Learning Challenge

Work Booklet

What makes the earth angry?

Name: ___________________

Spring 1 – Volcanoes

Where on Earth?

Using an Atlas (or the resource bank) on the world map label the following:

· The continents

· The equator and the tropics

· The Northern and Southern Hemispheres

Where on Earth?

Using a world map, locate the following volcanos:

· Mt Vesuvius,

· Krakatoa

· Mt Fuji

· Mt Kilimanjaro

· Villarrica

· Mt St Helens

· Erebus

Resource bank

Are there any Volcanos in the United Kingdom?

Using an atlas, on your map label the following countries:

England

Scotland

Wales

Northern Ireland

The following capital cities:

London

Edinburgh

Cardiff

Belfast

The following Seas:

English Channel

North sea

Irish Sea

Celtic sea

Lastly Locate Arthur’s seat.

Why is our Earth so special?

On the diagram below, label the different layers that make up our plant. USE A RULER!

The Crust

The Mantle

The Outer Core

The Inner Core

Challenge: Using the information on the previous sheet, can you research one of the earth’s layers?

What are the layers of the Earth?

Can you draw your own diagram and label each of the Earth’s layers?

How are volcanos formed?

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/topics/z849q6f/articles/zd9cxyc

Can you put the following boxes in the order in which they occur?

Magma is lighter than rock so rises towards the Earth's surface. As the magma rises, bubbles of gas form inside it

Volcanoes erupt when molten rock called magma rises to the surface. Magma is formed when the earth's mantle melts.

If magma is thick, gas bubbles cannot easily escape and pressure builds up as the magma rises.

When the pressure is too much an explosive eruption can happen, which can be dangerous and destructive.

What are the different features of a volcano?

1. On the next page can you draw your own volcano?

2. Label it with features in the table below.

Vent

Ash Cloud

Conduit

Crater

Throat

Magma Reservoir

3. Describe the three stages: active, dormant, extinct.

Use the resources below and the volcano glossary to help you.

An underground passage which magma travels through.

The mouth of a volcano. It surrounds the vent.

A cloud of ash. It is formed by volcanic explosions

The entrance of a volcano. It ejects lava and volcanic ash.

An opening in the surface of the Earth through which volcanic materials, such as magma, can escape.

A large underground pool of liquid rock found beneath the surface of the Earth.

My diagram of a volcano

Look at the 2 images below, one showing where volcanos occur and one of where the tectonic plates that make up the crust are. What do you notice?

https://www.dkfindout.com/uk/earth/volcanoes/where-are-earths-volcanoes/

What causes a volcano to erupt?

Watch the video and take notes. Then using your notes and your previous work, describe why a volcano erupts.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/44100737

Can you draw an eruption?

Volcanic eruption fact sheet

Complete the 2 spider diagrams to compare and contrast the differences between the 2 eruptions.

· Where are they located in the world?

· When did they erupt?

· Did anybody lose their lives?

· A fun fact that you like.

Use the box below to make notes during your research:

Arthurs’s Seat

Arthur’s Seat is an extinct volcano, which erupted around 340 million years ago. At that time, Scotland was a very different place, located close to the Equator. The rocks of Holyrood Park give us some clues about what it was like in the past. Layers of sandstone formed in shallow lagoons close to the sea. Many explosive eruptions of the volcano created volcanic ash, and lava flows formed in quieter eruptions. In the hundreds of millions of years since it stopped erupting, the volcano has been buried beneath other rocks.

Mt St Helens – North America

The 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption was the most destructive in U.S. history. Fifty-seven people died, and thousands of animals were killed, according to USGS. More than 200 homes were destroyed, and more than 185 miles of roads and 15 miles of railways were damaged. Ash clogged sewage systems, damaged cars and buildings, and temporarily shut down air traffic over the Northwest.

Mt St Helens

Arthur’s Seat

https://kids.kiddle.co/Mount_St._Helens

https://kids.kiddle.co/Arthur%27s_Seat

Can I create a fact-file for some of the world’s volcanos?

https://www.natgeokids.com/uk/discover/geography/physical-geography/volcano-facts/

Choose 3 volcanoes. For each volcano answer each of these questions:

· What is its location in the world?

· Can you find some information about its eruptions?

· One interesting fact

Letter Plan

Collecting vocabulary

Write down 6 words you could use to describe the picture

What do you know about St Helens?

1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Quick questions to ask the reader of the letter:

1. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Would you like to live there?

Circle YES or NO

Give a reason for your answer using a conjunction to explain.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Opening Line

Write what your reaction would be if you saw this picture in real life from where you lived

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

What would it be like to live near St Helens?

Using your plan, you are going to write a letter to a person who lives near the North American volcano, St Helens.

In the letter your aim is to show off your geographical knowledge of volcanos and what you learnt so far!

Success Criteria:

T

Me

· To know and locate the countries and cities of the volcanoes studied

· Tell the reader about a volcano in the UK (Arthur’s Seat)

· Tell the reader the Earth’s crust is made up of tectonic plates and that fault lines exist between the plates

· Tell the reader why volcanos occur

· Tell the reader about the types (dormant or active)

· Tell the reader about key geographical features of a volcano