7/26/2019 We Identify M1 as a Common

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We identify M1as a common-source device because it senses the input at its gate and generates

the output at its drain. Transistors M2and M3therefore act as the load, with the former serving

as a current source and the latter as a diode-connected device. Thus, M2can be replaced with

a small-signal resistance equal to rO2, and M3with another equal to (1=gm3)jjrO3. The circuitnow reduces to that depicted in Fig. 7.3!b", yielding