Chapter 16: Skin

A. Select from the following terms to complete the sentences below:

adipocytedermismelanin

basal layerkeratinsebum

collagenlunulastratum corneum cuticle

1. A fat cell is a/an_________________________________

2. The half-moon-shaped white area at the base of a nail is the______

3. A structural protein found in skin and connective tissue is_________

4. A pigment found in the epidermis is_____________________

5. The deepest region of the epidermis is the___________________

6. The outermost layer of the epidermis, which consists of flattened, keratinized cells, is the _________________________________

7. An oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands is____________

8. The middle layer of the skin is the___________________________

9. A hard, protein material found in epidermis, hair, and nail is ______

10. A band of epidermis at the base and sides of the nail plate is the_________________

B. Complete the following terms based on their meanings as given below:

1. the outermost layer of skin:epi___________________

2. profuse sweating: dia____________________________

3. excessive secretion from sebaceous glands: sebo_____________

4. inflammation and swelling of soft tissue around a nail: par_______

5. fungal infection of hands and feet:dermato_________________

6. burning sensation (pain) in skin:caus______________

C. Match the terms with descriptive meanings and write the letter of the answer in the space provided:

A. connective tissue layer of skin

B. surgical procedure to scrape away tissue

C. flat, scale-like cells

D. connective tissue protein

E. pigment deficiency of the skin

F. contains a dark pigment

G. redness of skin

H. contains lipocytes

I. oil-producing organ

J. knife used to burn through tissue

1. squamous epithelium___________

2. sebaceous gland_______________

3. albinism______________________

4. electrocautery__________________

5. subcutaneous tissue_______________

6. collagen_________________________

7. dermis__________________________

8. melanocyte______________________

9. erythema______________________

10. dermabrasion__________________

D. Build medical terms based on the definitions and word parts given:

1. pertaining to under the skin: sub_____________________

2. abnormal condition of lack of sweat: an____________________

3. abnormal condition of proliferation of horny, keratinized cells: kerat________

4. abnormal condition of dry, scaly skin:________________osis

5. loosening of the epidermis: epidermo___________________

6. yellow tumor (nodule under the skin):___________________oma

7. pertaining to under the nail: sub_________________________

8. abnormal condition of excessive hair growth: hyper_____________

9. abnormal condition of nail fungus:onycho______________

10. removal of wrinkles: _____________________ectomy

E. Give the meanings for the following combining forms:

1. melan/o_____________________

2. adip/o________________________

3. squam/o_______________________

4. xanth/0_________________________

5. myc/o___________________________

6. onych/o__________________________

7. pil/o______________________________

8. xer/o______________________________

9. trich/o______________________________

10. erythem/o____________________________

11. albin/o________________________________

12. ichthy/o________________________________

13. hidr/o___________________________________

14. ungu/o___________________________________

15. cauter/o___________________________________

16. steat/o_____________________________________

17. rhytid/o______________________________________

18. py/o_________________________________________

19. hydr/o_________________________________________

20. cutane/o_________________________________________

F. Match each of the (figure 16-25) on Page 681

crust (scab)maculepustule

cystnoduleulcer

erosionpapulevesicle

fissurepolypwheal

G. Give the medical terms for the following:

1. baldness______________________________

2. bluish black mark (macule)caused by hemorrhage into the skin__________

3. itching______________________________

4. acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin___________________

5. blackhead____________________________

6. small, pinpoint hemorrhages___________________

H. Match the pathologic skin condition with its description below:

acne vulgarisbasal cell carcinomadecubitus ulcer

eczemagangreneimpetigo

malignant melanomapsoriasisscleroderma

squamous cell carcinomasystemic lupus erythematosus tinea

1. malignant neoplasm originating is scale-like cells of the epidermis_________

2. buildup of sebum and keratin in pores of the skin leading to papular and pustular eruptions______________________________

3. fungal skin infection____________________________

4. chronic disease marked by hardening and shrinking of connective tissue in the skin_________________________________________

5. bedsore_________________________________________

6. necrosis of skin tissue resulting from ischemia________________

7. chronic or acute inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, pustular, or papular lesions________________________________

8. widespread inflammatory disease of the joints and collagen of the skin with butterfly rash on the face_________________________

9. cancerous tumor composed of melanocytes__________________

10. chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by silvery-gray scales covering red patches on the skin__________________________

11. malignant neoplasm originating in the basal layer of the epidermis__________________________

12. contagious, infectious pyoderma______________________

I. Circle the term that best fits the definition given:

1. contagious parasitic infection with intense pruritus:(scleroderma, scabies)

2. measles:(rubella, rubeola)

3. chickenpox: (varicella, eczema)

4. thickened excess cicatrix (scar): (tinea, keloid)

5. white patches on mucous membrane of tongue or inner cheek: (leukoplakia, albinism)

6. characterized by rash: (gangrene, exanthematous)

7. thickening of epidermis related to sunlight exposure: (actinic keratosis, callus)

8. small, pinpoint hemorrhages: (psoriasis, petechiae)

9. large blisters: (bullae, pustules)

10. hyperpigmented macule or papule of skin (mole): (nevus, verruca)

11. sac of fluid and hair over sacral region: (ecchymosis, pilonidal cyst)

12. acute allergic reaction in which hives develop: (vitiligo, urticaria)

J. Describe the following types of burns:

1. second-degree burn________________

2. first-degree burn____________________

3. third-degree burn____________________

K. Match the following medical terms with their more common meanings below:

alopeciaexanthemtinea pedis

comedonesneviurticaria

decubitus ulcerpruritusverrucae

ecchymosisseborrheic dermatitisvesicles

1. blackheads___________________________

2. moles________________________________

3. baldness_______________________________

4. itching__________________________________

5. hives____________________________________

6. bedsore__________________________________

7. warts_____________________________________

8. athletes foot________________________________

9. black-and-blue mark_________________________

10. dandruff____________________________________

11. blisters_______________________________________

12. rash__________________________________________

L. Describe how the following conditions affect the skin:

1. pyoderma_____________________

2. xerosis__________________________

3. leukoderma________________________

4. erythema___________________________

5. callus______________________________

6. keloid_______________________________

7. gangrene_____________________________

M. Give short answers to complete the following sentences:

1. Two skin tests for allergy are___________and______________.

2. The____________test is an intradermal test for diphtheria.

3. The ___________test and the___________test are skin test for tuberculosis.

4. Purulent means______________________________

5. A surgical procedure to core out a disk of skin for microscopic analysis is a/an________________________________.

6. The procedure in which thin layers of malignant growth are removed and each is examined under the microscope is________________

7. A type of skin cancer associated with AIDS and marked by dark blue-purple lesions over the skin is_________________________

8. Abnormal, premalignant moles are___________________________

9. Removal of skin tissue using a cut parallel to the surface of the surrounding skin is called a/an______________________________

10. Destruction of tissue using intensely cold temperatures is_______________

11. Scraping away skin to remove acne scars and fine wrinkles on the skin is________________________

12. Removal of subcutaneous fat tissue by aspiration is__________

13. Destruction of tissue using an electric spark is______________

14. Use of a sharp, spoon-like instrument to scrape away tissue is___________________________________

N. Circle the term that best completes the meaning of the sentence:

1. Since he was a teenager, Jim had had red, scaly patches on his elbows and the front of his knees. Dr. Horn diagnosed Jims dermatologic condition as (vitiligo, impetigo, psoriasis) and prescribed a special cream.

2. Clarissa noticed a rash across the bridge of her nose and aching in her joints. She saw a rheumatologist, who did some blood work and diagnosed her condition as (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma).

3. Bea had large red plaques develop all over her trunk and neck after eating shrimp. The doctor prescribed hydrocortisone cream to relieve her itching (seborrhea, acne, urticaria).

4. The poison ivy Maggie touched caused very uncomfortable (pruritus, calluses, keratosis), and she was scratching her arms raw.

5. Kelly was fair-skinned with red hair. She had many benign nevi on her arms and legs, but Dr. Keefe was especially worried about one pigmented lesion with an irregular, raised border, which he biopsied and found to be malignant (melanoma, Kaposi sarcoma, pyoderma).

6. After 5 days of high fever, 3-year-old Sadie developed a red rash all over her body. The pediatrician described it as a viral (eczema, purpura, exanthem) and told her mother it was a case of (rubeola, impetigo, scabies).

7. Several months after her surgery, Mabels scar became raised had thickened and grew beyond the boundaries of the incision. It had (atrophied, stratified, hypertrophied), and her physician described it as a (nevus, verruca, keloid).

8. Perry had a bad habit of biting his nails and picking at the (follicle, cuticle, subcutaneous tissue) surrounding his nails. Often, he developed inflammation and swelling of the soft tissue around the nail, a condition known as (onychomycosis, onycholysis, paronychia).

9. Brenda noticed a small papillomatous wart on her hand. Her (oncologist, dermatologist, psychologist) explained that it was a (pustule, polyp, verruca) and was caused by (bacterium, virus, toxin). The doctor suggested removing it by (Mohs surgery, cryosurgery, dilation and curettage).

10. Sarah, a teenager, was self-conscious about the inflammatory lesions of papules and pustules on her face. She noticed blackheads or (wheals, bullar, open comedones) and whiteheads (closed comedones). She was advised to begin taking antibiotics and applying topical medications to treat her (acne vulgaris, scleroderma, gangrene).

Chapter 16: Skin

Answers

A.

1. adipocyte

2. lunula

3. collagen

4. melanin

5. basal layer

6. stratum corneum

7. sebum

8. dermis

9. keratin

10. cuticle

B.

1. epidermis

2. diaphoresis

3. seborrhea

4. paronychia

5. dermatophytosis or dermatomycosis (tinea)

6. causalgia

C.

1. C

2. I

3. E

4. J

5. H

6. D

7. A

8. F

9. G

10. B

D.

1. subcutaneous

2. anhidrosis

3. keratosis

4. ichthyosis

5. epidermolysis

6. xanthoma

7. subungual

8. hypertrichosis

9. onychomycosis

10. rhytidectomy

E.

1. black

2. fat

3. scale-like

4. yellow

5. fungus

6. nail

7. hair

8. dry

9. hair

10. redness

11. white

12. scaly, dry

13. sweat

14. nail

15. heat, burn

16. fat

17. wrinkle

18. pus

19. water

20. skin

F.

1. pustule

2. wheal

3. cyst

4. vesicle

5. crust (scab)

6. polyp

7. macule

8. erosion

9. nodule

10. fissure

11. ulcer

12. papule

G.

1. alopecia

2. ecchymosis

3. pruritus

4. urticaria

5. comedo

6. petechiae

H.

1. squamous cell carcinoma

2. acne vulgaris

3. tinea

4. scleroderma

5. decubitus ulcer

6. gangrene

7. eczema

8. systemic lupus erythematosus

9. malignant melanoma

10. psoriasis

11. basal cell carcinoma

12. impetigo

I.

1. scabies

2. rubeola

3. varicella

4. keloid

5. leukoplakia

6. exanthematous

7. actinic keratosis

8. petechiae

9. bullae

10. nevus

11. pilonidal cyst

12. urticaria

J.

1. damage to the epidermis and dermis with blisters, erythema, and hyperesthesia

2. damage to the epidermis with erythema and hyperesthesia; no blisters

3. destruction of both epidermis and dermis and damage to subcutaneous layer

K.

1. comedones

2. nevi

3. alopecia

4. pruritus

5. urticaria

6. decubitus ulcer

7. verrucae

8. tinea pedis

9. ecchymosis

10. seborrheic dermatitis

11. vesicles

12. exanthem

L.

1. collection of pus in the skin

2. dry skin

3. white patches of skin (vitiligo)

4. redness of skin

5. increased growth of epidermal horny-layer cells due to excess pressure or friction

6. thickened, hypertrophied scar tissue

7. necrosis (death) of skin tissue

M.

1. scratch test; patch test

2. Schick

3. Mantoux: PPD

4. pus-filled

5. punch biopsy

6. Mohs surgery

7. Kaposi sarcoma

8. dysplastic nevi

9. shave biopsy

10. cryosurgery

11. dermabrasion

12. liposuction

13. electrodesiccation

14. curettage

N.

1. psoriasis

2. systemic lupus erythematosus

3. urticaria

4. pruritus

5. melanoma

6. exanthem; rubeola

7. hypertrophied; keloid

8. cuticle; paronychia

9. dermatologist; verruca; virus; cryosurgery

10. open comedones; acne vulgaris