DRAFT

The 30th Annual National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium

April 8 – 10, 2018

Schedule of Presentations and Events

Preliminary Program March 1, 2018

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Planning Committee

History of NERR

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2018 NERR Symposium

Sunday, April 8, 2018

10:00 a.m. – 5:30 p.m. Registration

1:00 – 1:20 Welcome and Opening RemarksNERR 2018 Chair, David K. Loomis, East Carolina University

1:30 – 3:00 p.m. Session I

1:30 – 3:00 p.m., Sunday Session I-A: Tourism Development

Facilitator:

Work Environment Impact on Tour Leaders’ Quality of Life. Brendali Carrillo, Carla Barbieri, Whitney Knollenberg and Michael Edwards, North Carolina State University.

Graphic Images of the Silk Road for Heritage Tourism. Philip Wang and Benjamin R. Martinez, Kent State University.

The Allure of National Park Lodges. Philip Wang and Gabrielle M. Jones, Kent State University.

1:30 – 3:00 p.m., Sunday Session I-B: Tourism Marketing

Facilitator:

Examining Service Quality and its Effects on Visitor’s Satisfaction and Future Intention: The Case of Local Festival. Joohyn Lee and Brittany Williams, Eastern Mennonite University.

Marketing Dubai Tourism: Of Imaginations and Personalities. Philip Wang and Aseel Bondagjy, Kent State University.

Immersive Virtual Tourism and Implications for Destination Marketing. I-Chun Wu, Middle Tennessee State University.

Understanding Success of Women in Agritourism: The Effect of Farm Household Factors. Ann E. Savage, North Colorado State University, Carla Barbieri, North Carolina State University.

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1:30 – 3:00 p.m., Sunday Session I-C: Social Impacts

Facilitator:

Great New England Air Show Social Impact Analysis: An Examination of Attendee Perspectives. Rod Warnick, Tiffany S. Legendre and Akshaya Pawar, University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Perceived Ownership, Social Cohesion, and Civic Engagement: A Case Study at America’s Oldest Botanical Garden. Lauren E. Mullenbach, Andrew J. Mowen, Birgitta L. Baker, Jacob Benfield, The Pennsylvania State University, and Benjamin Hickerson, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.

Impacts of the SJSU Community Garden on Student Welfare. Joshua W.R. Baur and Mark Batchelor, San Jose State University.

Examining the Role of a Negative Social Representation on Resident Recreation. Phileshia Dombroski, Lock Haven University.

3:00 – 3:30 P.M. Break

3:30 – 5:00 p.m., Sunday Session II

3:30 – 5:00 p.m., Sunday Session II-A: Outdoor Recreation

Facilitator:

Wanderlost: Increased Visitor Use and Benefit-Achievement in Grand Teton National Park’s String and Leigh Lakes. William L. Rice, B. Derrick Taff, and Peter Newman, The Pennsylvania State University, Jennifer N. Newton, Grand Teton National Park, Christopher A. Monz, Utah State University, and Ashley L. D’Antonio, Oregon State University.

Monitoring Recreation Use in Michigan’s Pere Marquette Scenic River Corridor: Summer 1997 and 2017. Charles Nelson and Tom Mueller, Michigan State University.

Winter Recreationist Motivations: Motorized, Non-Motorized and Hybrids. Jerry J. Vaske, Colorado State University, and Aubrey E. Miller, University of Otago, New Zealand.

The Dirty Kanza and #200women200miles: Understanding Female Participation in Ultra-Endurance Gravel Racing. J. Tom Mueller and Alan R. Graefe, The Pennsylvania State University.

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3:30 – 5:00 p.m., Sunday Session II-B: RoundTable I

Empirically Understanding Visitors: Applying Human Dimensions Research At The Local Land Management Level

Facilitators: Deonne R. VanderWoude and Colin R LeslieCity of Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks Human Dimensions Program

The City of Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks (OSMP) is an urban-proximate open space district situated in the Front Range of Colorado. To successfully plan for and manage high visitation, managers must develop a scientifically defensible, empirical understanding of visitation dynamics on open space. This management round table will introduce participants to some of the scientific theories and methods employed by the OSMP Human Dimensions Program to empirically quantify visitation on open space during a recent year-long system-scale visitation study. In particular, the round table will focus on methods for quantifying visitation dynamics using automated trail counters and gathering visitor characteristics using on-site intercept surveys. Specific topics to be covered are: paired sample design, methods selection, implementation/operationalization, analysis, and reporting. We will also briefly cover management applications, such as visitor management strategies, policy creation, and adaptively modifying on-going operations.

3:30 – 5:00 p.m., Sunday Session II-C: Resource Management I

Facilitator:

Rules Governing Recreation in Selected USFS Wildernesses: Comparing Agency Websites with Special Orders. Carol Griffin, Grand Valley State University.

Youth Engagement For Forest Plan Revisions: Roleplaying to Understand Values. Christopher J. Wynveen and Kelli K. McMahan, Baylor University.

Exploring the Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Visitor Flows in a National Park With a GPS-Based Mobile Application. Jinwon Kim, Brijesh Thapa and Eunjung Yang, University of Florida.

Preliminary Analysis of Social Media Themed-Videos and Ethnicity/Race Effects on Youth Outdoor Behavioral Intentions. William W. Hendricks, Keri Schwab, Marni Goldenberg, Jerusha Greenwood, P. Brian Greenwood and Lindsey Higgins, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, and Susan Houge Mackenzie, University of Otago.

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5:15 – 6:15, Sunday Poster Session and Reception

Universal Accessibility: A Case Study in Accessible Recreation in a Rural Community. Daniel Pilgreen, Paige P. Viren and Christina Brown-Bochichio, East Carolina University.

Public Support for Local Park and Recreation Opportunities and Alternative Funding Sources: An Examination of Constituent Perceptions in a Rural Community. Madison A. Birchfield and David Graefe, Marshall University.

Industrial Archaeology: Protection of Heritage Sites in Parks and Protected Areas. Robert Bristow, Westfield State University.

The Role of Classroom Design in Facilitating Student Engagement in Active Learning. Samantha Powers, Sean McLaughlin, Bob Barcelona and Nate Trauntvein, University of New Hampshire.

The Alphabet Theory’s Suitability for Examining Consumer Behavior in the Context of Agritourism: A Proposal. Sara Brune, Whitney Knollenberg, Kathryn Stevenson, Elke Grether and Carla Barbieri, North Carolina State University.

Who Buy Duck Stamps? Exploring the Contributions of Birders to Federally-funded Wildlife Conservation Efforts. Nathan J. Shipley, University of Illinois, Lincoln R. Larson and, Caren B. Cooper, North Carolina State University, Kathy Dale, Geoff S. LeBaron and John Y. Takekawa, Audubon Society.

Investigating the Impact of Crying on Tourists’ Well-Being: A Proposed Study. Linan Zhang, Jie Gao and Yawei Wang, Montclair State University.

How the Outdoor Reality Show Influences Consumers’ Travel Intention? A Case Study in China. Min Liu, Jie Gao and Aili Liu, Montclair State University.

Green Exercise: The Psychological Effects of Exercising in Nature. Sara Galbaith and Luke Haile, Bloomsburg University of Pennsylvania.

Developing an Instrument to Measure How Agritourism May Build Agricultural Literacy. Elke Grether, Kathryn Stevenson, Whitney Knollenberg, Sara Brune and Carla Barbieri, North Carolina State University.

A Needs Assessment for Using Social Media Data for Recreation Management in the Northern Forest. Joshua Badding, Diane M. Kuehn, James Gibbs and Wendy Burgess, SUNY ESF, Alden Sampson and Marshall Moutenout, Upstream PBC.

Contested Terrain: Attitudes of Lakota People Toward Wind Cave National Park. Dave Smaldone and Adam Rossi, West Virginia University.

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Give a Man a Fish: A Call for Separate Management of Subsistence and Recreational Fishing. Liz Brown-Pickren and Alex Manda, East Carolina University.

The New Student Life Center’s Impact on College Student Recruitment, Retention, Performance, Health and Well-Being. Sharon Todd, SUNY Cortland.

Understanding the Perceptual Qualities of a Lost Landscape: A Modified Delphi Approach to Inform Pine Barrens Restoration. Paul Gobster, USDA Forest Service, Ingrid E. Schneider, University of Minnesota, Arne Arnberger, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria, Michael Dockry and Kristen Floress, USDA Forest Service, and Anna Haines, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point.

Social Media Platform Use & Engagement Among Select US Federal Agencies: Opportunities and Implications. Ingrid E. Schneider, Melissa Peck and Alex Spitzer, University of Minnesota.

Constraint to Travel: Focus on Oldest-Old. Bob D. Lee, Bowling Green State University.

The Beginning Stages of Goose Hunter Specialization: An Analysis of White-fronted Goose Hunters in Illinois. Kristina B. Hartley, University of Illinois and Craig A. Miller, Illinois Natural History Survey.

Specific Locations Within United States National Parks May Elicit Specific Positive Affect. Steven R. Hanna, Derrick Taff, Heather J. Costigan and Joshua M. Smyth, The Pennsylvania State University.

6:30 – 8:30 p.m., Sunday Buffet Dinner

7:15 p.m., Sunday Founder’s Forum Speaker

Dr. Gerard T. KyleDepartment of Recreation, Park and Tourism ScienceTexas A&M University

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Monday, April 9, 2018

7:00 a.m. – 5:30 a.m. Registration

8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Monday Session III

8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Monday Session III-A: Economics

Facilitator:

Estimating Recreation and its Economic Contributions in Puerto Rico. Danielle Schwarzmann, National Marine Sanctuary Foundation.

To Fee or Not to Fee for Accessing State Parks. Hung-Ling Liu, South Dakota State University, and I-Chun Wu, Middle Tennessee State University.

The Economics of Recreational Angling - Assessing the Impact and Value of the Lake Erie Fishery. Michael D. Ferguson, University of New Hampshire, Alan R. Graefe and Andy Mowen, The Pennsylvania State University.

Cognitive Antecedents to Support for Public and Private Delivery of Park and Recreation Services. Nicholas Pitas, Andy Mowen and Tom Mueller, The Pennsylvania State University.

8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Monday Session III-B: Human Dimensions of Wildlife I

Facilitator:

Dove Hunters’ Beliefs, Motivations and Use of Nontoxic Shot. Todd Franks, Colorado State University, Craig A. Miller, Illinois Natural History Survey, and Jerry J. Vaske, Colorado State University.

Snow Goose Outfitters, Harvest, and Hunter Satisfaction. Daniel T. Sears and Craig A. Miller, Illinois Natural History Survey.

A Latent Class Analysis of Illinois Waterfowl Hunters' Experience Preferences. Adam C. Landon and Craig A. Miller, University of Illinois.

Investigating the Effects of Past Experience on Tolerance for Multiple Large Carnivores. Benjamin Ghasemi and Gerard T. Kyle, Texas A&M University.

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8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Monday Session III-C: Technology

Facilitator:

Decision Making in the Backcountry While Carrying a Cellular Phone. Quinn S. Linford, Texas A&M University, Brian J. Hill, Brigham Young University, Camilla J. Hodge, University of Utah and Neil Lundberg and Dennis L. Eggett, Brigham Young University.

From S’MORES to Selfies: Understanding Visitor Connections to Technology in an Urban-Proximate Forest. Roslynn Powell and Laura Anderson, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, and Kristin Floress, U.S. Forest Service.

Technology in National Parks: How Important Is it to Park Visitors? David Pettebone, and Brett Meldrum, National Park Service.

Tents, Trails, and “Tweets”?: Visitor Connections to Technology in a Remote National Forest. Laura Anderson and Roslynn Powell, University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, and Kristin Floress, U.S. Forest Service.

9:30 – 10:00 A.M. Break

10:00 – 11:30 a.m. Session IV

10:00 – 11:30 a.m., Monday Session IV-A: Place

Facilitator:

Considering Place Attachment and Pets: Can a Pooch Influence Sense of Place? Ingrid E. Schneider, University of Minnesota, Arne Arnberger, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria, and Amy Shaunette, University of Minnesota.

Exploring the Relationship Between Physical Attributes and Subjective Dimensions of Place. Maxwell Olsen and Alan R. Graefe, The Pennsylvania State University.

Roller Skating as a Way into the Big City: A Case Study on Migrant Workers’ Informal Leisure Activities in Guangzho. Minhui Lin, The Pennsylvania State University.

Immanuel Kant Goes to America. Philip Wang, Kent State University.

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10:00 – 11:30 a.m., Monday Session IV-B: RoundTable II

Addressing Challenges for Estimating Visitation in Parks with Porous Borders: NationalMarine Sanctuaries

Facilitators: Danielle Schwarzmann and Chiara Zuccarino-CroweNational Marine Sanctuary Foundation for NOAA’s Office of National MarineSanctuaries

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office of National Marine Sanctuaries (ONMS) serves as the trustee for a network of underwater parks encompassing more than 620,000 square miles of marine and Great Lakes waters. National marine sanctuaries are managed for the conservation of their natural and cultural resources, while supporting sustainable recreation and tourism.

Understanding visitation to a sanctuary is one of the first steps to accurately estimating associated economic contributions. Sanctuaries may be located along shorelines or they may lack a coastal boundary when located off shore. These geographic locations result in unique challenges to counting visitors, especially when such data collection must be cost-effective. Sanctuaries by their inherent design have porous borders, meaning they have multiple access points that make counting to arrive at visitation estimates an unrealistic approach.

Traditional approaches, such as random samples of a population work well in larger sanctuaries located along coastlines. However, when a sanctuary is off-shore or more difficult to access, a random population sample has a small probability of selecting a person who has visited a sanctuary.

This roundtable seeks to convene a discussion on how sanctuaries have estimated visitation to date, and explore approaches to addressing gaps in the ability to count visitation given limited resources.

10:00 – 11:30 a.m., Monday Session IV-C: Measurement I

Facilitator:

Measurement Invariance of a Place Attachment Scale Across Multiple Sites. Wen Zhao and Jerry J. Vaske, Colorado State University.

How to Measure the Integrative Complexity of Thought Regarding Natural Resource Issues. Mary E. Allen and David K. Loomis, East Carolina University.

Application of Objective Standards and Indicators for Visitor Management. David Pettebone and Brett Meldrum, National Park Service, and Steve Lawson, Resource Systems Group.

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12:00 – 1:45 p.m. Lunch & Keynote Address

Bret MeldrumChief Social Scientist, National Park Service, Washington Office

An Increasing Need for and Recognition of Social Science Information in National Parks

Bret serves as the Chief Social Scientist for the National Park Service Washington Office (WASO) and is based out of Fort Collins, Colorado. His expertise is in social science methods, visitor use research and monitoring having worked on numerous scientific projects across parks intended to inform planning and management applications. Previous to being a WASO employee, Bret worked for six years at Yosemite National Park as both their Visitor Use and Impacts Monitoring Coordinator and Chief of the Visitor Use and Social Science Branch. Academically, he holds a B.S. in Recreation, Parks and Tourism Resources from West Virginia University, a M.S. in Conservation Social Sciences from the University of Idaho where he also served as a research assistant for the Park Studies Unit. Concurrently with his federal position, Bret is pursuing his Ph.D. at Colorado State University in Human Dimensions of Natural Resources. 

2:00 – 3:30 p.m. Session V

2:00 – 3:30 p.m., Monday Session V-A: RoundTable III

Parks for ALL – Assessing Diversity and Inclusion in Michigan’s National Parks.

Facilitators: Mark Gleason and Michael Scantlebury, Grand Valley State University.

The US National Park Service (NPS) preserves designated ecological and historical sites making them available for public enjoyment. In Michigan the NPS employs 20,000 persons and recorded approximately 2.7 million visitors who generate approximately $235 million in economic benefit. This project assesses diversity and inclusion in Michigan’s five National Parks: Isle Royale; Keweenaw; Pictured Rocks; River Basin and Sleeping Bear Dunes. Undergraduate hospitality research students, as part of their academic preparation, will examine diversity and inclusion at the Michigan NPS sites. They will use content analysis and analyze secondary data associated with the on-line presence of the Michigan NPS sites. Their findings will be presented. Next steps in the assessment will be developed in collaboration with NERR symposium attendees.

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2:00 – 3:30 p.m., Monday Session V-B: Measurement II

Facilitator:

Determining Predictors of Goal Interference and Visitor Satisfaction. Rick Gage, Davis & Elkins College.

An HLM Model to Predict Hunting License Sales. Ziaohan Zhang and Craig Miller, Illinois Natural History Survey.

Keeping Sight of Leisure: Implications of Eye-tracking Methodologies for Parks, Recreation, and Leisure Research. Nathan J. Shipley, University of Illinois, and Robert D. Bixler, Clemson University.

Political Ideology and Leisure Behavior. Wes Roehl, Temple University.

2:00 – 3:30 p.m., Monday Session V-C: Resource Management II

Facilitator:

Emerald Ash Borer Impacts on Visual Preferences for a US Urban Forest Recreation Setting. Arne Arnberger, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria, Ingrid Schneider, University of Minnesota, Martin Ebenberger, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria, Renate Eder, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria, Robert C. Venette, University of Minnesota, Stephan A. Snyder, USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Paul H. Gobster, USDA Forest Service, Ami Choi, University of Minnesota and Stuart Cottrell, Colorado State University.

Comparing Behaviors and Attitudes Towards Water Quality in West Virginia. Jonas G. Leveque and Robert C. Burns, West Virginia University.

Visitor Perceptions and Acceptability Ratings of Recreation Impacts: Comparison Between Visitors and OSMP Employees. Jana Raadik Cottrell, Kuressare College, Tallinn University of Technology and Stuart Cottrell, Colorado State University.

Mountain Pine Beetle Effects on Natural Resources: Assessing Communication and Knowledge Exchange in the Rocky Mountain Region, USA. Stuart Cottrell, Colorado State University.

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2:00 – 3:30 p.m., Monday Session V-D: Sustainable Tourism

Facilitator:

Sustainable Development: Rural Community Response to Natural Disaster. William Alexander and Paige P. Viren, East Carolina University.

The Best of the Best: Understanding Sustainable Tourism Through WTTC Tourism for Tomorrow Award Finalists. Ruan De Lange and Kelly S. Bricker, University of Utah.

Economic, Environmental, and Social Change Related to Amenity Migration in an Amenity-Rich Rural, West Virginia Community. Alison K. Murray, East Carolina University and Deborah Kerstetter, The Pennsylvania State University.

3:30 – 4:00 P.M. Break

4:00 – 5:30 p.m. Session VI

4:00 – 5:30 p.m., Monday Session VI-A: Human Dimensions of Wildlife II

Facilitator:

The Influence of Narratives on Support for a Controversial Wildlife Management Policy. Eric Knackmuhs, James Farmer and Doug Knapp, Indiana University-Bloomington.

Hunter Preference of Harvest Reporting Methods on Public Lands in Illinois. Ryan J. Conat, University of Illinois and Craig A. Miller, Illinois Natural History Survey.

Evaluating Visitor Support for Restricting Brown Bear Viewing at Katmai National Park and Preserve. Jeffrey Skibins and Ryan Sharp, Kansas State University.

Management Preferences of Large Carnivores in Illinois. Brent D. Williams and Craig A. Miller, Illinois Natural History Survey.

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4:00 – 5:30 p.m., Monday Session VI-B: RoundTable IV

International Issues in Park and Protected Area Management

Presenters: Dr. Arne Arnberger, BOKU, Vienna, Austria (Park-people relationships in the urban context; Vienna, Austria)

Dr. Robert C. Burns, West Virginia University, US (Benchmarking best management practices: Brazil Amazon Region)

Dr. Jasmine Cardozo Moreira, Ponta Grossa State University, Brazil (Challenges and successes at Fernando do Noronha National Park, Brazil)

Dr. Eick von Ruschkowski, University of Hannover, Germany (Recreation, tourism and wildlife involvement from a parks-people perspective, Germany)

Dr. Jonas Leveque, West Virginia University, US (The role of water in outdoor recreation settings)

Outdoor recreation settings (parks and protected areas [PPA’s]) often play a hugely important role in connecting people with nature worldwide. This connection is critical for a number of reasons, including the development of stewardship within local communities, providing for healthy lifestyles, mitigating global climate change symptoms, and for leisure purposes. In addition to the settings, the appropriate amount and type of use in specific areas is becoming increasingly critical to resource managers. This discussion will examine the perceptions of local stakeholders (recreation visitors and/or local residents) through the use of case studies. Each presenter will provide a short background on his/her research in a specific setting. Discussions will focus on methods of engaging the public, challenges and methods of meeting those challenges, and results of the findings. Another critical need is to understand how international collaboration is built, with regards to both obtaining funding and understanding effective methods of engaging researchers from other cultures. The presenters will discuss their perceptions of best practices regarding obtaining and sustaining international research efforts. This proposed management roundtable will encourage participants to share their experiences with designing collaborative and international planning processes at the landscape level. We will also encourage roundtable dialogue on designing appropriate monitoring systems to assess important elements of the planning process and desired planning outcomes. The panel will respond to participants and share information.

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4:00 – 5:30 p.m., Monday Session VI-C: Tourism

Facilitator:

Marketing Main Street: Visitor Experience Preferences for a Redeveloping Attraction. Roy Ramthun and Susan Williams, Concord University.

An Application of the Brand Personality Concept to an Art Festival in the Midwest. Alvin HungChin Yu, St. Cloud State University.

An Assessment of a Neighborhood Park and Psychological Sense of Community. Kimberly Centers, Old Dominion University, and Ed Gomez, East Carolina University.

5:45 – 6:45 p.m., Monday General Business Meeting

Dinner is on your own.

Tuesday, April 10, 2018

7:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. Registration

8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VII

8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VII-A: Sustainable Tourism

Facilitator:

Appalachian Geopark: Operationalizing a UNESCO Process in West Virginia. Robert C. Burns, West Virginia University and Jasmine Cardozo Moreira, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa.

Understanding Transitions Toward Sustainable Tourism: Application of Insights From Resilience and Adaptive Governance of Social-Ecological Systems. Kofi Akamani, Southern Illinois University.

Encouraging Responsible Recreation and Sustainable Tourism in Underwater Parks. Chiara Zuccarino-Crowe, National Marine Sanctuary Foundation.

Sport Diversification vs. Sport Specialization: Examining Sport Motivational Climate, Motivation and Burnout. Fletcher J. Flournoy and Clif Watts, East Carolina University.

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8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VII-B: Well-Being

Facilitator:

The Conception and Factors of Wellbeing of Urban Citizens in China. Rui Li, The Pennsylvania State University.

Measuring the Impact of Green Space Access on Public Health: A Case Study of Florida. Eunjung Yang, Jinwon Kim and Brijesh Thapa, University of Florida.

The Potential Boosting Effects of Time Spent in Natural Protected Areas on Health Outcomes. Heather Costigan, Derrick Taff, Peter Newman, Joshua Smyth, Andrew J. Mowen, The Pennsylvania State University, and Jacob Benfield, Pennsyvania State University-Abington.

8:00 – 9:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VII-C: Interpretation/Culture

Facilitator:

Is Recreation Worth the Wait? Hannah Mueller, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse.

The Role of Recreational Experiences During Study Abroad in the Development of Intercultural Sensitivity. Samantha Powers, Nate Trauntvein and Bob Barcelona, University of New Hampshire.

Shades of Darkness: An African Perspective. Bright Owusu and Philip Wang, Kent State University.

Community Interactions in Natural Resource Management in Nigeria: A Study of the Mambilla Trans Montane Highland Area. Talitha Tukura Pam, Michigan State University.

9:30 – 10:00 A.M. Break

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10:00 – 11:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VIII

10:00 – 11:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VIII-A: Risk Management/Compliance

Facilitator:

How to Balance the Carrot and the Stick. Brooke Tully.

Informal Environmental Education on College Campuses: An Examination of the Effects of Conservation Initiatives and Interpretive Signage at Marshall University. David Graefe, Marshall University.

Measuring the Recreation Equity of Beach Access for People with Ambulatory Difficulty in Duval County, Florida. Duhui Lee, Jinwon Kim, and Brijesh Thapa, University of Florida.

Can I Eat the Dirt? The Impact of Soil Lead Tests on Behaviors in the Garden, Neighborhood, and City. B.B. Cutts, North Carolina State University, K. Schwarz, Northern Kentucky University, J.K. London and M.L. Cadenasso, UC Davis.

10:00 – 11:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VIII-B: Climate Change

Facilitator:

Perceptions of Climate-Change Related Health Threats Among Engaged Park Users. Lisa Groshong, Sonja A. Wilhelm Stanis, and Mark Morgan, University of Missouri-Columbia.

Impacts of Climate Change on Winter Recreation in the North to 2060. Ashley E. Askew, University of Georgia, J.M. Bowker, USDA Forest Service, Gary T. Green, University of Georgia, and Neelam C. Poudyal, University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Winds of Change - Predicting Support and Opposition for Potential Offshore Wind Energy Development in the Great Lakes. Michael D. Ferguson, Nate Trautvein, Samantha L. Powers, University of New Hampshire, Alan R. Graefe and Andrew J. Mowen The Pennsylvania State University.

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10:00 – 11:30 a.m., Tuesday Session VIII-C: RoundTable V

Implementing a Triple Bottom Line Approach: A Comprehensive Method for Evaluating theImpacts of Special Events on Protected Lands.

Facilitators: Alan Graefe, J. Tom Mueller, B. Derrick Taff and Jeremy WimpeyThe Pennsylvania State University

Human actions in protected areas impact both the human and natural side of coupled human and natural systems. While this is broadly accepted, research projects that measure both social and ecological impacts of activities are rare. This roundtable will bring together researchers from multiple universities who are involved in research bridging the gap between social and ecological research. The panel will involve social scientists from Penn State, as well a recreation ecologist and other invited participants. The roundtable will take the form of an open discussion on the difficulties, attempts, and successes of integrated social and ecological recreation research in protected areas.

The roundtable will begin with a brief presentation of a recent study performed on Pennsylvania State Forests looking at the impacts of race events. The study being presented used a triple bottom line approach to understand the social, ecological, and economic impacts of several small-scale race events (less than 1,000 participants) on two state forests in Pennsylvania. Trail conditions were assessed before and after each event, and visitor experiences were evaluated in the weeks prior to each event, during each event, and one week after the events. Additionally, race participants were sent an online survey in the weeks following their race. In total, nine race events of three different types – mountain biking, running, and motorcycling - over two years were measured. In addition to the on-site survey and trail assessment, an online survey of state forest managers was conducted to understand their experience managing events. Finally, semi-structured interviews of race organizers and forest managers were conducted to better understand their experiences organizing and managing events in state forests. This comprehensive attempt will serve as the leaping off point for a discussion about how recreation research and evaluation can move forward as an interdisciplinary field that incorporates not just the human dimensions of the recreation experience, but also the ecological impacts and considerations important to both managers and ecologists.

11:30, Tuesday Symposium Concludes

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