprises with 50 to 249 persons employed

bull large enterprises with 250 or more persons employed

ContextThis article presents an overview of statistics for the water transport services sector in the EU as covered byNACE Rev 2 Division 50 This division includes all water borne transport services whether these are scheduledor not it excludes own account transport Also included are the operation of towing or pushing boats (as wellas barges and rigs) excursion cruise or sightseeing boats ferries water taxis and so on as well as the rental ofpleasure boats with crew for water transport (for example for fishing cruises)

A distinction is made between transport on inland waterways as opposed to sea and coastal water transportmdash the deciding factor is in fact the type of vessel used A further distinction is made between the transportof passengers and freight such that four separate NACE groups cover the whole of this services sector whichincludes

bull sea and coastal passenger water transport (Group 501)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 7

bull sea and coastal freight water transport (Group 502)

bull inland passenger water transport (Group 503)

bull inland freight water transport (Group 504)

The renting of pleasure boats yachts and commercial ships or boats without crew is excluded (part of Division77 covering the renting and leasing of goods ) as are harbour and port operations and other auxiliary activitiessuch as docking pilotage lighterage vessel salvage (part of Division 52 covering warehousing and supportactivities for transportation )

See alsobull Other analyses of the business economy by NACE Rev 2 sector

bull Structural business statistics introduced

bull Transportation and storage

Further Eurostat informationPublications

bull European business - facts and figures (online publication)

bull Key figures on European Business ndash with a special feature section on SMEs ndash 2011 edition

Main tablesbull Structural business statistics (tsbs)

Databasebull Structural business statistics (sbs) see

SBS ndash services (sbsserv)

Annual detailed enterprise statistics - services (sbsnaserv)

Annual detailed enterprise statistics for services (NACE Rev 2 H-N and S95) (sbsna1aser2)

SMEs - Annual enterprise statistics by size class - services (sbsscsc)

Services by employment size class (NACE Rev 2 H-N and S95) (sbssc1bser2)

SBS - regional data - all activities (sbsr)

SBS data by NUTS 2 regions and NACE Rev 2 (from 2008 onwards) (sbsrnuts06r2)

Dedicated sectionbull Structural business statistics

Source data for tables and figures (MS Excel)bull Water transport services (NACE Rev 2) tables and figures

Other informationbull Decision 15782007EC of 11 December 2007 on the Community Statistical Programme 2008 to 2012

bull Regulation (EC) No 2952008 of 11 March 2008 concerning structural business statistics

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 8

External linksbull European Commission ndash Competition

bull Transport

bull European Commission ndash Internal market Industry Entrepreneurship and SMEs see

bull Maritime industries (shipbuilding)

bull European Commission ndash Mobility and transport see

bull Inland waterways

bull Maritime

bull European Environment Agency see

bull Transport

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 9

Data from October 2015 Most recent data Further Eurostat information Main tables and Database

This article presents an overview of statistics for water transport services in the European Union (EU) ascovered by NACE Rev 2 Division 50 It belongs to a set of statistical articles on rsquoBusiness economy by sectorrsquo

Table 1 Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 - Source Eurostat(sbsna1aser2)

Figure 1 Sectoral analysis of water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 (1)( share ofsectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Table 2a Sectoral analysis of key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012- Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 10

Table 2b Sectoral analysis of key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012- Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Table 3 Largest and most specialised Member States in water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1) - Source Eurostat (sbsna1aser2)

Table 4a Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 - Source Eurostat (sb-sna1aser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 11

Table 4b Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 - Source Eurostat (sb-sna1aser2)

Table 5 Key size class indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 - SourceEurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 12

Figure 2 Relative importance of enterprise size classes water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1)( share of sectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Table 6a Employment by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 13

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 14

Table 4b Key indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 - Source Eurostat (sb-sna1aser2)

Table 5 Key size class indicators water transport (NACE Division 50) EU-28 2012 - SourceEurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 12

Figure 2 Relative importance of enterprise size classes water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1)( share of sectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Table 6a Employment by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 13

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 14

Figure 2 Relative importance of enterprise size classes water transport (NACE Division 50)EU-28 2012 (1)( share of sectoral total) - Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Table 6a Employment by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 13

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 14

Table 6b Value added by enterprise size class water transport (NACE Division 50) 2012 -Source Eurostat (sbssc1bser2)

Main statistical findingsStructural profileThere were 209 thousand enterprises operating with water transport services (Division 50) as their main ac-tivity in the EU-28 in 2012 Together they employed 2053 thousand persons which was equivalent to 02 ofthe non-financial business economy (Sections B to J and L to N and Division 95) workforce or 19 of thoseemployed in the transportation and storage services sector (Section H) Water transport services enterprisesgenerated EUR 215 billion of value added which was 03 of the non-financial business economy total and44 of the total for transportation and storage services

The apparent labour productivity of the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 was relatively highat EUR 105 thousand per person employed Indeed this marked the tenth highest level of apparent labourproductivity among all of the NACE divisions covered by the non-financial business economy and was around23 times as high as the non-financial business economy average of EUR 462 thousand per person employed orthe transportation and storage services average of EUR 460 thousand per person employed Water transportservices had the highest level of apparent labour productivity among any of the five NACE divisions that com-pose the transportation and storage services sector

Average personnel costs within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector were also relatively high at EUR505 thousand per employee in 2012 compared with EUR 324 thousand per employee for the whole of thenon-financial business economy and an average of EUR 331 thousand per employee across transportation andstorage services where the only NACE division to record higher average personnel costs was that of air trans-port

The wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio which combines the two previous indicators and shows the extentto which value added per person employed covers average personnel costs per employee stood at 210 forthe EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 This was also considerably above both the non-financialbusiness economy average of 1427 and the transportation and storage services average of 1400 and markedthe highest level for this ratio among any of the five NACE divisions within transportation and storage services

The gross operating rate (which presents the relation between the gross operating surplus and turnover ) isone measure of profitability it stood at 106 for the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector in 2012 Thisgross operating rate was between the non-financial business economy average (94 ) and the transportation

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 14

and storage services average (126 )

Sectoral analysisThe four different NACE groups that compose the water transport services sector each comprised between 35and 60 thousand enterprises across the EU-28 in 2012 The highest number of enterprises was recorded for thesea and coastal passenger water transport subsector (Group 501)

The pattern was quite different for the breakdown of employment as four out of five persons in the EU-28rsquoswater transport services sector in 2012 worked in one or other of the two sea and coastal water transport ser-vices subsectors The largest workforce (936 thousand persons) was registered for sea and coastal freight watertransport (Group 502) while the sea and coastal passenger water transport subsector accounted for a further715 thousand persons The two inland water transport services subsectors had quite similar sized workforcesas 230 thousand persons were employed within the inland freight water transport subsector (Group 504) whilethe smallest workforce (171 thousand) was registered amongst those persons engaged in inland passenger watertransport services (Group 503)

EU-28 apparent labour productivity in 2012 was relatively high for the sea and coastal freight water trans-port subsector (EUR 1510 thousand per person employed) the inland freight water transport subsector (EUR740 thousand per person employed) and the sea and coastal passenger water transport subsector (EUR 700thousand per person employed) these three subsectors also recorded wage-adjusted labour productivity ratios(2490 1930 and 1560 respectively) that were above the non-financial business economy average (1427) On the contrary the inland passenger water transport sector recorded the lowest levels of both productiv-ity ratios below the non-financial business economy averages and far below the averages for the whole of thetransport services sector The gross operating rate for inland freight water transport (192 ) was two times ashigh as the non-financial business economy average (94 ) while it was close to the sectoral average (106 )for the three remaining subsectors

Country analysisItaly had the largest workforce within the EU-28rsquos water transport services sector employing 142 of the totalWhen ranked the Italian share was followed by a 134 share in Germany 128 in the Netherlands and 103 in Denmark none of the remaining EU Member States accounted for more than the 77 employment sharerecorded for Sweden

In value added terms Germany was the largest EU Member State with EUR 66 billion in 2012 (308 share of the EU-28rsquos added value) far ahead of Italy (EUR 27 billion) and the United Kingdom (EUR 25billion) Germany had the highest value added in 2012 for three out of the four NACE groups within the watertransport services sector with the sea and coastal passenger water transport subsectormdash where Italy accountedfor more than one quarter of the EU-28rsquos added value mdash being the only exception

In terms of relative specialisation as measured by the national shares of water transport services in non-financial business economy value added Denmark was the most specialised EU Member State Water transportservices accounted for 17 of non-financial business economy added value in Denmark in 2012 which was14 times as high as the next highest share (12 ) which was recorded in Greece Norway was also stronglyspecialised in water transport services as the share of this sector in non-financial business economy value addedreached 24 Table 3 shows the most specialised Member State for each of the four subsectors although it isimportant to note that for several Member States data are not available for all subsectors

Germany Belgium Poland Ireland Romania and the United Kingdom all recorded wage-adjusted labourproductivity ratios for the water transport sector that were in excess of 2000 in 2012 the same was truefor Norway All these countries reported that these ratios for water transport services were above nationalnon-financial business economy averages this was also the case for six other Member States The Germanwage-adjusted labour productivity ratio for water transport services was particularly high (5071 ) and wasthe highest wage-adjusted labour productivity ratio for Germany in 2012 among all non-financial business econ-omy NACE divisions

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 15

Size class analysisOverall large enterprises (employing 250 or more persons) employed 427 of the EU-28rsquos workforce withinthe water transport sector in 2012 which was substantially higher than the 330 average share of large en-terprises within the non-financial business economy workforce Large enterprises contributed a 328 share ofthe value added that was generated in the EU-28rsquos water transport sector this share represented an averagebetween the relatively high share of large enterprises within the sea and coastal water transport subsectors andthe relatively low share for inland water transport subsectors where large enterprises contributed less than onetenth of sectoral value added (based on 2011 data) In value added terms micro enterprises (employing fewerthan 10 persons) contributed 309 of the sectoral total in the water transport sector in 2012 far above theaverage share (210 ) of this enterprise size class within the non-financial business economy

In Finland large enterprises contributed 639 of total value added within the water transport sector in2012 the highest such share among the EU Member States (for which data are available) the share close to 60 was also recorded for Italy At the other end of the scale there were no large water transport enterprises inthe landlocked Member States of the Czech Republic and Austria where the enterprise structure reflected thepattern within the inland water transport subsectors equally there were no large enterprises in the relativelysmall water transport sectors in Slovenia Malta and Portugal In terms of value added Germany had thelargest water transport sector among the Member States in 2012 and also recorded the biggest share (906 )of value added from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs employing fewer than 250 persons) among thelarger Member States

Data sources and availabilityThe analysis presented in this article is based on the main dataset for structural business statistics (SBS) andsize class data all of which are published annually

The main series provides information for each EU Member State as well as a number of non-member countriesat a detailed level according to the activity classification NACE Data are available for a wide range of variables

In structural business statistics size classes are generally defined by the number of persons employed A limitedset of the standard structural business statistics variables (for example the number of enterprises turnoverpersons employed and value added) are analysed by size class mostly down to the three-digit (group) level ofNACE The main size classes used in this article for presenting the results are

bull small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with 1 to 249 persons employed further divided into

ndash micro enterprises with less than 10 persons employed

ndash small enterprises with 10 to 49 persons employed

ndash medium-sized enterprises with 50 to 249 persons employed

bull large enterprises with 250 or more persons employed

ContextThis article presents an overview of statistics for the water transport services sector in the EU as covered byNACE Rev 2 Division 50 This division includes all water borne transport services whether these are scheduledor not it excludes own account transport Also included are the operation of towing or pushing boats (as wellas barges and rigs) excursion cruise or sightseeing boats ferries water taxis and so on as well as the rental ofpleasure boats with crew for water transport (for example for fishing cruises)

A distinction is made between transport on inland waterways as opposed to sea and coastal water transportmdash the deciding factor is in fact the type of vessel used A further distinction is made between the transportof passengers and freight such that four separate NACE groups cover the whole of this services sector whichincludes

bull sea and coastal passenger water transport (Group 501)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 16

Size class analysisOverall large enterprises (employing 250 or more persons) employed 427 of the EU-28rsquos workforce withinthe water transport sector in 2012 which was substantially higher than the 330 average share of large en-terprises within the non-financial business economy workforce Large enterprises contributed a 328 share ofthe value added that was generated in the EU-28rsquos water transport sector this share represented an averagebetween the relatively high share of large enterprises within the sea and coastal water transport subsectors andthe relatively low share for inland water transport subsectors where large enterprises contributed less than onetenth of sectoral value added (based on 2011 data) In value added terms micro enterprises (employing fewerthan 10 persons) contributed 309 of the sectoral total in the water transport sector in 2012 far above theaverage share (210 ) of this enterprise size class within the non-financial business economy

In Finland large enterprises contributed 639 of total value added within the water transport sector in2012 the highest such share among the EU Member States (for which data are available) the share close to 60 was also recorded for Italy At the other end of the scale there were no large water transport enterprises inthe landlocked Member States of the Czech Republic and Austria where the enterprise structure reflected thepattern within the inland water transport subsectors equally there were no large enterprises in the relativelysmall water transport sectors in Slovenia Malta and Portugal In terms of value added Germany had thelargest water transport sector among the Member States in 2012 and also recorded the biggest share (906 )of value added from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs employing fewer than 250 persons) among thelarger Member States

Data sources and availabilityThe analysis presented in this article is based on the main dataset for structural business statistics (SBS) andsize class data all of which are published annually

The main series provides information for each EU Member State as well as a number of non-member countriesat a detailed level according to the activity classification NACE Data are available for a wide range of variables

In structural business statistics size classes are generally defined by the number of persons employed A limitedset of the standard structural business statistics variables (for example the number of enterprises turnoverpersons employed and value added) are analysed by size class mostly down to the three-digit (group) level ofNACE The main size classes used in this article for presenting the results are

bull small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with 1 to 249 persons employed further divided into

ndash micro enterprises with less than 10 persons employed

ndash small enterprises with 10 to 49 persons employed

ndash medium-sized enterprises with 50 to 249 persons employed

bull large enterprises with 250 or more persons employed

ContextThis article presents an overview of statistics for the water transport services sector in the EU as covered byNACE Rev 2 Division 50 This division includes all water borne transport services whether these are scheduledor not it excludes own account transport Also included are the operation of towing or pushing boats (as wellas barges and rigs) excursion cruise or sightseeing boats ferries water taxis and so on as well as the rental ofpleasure boats with crew for water transport (for example for fishing cruises)

A distinction is made between transport on inland waterways as opposed to sea and coastal water transportmdash the deciding factor is in fact the type of vessel used A further distinction is made between the transportof passengers and freight such that four separate NACE groups cover the whole of this services sector whichincludes

bull sea and coastal passenger water transport (Group 501)

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 16

bull sea and coastal freight water transport (Group 502)

bull inland passenger water transport (Group 503)

bull inland freight water transport (Group 504)

The renting of pleasure boats yachts and commercial ships or boats without crew is excluded (part of Division77 covering the renting and leasing of goods ) as are harbour and port operations and other auxiliary activitiessuch as docking pilotage lighterage vessel salvage (part of Division 52 covering warehousing and supportactivities for transportation )

See alsobull Other analyses of the business economy by NACE Rev 2 sector

bull Structural business statistics introduced

bull Transportation and storage

Further Eurostat informationPublications

bull European business - facts and figures (online publication)

bull Key figures on European Business ndash with a special feature section on SMEs ndash 2011 edition

Main tablesbull Structural business statistics (tsbs)

Databasebull Structural business statistics (sbs) see

SBS ndash services (sbsserv)

Annual detailed enterprise statistics - services (sbsnaserv)

Annual detailed enterprise statistics for services (NACE Rev 2 H-N and S95) (sbsna1aser2)

SMEs - Annual enterprise statistics by size class - services (sbsscsc)

Services by employment size class (NACE Rev 2 H-N and S95) (sbssc1bser2)

SBS - regional data - all activities (sbsr)

SBS data by NUTS 2 regions and NACE Rev 2 (from 2008 onwards) (sbsrnuts06r2)

Dedicated sectionbull Structural business statistics

Source data for tables and figures (MS Excel)bull Water transport services (NACE Rev 2) tables and figures

Other informationbull Decision 15782007EC of 11 December 2007 on the Community Statistical Programme 2008 to 2012

bull Regulation (EC) No 2952008 of 11 March 2008 concerning structural business statistics

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 17

External linksbull European Commission ndash Competition

bull Transport

bull European Commission ndash Internal market Industry Entrepreneurship and SMEs see

bull Maritime industries (shipbuilding)

bull European Commission ndash Mobility and transport see

bull Inland waterways

bull Maritime

bull European Environment Agency see

bull Transport

Water transport services statistics - NACE Rev 2 18