ways of governing

23
Types of Government

Upload: c-carriere

Post on 16-May-2015

5.322 views

Category:

Education


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Ways of governing

Types of Government

Page 2: Ways of governing

Types of government define who rules and who participates

There are three types of governments:

1. Autocracy: Rule by one

2. Oligarchy: Rule by few

3. Democracy: Rule by all • Forms: Direct and Representative• Methods: Parliamentary and Presidential

Page 3: Ways of governing

Governments distribute power through systems.

A. Unitary• All decisions and power held at a central level

B. Federal• Decisions and power split between national and

state or provincial governments

Page 4: Ways of governing

Autocracy

• Government in which the power to govern is held by one person.

• Generally the power to rule is inherited or taken by military force.

Page 5: Ways of governing

There are three types of autocratic government.

1. Dictatorships

2. Absolute Monarchies

3. Constitutional Monarchies

Page 6: Ways of governing

Dictatorship

• A dictatorship consists of rule by one person or a group of people often taken by force.

• Very few dictators admit they are dictators and almost always claim to be leaders of democracies

Page 7: Ways of governing

Dictatorship

• Description• A leader has total

power

• Examples include:

• Cuba (Castro) & North Korea (Kim Jong Il) .

Page 8: Ways of governing

Monarchy

A monarchy consists of rule by a king/queen or “emperor”.

1. Absolute

2. Constitutional

Page 9: Ways of governing

Absolute Monarchy

• King or Queen holds all of the power to make laws and govern)

• Example• Louis XIV in France during the 1700s

Page 10: Ways of governing

Constitutional Monarchy

• King/Queen has power that is limited by a set of rules called a constitution) and shares power with elected officials

• ExamplePresent day England

Page 11: Ways of governing

Oligarchy• When a family or small group of

people control all of the power to govern and make laws

• The group gets their power from either military, wealth or social status.

• Elections may be held but offer only one candidate.

• Examples• China

• Only one party (communist) allowed

Page 12: Ways of governing

Theocracy

• type of oligarchy where religious leaders govern

• Example• Iran

Page 13: Ways of governing

Democracy

• “Democracy” literally means “rule by the people.”

• In a democracy, the people govern – by voting.

Page 14: Ways of governing

Kinds of democracies

1. Direct Democracy

2. Representative Democracy

Page 15: Ways of governing

Direct Democracy

• Description• The power of government is controlled directly

by the people• Everyone votes on every issue

Example:In some American states, town meetings are held where every citizen votes by publicly proclaiming their vote.

Page 16: Ways of governing

• Direct democracy is impossible in a political system containing more than a few people.

• In a representative democracy, delegates are selected by the people through a defined process to make and enforce laws.

Page 17: Ways of governing

Representative Democracy

• The people elect representatives who then make decisions for them

Example:

Canada, United States

Page 18: Ways of governing

Forms of Representative Democracy

1. Parliamentary

2. Presidential

Page 19: Ways of governing

Parliamentary Democracy

• Voters elect members to a Parliament (legislature)

• Example: Canada, Britain,

Page 20: Ways of governing

• Parliaments are bicameral in that they have two houses where decisions are made

1. House of Commons• The political party with the most elected

members in the House of Commons forms the government. The leader of that party becomes the Prime Minister.

2. Senate or House of Lords• Elected government chooses people to

govern in the senate.

Parliamentary Democracy

Page 21: Ways of governing

Presidential Democracy

• Voters elect legislators and also elect, directly or indirectly, the President.

In a presidential system, voters have a more direct say about who will serve as President

Page 22: Ways of governing

Parliamentary System

Presidential System

Executive Legislative

CitizensCitizens

Legislative

Executive

Elect

Elect

Select

Elect

Page 23: Ways of governing

Canada’s form of government can be described as

A constitutional monarchy characterized

by a federation of provinces that operate

within a democratic parliamentary system.