Unit: The Road to Revolution

Handout: Study Guide

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The Road to Revolution: Study GuideUse your notes to answer the following questions in preparation for the test.

1. What was the name for the series of laws, enacted during the 1600s, that were designed to make England’s trade with the colonies more profitable by tightening control over shipping?

2. The Navigation Acts were part of the British economic policy known as .

3. Identify two restrictions that were imposed on colonial trade by the Navigation Acts.

4. In the mercantilist economic system, what were colonies supposed to provide to the mother country?

5. In the mercantilist economic system, what were colonies supposed to purchase from the mother country?

6. By the 1750s, which two European nations were competing for control of North America?

7. Why did the English colonies have a larger population than New France?

8. Which European nation had the best relationship with the Native Americans?

9. What was the name of Benjamin Franklin’s proposal to unify the colonies during the French and Indian War?

10. What was the name for the war that was fought between 1754 and 1763 for control of North America?

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11. In the space below, identify the major combatants in the French and Indian War?

12. Color the maps below.

13. What powerful Native American tribe helped England defeat France in the French and Indian War?

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14. What is the name of the peace treaty that officially ended the French and Indian War?

15. How did the remaining French colonists and their Native American allies react to the conditions of the peace treaty?

16. This colonial uprising, resulting from Native American attacks on the western frontier of Pennsylvania, showed the difference in treatment amongst eastern and western settlers.

17. After the French and Indian War, what decree was issued by the King of England banning colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains?

18. What was the name of the trade law enacted by Parliament in 1764 that changed tax rates on imported sugar and molasses in an attempt to reduce smuggling in the colonies?

19. What was the name of the 1765 law in which Parliament established the first direct taxation of goods and services, particularly printed materials, in the colonies?

20. What was the name of the law in which Parliament forced the colonies to provide British troops with supplies and housing?

21. What was the name of the secret organization of American colonists that supported independence, terrorized British tax agents, and enforced colonial boycotts?

22. What was the name of the 1765 meeting in New York City in which elected representatives from nine of the colonies met for the first time to devise a unified protest against taxes created by Parliament and not their own colonial assemblies?

23. What popular expression was used by colonists to describe Britain’s attempt to raise revenue through taxes imposed in the colonies despite their lack of representation in Parliament?

24. What type of nonviolent protest did colonists employ when they refused to purchase and import British products?

25. What name was given to the series of laws that imposed taxes on imported goods that included glass, paint, and tea? Where did the revenues collected from this tax go?.

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26. What is the name of the incident in which British soldiers stationed in Boston clashed with unarmed colonists, killing five individuals?

27. What was the name for the groups that were set up by the American colonies to communicate with each other and unify efforts to exchange information about British threats to their liberties?

28. What is the name of the event in which colonists disguised themselves as Native Americans and destroyed private property by dumping 15,000 pounds of tea into Boston Harbor to protest the Tea Act?

29. What name did American colonists use to refer to the series of laws that closed Boston harbor and placed the city under military rule?

30. What is the name of the military strategy in which ships prevent movement into and out of a port or harbor?

31. What was the name of the 1774 meeting in Philadelphia in which colonial delegates demanded the repeal of all repressive British legislation, suspended all trade with Britain, and began making military preparations for defense against a possible British attack?

32. What nickname was given to American militiamen who volunteered to be ready for service at a minute’s notice?

33. What name was given to the group of American colonists that supported an allegiance to Great Britain?

34. What name was given to the group of American colonists that supported independence from Great Britain?

35. Identify one of the colonial leaders that warned of the British military advance to seize munitions stockpiled outside of Boston.

36. In what two Massachusetts towns did British troops and colonial troops first engage in military combat?

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37. As a result of its broad social, political, and economic significance, the initial gunfire during the first military engagement between British and colonial troops in Massachusetts is sometimes referred to as the “shot heard .”

38. What name was given to the American colonial army and who was chosen to be its leader?39. What is the name of the elevated ground just outside of Boston that was held by colonial troops, until they ran out

of ammunition, against repeated British assaults?

40. What is the name of the document in which American colonists made a final attempt to peacefully reconcile with Great Britain?

41. What document swayed many Americans to support independence and who was its author?

42. What document officially severed the American colonies from Great Britain and who was its primary author?

43. After being forced to evacuate and retreat from Boston, the British captured what city in an attempt to separate New England from the Southern States?

44. Identify two strengths of the United States during the Revolutionary War.

45. Identify two weaknesses of the United States during the Revolutionary War.

46. Identify two strengths of Great Britain during the Revolutionary War.

47. Identify two weaknesses of Great Britain during the Revolutionary War.

48. What is the name for a professional soldier that is hired to serve in a foreign army?

49. The British hired 30,000 professional German soldiers, known as to help them fight against the Americans in the Revolutionary War.

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50. The hit-and-run techniques used by the state militias, in which they hid among trees and behind walls and ambushed British troops and supply wagons, then disappeared, is known as warfare. Who did they learn this from?

51. What was the name of the site of the military camp of the Continental Army over the first winter in the Revolutionary War during which the bitter cold and food shortages killed nearly 2,500 men?

52. What was the name for a paper dollars issued by the Continental Congress during the Revolutionary War that were nearly worthless?

53. What term refers to an increase in prices or decline purchasing power caused by an increase in the supply of money?

54. During the Revolutionary War, what group of Americans helped to manage farms, shops, and businesses, while continuing to manage households and families?

55. Who was the patriotic seamstress that sewed the first American flag?

56. Who carried water to Patriot gunners during the Battle of Monmouth and took her husband’s place at a cannon when he was wounded?

57. The British proclaimed that would be freed if they helped them fight during the Revolutionary War.

58. What city, the capital of the United States, was captured by the British during the Revolutionary War, forcing the Continental Congress to flee?

59. Who was the American general that became a traitor when he defected to the British side during the Revolutionary War?

60. The American victory at is considered a turning point of the Revolutionary War. This radically changed the war because?

61. George Washington’s best general, , helped to slow the British advance during their Southern Campaign of the Revolutionary War. (hint: his famous battle is the Battle of Guilford Courthouse)

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62. What is the name of the site of the decisive victory by a combined assault of American and French forces over the British Army, prompting surrender and negotiation to end of the Revolutionary War?

63. What is the name of the peace treaty that ended the Revolutionary War?

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