web services ppt

Introduction to Web Services

Jane Hsu

Copyright (C) 2004 Jane Hsu 2

Issues

What is a Web Service?Why are Web Services interesting?What e-commerce business models do Web Services enable?What security and privacy issues need to be addressed for Web Services to be successful?What are the platforms supporting web services?

Microsoft’s .NET PlatformSun J2EE


The basic business proposition of web services…

Applications, programming languages, operating systems and hardware are still needed to build the Web services and the software that invokes them.

Process Automation, Workflow, Data transformation, and Systems management are required to deploy

I want to be able to do business across the Internet withI want to be able to do business across the Internet withmy customers, partners, and suppliers my customers, partners, and suppliers

withoutwithout having to know the intimate details having to know the intimate details of how they built their IT systemsof how they built their IT systems..


Web as Powerful Archive


Example: Yahoo! Stock Ticker

Vast databases of historical stock prices accessible at http://finance.yahoo.com

Browser-oriented user-friendly displays

Programs need to mimic users to request the information and then “scrape the screens”

Inefficient and fragile

Need a better mechanism!


Service Providers

Service Oriented Architecture

Service Requestors

ServiceBrokers

LegacySystem

InternetPublishFind

Bind


Loosely-Coupled Web Applications

Web Services

XML/HTTP

XML/HTTPXML/HTTP


Interoperability

Intra-business:

EAI

Inter-business:

B2Bi

Supply chain management


Software Design Principles

AbstractionAbstract & reuse useful functions in programs

Abstraction hides implementation details

ComponentizationShare code among programs by creating reusable software components

Save time coding, debugging & testing

Reusable components have value

Components are local (i.e. live on your machine)


Componentizing

To help different software applications communicate with one another

Earlier development effortsCOM (Microsoft)

CORBA (Sun/Java)

Web services are based on key standardsExtensible Markup Language (XML)

Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)

Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI)

Web Services Description Language (WSDL)


Software Engineering

Web Services

Java RMI

Message Oriented Middleware

CORBA

RPC

DLL

Subroutine

DCOM

1970 1980 1991 1996 1996 2000

Coverage

Black box Standard interface Network standards Open directoryCentralized Client-Server Distributed Objects Web Services


Distributed Component Technology

CORBA DCOM Java RMI SOAP

Communication IIOP RPC IIOR or JRMP HTTP

Message Format CDR NDR Java Ser. Format XML

Spec. Language OMG IDL IDL Java WSDL

Search MechanismNamingService

WindowsRegistry

RMI Registry UDDI


Web Services

A web service is any software component thatIs available over the Internet

“Programming the Web”“Remote procedure calls over the Web”Web sites with no user interface

Uses standard web messaging protocols (XML/SOAP)Is platform independent. i.e. Components are not tied to any one operating system or programming language.Enables highly distributed information systems


Web Services vs. Web Applications

Web Services Web Application

Interface program-program human-program

Language XML HTML

Service Index Search vis UDDISearch via searchengine

Application domain B2B B2C

ProtocolsSOAP +HTTP/HTTPS/SMTP

HTTP/HTTPS


Features of Web Services

Services as Componentsreuse

Platform-FreeStandards-based

Open StandardsSOAP、UDDI、WSDL etc.

Dynamic IntegrationOn-demandOut-sourced

InteroperabilityIncremental Deployment


Why will Web Services Succeed?

Allows for Applications on demand & “Utility-based” ComputingFaster deployments, Lower skill levels, Faster ROI

Based on real and open Standards with ubiquityTCP/IP, HTTP, XML, SOAP, WSDL ...Utilizes existing infrastructure

We made the right choices this timeLoose coupling, simple, business driven

Early Industry DeploymentsMajor Vendors totally committed (IBM, Microsoft, Sun, etc.)Customers already in production using web servicesFastest Adoption rate of any technology in a long time

Can cut cost of integration by up to 20% (McKinsey) -- the single biggest IT costNew business models & types of applications are possible

Real Business Value is Delivered!Real Business Value is Delivered!


Three Standards Based on XML

UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration)

Yellow pages directory for services

White/green pages

WSDL (Web Service Description Language)Document describing the message exchange contract

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)XML-based protocol for messaging


Web Services Technology Stack

Service Flow (WFMS)

Service Discovery & Publication (UDDI)

Service Description (WSDL)

Service Invocation & Messaging (SOAP)

XML (XML Schema, Namespace)

Network (HTTP, SMTP, FTP)

Man

agem

ent

Qu

ality of S

ervice

Secu

rity (WS

-Sec)


Evolution of UDDI

Goal: automated discovery and execution of e-commerce transactions

Universal Business Registry (UBR)White pages: company contact information

Yellow pages: categorization/standard taxonomies

Green pages: technical information about services exposed

Web service infrastructure

UDDI.org is comprised of more than 200 major software developers and e-business leaders


White Pages

Business Name

Text Descriptionlist of multi-language text strings

Contact infonames, phone numbers, fax numbers, web sites…

Known Identifiers list of identifiers that a business may be known by – D-U-N-S (UDDI registry generated unique number for each business)


Yellow Pages

Business categories5 standard taxonomies in Version 2.0

Industry: NAICS (Industry codes - US Govt.)

Product/Services: Standard Industrial Classification, USPSC

Location: Geographical taxonomy (GGC, ISOGT)

Implemented as name-value pairs to allow any valid taxonomy identifier to be attached to the business white page


Green Pages

New set of information businesses use to describe how to “do e-commerce” with them

Nested modelBusiness processes

Service descriptions

Binding information

Programming/platform/implementation independent

Services can also be categorized


More Details

UDDI

SOAP

WSDL


BPEL: An Emerging Standard

Goal: specification for automating complex business processes.BPEL (Business Process Execution Language for Web services) will make it easier for businesses to create Web services applications that automate multi-step business processes, e.g. insurance claimsThe proposal was led by IBM, Microsoft, BEA Systems, and SAP.Submitted to the OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) technical committee under royalty-free terms.


Digital Trust Services Framework

By VeriSign

Authentication

Authorization

Transaction service, e.g. bill payment

Security standards: XKMS (XML Key Management Specification)

SAML (Security Assertions Markup Language)


The Web Programming Model

More loosely coupled that traditional distributed programming models like RPC, DCOM, and CORBA.

Simple Web client-server interactionExchange Messages that carry MIME-typed data

Semantics of a message can be modified using headers

The destination of a message is specified indirectly using a URL, and this level of indirection can be leveraged to implement load balancing, session tracking and other features


Architectural Characteristics of WS

Distributed

Loosely-coupled

Standards-based

Process-centric


Promise of Web Service

CIOs surveyed by Basex Inc.

60% expect their Web services initiatives to be profitable within the next two years.

90% see it happening within the next five years.

Jupiter Media Metrix survey of IT managers

50% see web services technology as a way to cut software integration costs.


Web Services: The Trend

A September survey of IT execs by Forrester Research reported that

85% of respondents planned to deploy Web services by 2004.

Up from 71% a year ago.

IT managers see web services technology as a way to cut software integration costs.


Let me talk to you (SOAP)Let me talk to you (SOAP)

Web Services (In Practice)

DesignDesign--Time or DynamicTime or Dynamic RuntimeRuntime

How do we talk? (WSDL)How do we talk? (WSDL)

http://http://yourservice.comyourservice.com/?WSDL/?WSDL

XML with service descriptionsXML with service descriptions

http://yourservice.com/svc1http://yourservice.com/svc1

XML/SOAP BODYXML/SOAP BODY

Web Web ServiceService

WebWebService Service

ConsumerConsumer

UDDIUDDI

Find a ServiceFind a Service

http://http://www.uddi.orgwww.uddi.org

Link to WSDL documentLink to WSDL document


Web Services Platforms

Application Servers: Provide tools for application development and Support efficient execution of applications

.NET MicrosoftJ2EE

IBM WebSphereOracle Oracle 9i Application ServerSun Sun ONE (iPlanet)HP HP Web Service Platform, eSpeakBEA Systems WebLogicSybase EAServer

Open Source: JBoss, JOnAS


Web Services Supporters

Microsoft .NET My Services

IBM

Sun

HP

BEA Systems

Oracle


Microsoft

Next year the software giant will release .Net My Services, an initiative formerly known as HailStormthat will deliver content, shopping, banking and other services over a variety of devices ranging from cell phones to PCs and handhelds.The massive operation will employ a global network of Web servers to house all manner of personal information, including e-mail accounts, address books, credit card numbers and photographs.On the infrastructure end, Microsoft is selling a family of e-business software for companies to create and run Web services, which include its forthcoming Visual Studio.Net development tools.


IBM

Big Blue has built support for Web services into its WebSphere application-server software and offers Visual Age tools for building applications.WebSphere includes technology that runs transactions for Web sites and links to IBM's DB2 database software, which stores vast amounts of corporate and Web information, and its Tivoli Web services manager, which monitors performance of such products.IBM's Global Services arm is also said to be planning a move into the hosting end of Web services.


Sun

The company is building support for Web services standards SOAP, UDDI and WSDL into its iPlanet e-business software products, including its application-server software.By the end of 2002, Sun will add the existing Web services standards into Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE), the Java standard for writing business software.The company says it will also release a tool for building Web services next year and is working on technology that will allow Java-based Web services to be compatible with Microsoft's .Net operations.


HP

The computing giant has the potential to be a major player, but it remains to be seen whether the hardware maker can make inroads into the software market. "HP and BEA are likely to have a significant play, and Sun's iPlanet is making some headway and will eventually catch up. HP has an edge because they had the idea before with E-speak," said analyst Mike Gilpin of Giga Information Group.


BEA Systems

BEA was not as focused on Web services as IBM a few years ago.As the market leader in application-server infrastructure software, BEA is typically one of the quickest to get products out, and is expected to be highly competitive.BEA WebLogic Server won the 2002 Web Services Journal Editor's Choice Awards.

Best Web Services Application ServerBest Middleware - BEA WebLogic

BEA's integrated development environment simplifies the creation of Web services for a broad range of developers.


Oracle

The database leader is moving in two directions on Web services.

First it is adding support for XML, SOAP, UDDI and WSDL to its 9i database-management software, application-server software and development tools so that its customers can use Web services in new systems.Second, it is developing Web-outfitted versions of its sales and customer relationship management software.

Oracle 9i Application Server Web Services


Web Services: Promises vs. Reality

PromisesCan compose servicesDistributedPlatform-independentHeterogeneousCan be discovered via UDDI registryAll potentially developed and deployed independently

RealityYesYesYesYes?

?


Web Services Online Resources

W3C Web Services Standardshttp://www.w3c.org/2002/ws/

SOAP documenthttp://www.w3.org/TR/2003/REC-soap12-part0-20030624/

AXIS documenthttp://ws.apache.org/axis/java/architecture-guide.html

WSDL documenthttp://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-wsdl20-20031110

UDDI documenthttp://uddi.org/pubs/uddi-v3.0.1-20031014.htm


The Alphabet Soup of Web Services

SOAP, UDDI, WSDL, XMLGXA (Global XML Web Services Architecture)

WS-SecurityWS-RoutingWS-Referral

WS-PolicyWS-AddressingSDIGDIME (Direct Internet Message Encapsulation)SOA (Service Oriented Architecture)


Midterm Report

Pick a specific topic from the listSign up at http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~r92109/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/PresentList

Present it in class on March 14th, 2004Submit your slides

Extra bonusInstall and demonstrate how it works

Comparison of competing technologies/platforms

Maximum team size: 2 students

web services ppt

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