webnesday - introduction to lorawan
TRANSCRIPT
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Introduction toLoRaWAN
Martin HaasWebnesday (11.01.2017)
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About me• Martin Haas (@tineler)• Founder & Engineer @adnexo_gmbh
https://www.adnexo.ch
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Overview• What?• Why?• How?
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LoRaWHAAAAT?
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LoRa WANLong Range Wide Area Network
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LoRa• Layer 1 (physical)• Enables long-range communication
link• Highly dependent on environment
• Cities / buildings: ~ 2.5km• Countryside: up to 45km+
• Data rate 0.3 – 50 kbps• Frequency band (Europe): 868 MHz• Duty cycle 1%• 36 Sekunden / h
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Data Rates• Adaptive data rate scheme (ADR)• “Use lower spreading factor if signal is
strong”
Source: https://blog.surf.nl/en/lora-the-internet-of-things
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LoRaWAN• Defines communication protocol and
system architecture• Specified by LoRa Alliance (cisco, IBM,
Semtech, TTN, Swisscom, BFH, …)
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Architecture
Source: https://www.lora-alliance.org/portals/0/documents/whitepapers/LoRaWAN101.pdf
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Device Classes• Class A• Two short receive windows after uplink
• Class B• Slotted communication
• Class C• Receives continuously
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Information stored in end-device• Device Address (DevAddr, 32 bits)• 7 MSB: Network Identifier (NwkID)• 25 LSB: Network Address (NwkAddr)
• Application Identifier (AppEUI)• Network session key (NwkSKey)• Application session key (AppSKey)
• Frame Counters
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Activation by Personalization (ABP)• Manually configured• DevAddr• NwkSKey (unique!)• AppSKey (unique!)
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Over-the-Air Activation (OTAA)• Manually configured• End-device identifier (DevEUI, 64 bits)• AppEUI• AES-128 key (AppKey)
• From accept message• DevAddr• NwkSKey• AppSKey
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Network Architecture
Source: https://www.lora-alliance.org/portals/0/documents/whitepapers/LoRaWAN101.pdf
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Security• Security on network level• Unique Network Key
• Security on application level• Unique Application Key
• Secure usage required!• Find more on the Internet…
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YAWT???Yet Another Wireless Technology?
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Different Wireless Technologies
Source: Swisscom
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IoT challenges• Sensing a complex environment• Connectivity• Power is critical• Security is vital• IoT is complex• Cloud is important• Device Updates
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Kind of…• Sensing a complex environment • Connectivity • Power is critical • Security is vital • IoT is complex • Cloud is important • Device Updates
helps helps not improves
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How?
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What you need• End-Device• Access to a Network• Gateway• Account
• Little programming skills
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End-Device
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Send message (MicroPython)
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Gateways
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Networks (in Switzerland)• The Things Network• LORIOT• Swisscom LPN
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The Things Network• Worldwide, free Network for makers• Driven by communities
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The Things Network• Free of charge• Open Source• Active user base• Register Applications and Gateways here:
• https://console.thethingsnetwork.org• Streaming Data using MQTT (more to come)
• Clients available for Java, Node-RED, Node.js• Define Payload functions online• Data Storage Integration
https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/
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TTN – Node.js Clientvar ttn = require('ttn'); var client = new ttn.Client(region, appId, appAccessKey, [options]);
client.on('connect', function cb(connack) {});
client.on('message', [deviceId], [field], function cb(deviceId, data) {});
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Response"port": 1,"counter": 10,"payload_raw": {
"type": "Buffer","data": [ 1 ]
},"payload_fields": { "led": true }, "metadata": {
"time": "2016-09-07T12:50:07.068771281Z","frequency": 868.1,"modulation": "LORA","data_rate": "SF7BW125","coding_rate": "4/5","gateways": [{
"gtw_id": "0000024B08060112","timestamp": 3955426155,"time": "2016-09-07T12:50:07.053048Z","channel": 4,"rssi": -109,"snr": 5.8,"rf_chain": 1 ]}
}
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LORIOT• Free of charge up to 10 end-devices
and 1 Gateway• Possibility of “private networks”
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LORIOT• Build-in Output Types• Amazon AWS IoT• IBM Bluemix IoT Foundation• HTTP Push• Iron.io IronMQ• PubNub• TLS Socket• WebSocket• Azure IoT Hub
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Swisscom• 80% of Swiss population covered• For enterprise customers• HTTP request
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Swisscom
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Swisscom
Source: Swisscom
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Swisscom• Disclaimer
«Die Abdeckungskarten zeigen die Verfügbarkeit des LPN-Services für den Aussenbereich (Strassen, Trottoirs, öffentliche Plätze, etc.). Die ausgewiesene Versorgung beruht auf Prädiktionen, die nicht alle Feinheiten der Ausbreitungscharakteristik eines LoRa-Funksignals berücksichtigen können. Die Angaben zur zukünftigen Abdeckung stellen die momentane Planung dar, die definitiv realisierte Abdeckung kann davon abweichen. Bei den vorliegenden Karten und Abdeckungs-Angaben handelt es sich deshalb um eine ungefähre Indikation und Swisscom kann für die aufgezeigte LPN-Service-Abdeckung entsprechend keine Gewähr übernehmen.»
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The End!