wednesday - apes
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Wednesday - APES. AP exam fees due March 9 Cookie Lab today Pick up tests for test corrections during period Measure radish plants Chem poster due Friday 2 pictures included. Cookie Mining. The economics of mining. Purchasing: land, mining equipment Paying for: operations & reclamation. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
AP exam fees due March 9Cookie Lab todayPick up tests for test corrections during period
Measure radish plantsChem poster due Friday◦2 pictures included
Wednesday - APES
Cookie Mining
The economics of mining.Purchasing: land, mining
equipmentPaying for: operations &
reclamation
Mass cookieMass graph paperPlace cookie on graph paper – mining area
Don’t use your hands, only tools◦Toothpicks, paper clips
Following instructions 1-17Record on side 2Keep graph paper for lab journalWrite information on graph paper as needed
Instructions
AP exam fees due March 9Pick up lab journalsPick up tests for test corrections (due Mon.)
Cookie Lab follow upMeasure radish plantsChem poster due Friday◦2 pictures included (details on back)
Discussion Ch. 16
Thursday - APES
Nonrenewable Mineral
Resources
Aerial photos/satellite images – outcroppings
Radiation-measuring – detect deposits (uranimum)
Magnetometer – magnetic field changes caused by magnetic minerals (iron ore)
Gravimeter – differences in density of ore and surrounding rock
Finding Buried mineral Deposits
Underground:Drilling a deep well/extracting core samples
Seismic surveys – shock waves, rock bed composition
Chemical analysis – water/plants, detects deposits
Finding Buried mineral Deposits
Surface mining (p. 341)Shallow deposits removed
Strip away overburden – soil/rock (spoils) 90% nonfuel mineral, 60% coal
1.Open-pit – dig a hole2.Dredging scrape up underwater deposits
3.Area strip mining – trench digging, cover back with overburden
4.Contour strip mining – power shovel, cuts terraces
5.Mountaintop removal – explosives, huge machines; rubble streams (env.damage)
Removing Buried Mineral Deposits
Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
Requires co. to restore land to original usage
Removes coal, metal oresDeep vertical shaft, tunnelsEnviron. Disturbance – minimal
Warning: subsidence (cave ins), black lung disease
Subsurface mining - Deep depositsp. 342
Environmental effects of use
Enormous amt. energyLand disturbance - scarringSoil erosionAir/water pollution◦Acid mine drainage – 40% west. watersheds
Acid Mine Drainage-impact on a
lake after receiving effluent from an abandoned tailings impoundment for over 50 years
Relatively fresh tailings in an
impoundment.
The same tailings impoundment after 7
years of sulfide oxidation. The white
spots in Figures A and B are gulls.
http://www.earth.uwaterloo.ca/services/whaton/s06_amd.html
Mine effluent discharging from the bottom of a waste rock pile
Shoreline of a pond receiving AMD showing massive accumulation of iron hydroxides on the pond bottom
Groundwater flow through a tailings impoundment and discharging into lakes or streams.
Life Cycle – Mineral ore fig. 16-15
Extracting – removal from earth’s crust
Purifying – separating ore from gangue (waste)◦Tailings – piles of waste
Smelting – separate metal from other elements
Converted to product
Phase in Full-Cost PricingInclude cost of environ. harm in price of goods made from minerals
Mineral Supplies – p. 345 Available/affordable Economically depleted:
◦Costs more to find, extract, transport, process than it’s worth
Recycle/reuse Wastes less Use less Find a substitute Do without
New Technology – Nanotechnology
Atomic/molecular level technology Manipulate atoms 1-100 nm wide
◦Medicines◦Solar cells◦Buckyballs – soccer ball shape carbon
Cosmetics/sun screen◦Little environmental damage
Unintended consequences◦Smaller – more reactive◦More toxic potentially◦Fish – brain damage w/in 48 hrs.
Precautionary principal
Energy resources removed from the earth’s crust include: oil, natural gas, coal, and uranium
www.bio.miami.edu/beck/esc101/Chapter14&15.ppt
Minerals -Commonly Found: fault lines –
divergence/convergence (oceanic & continental crust) magma risen to
the surfacehot spots & hydrothermal vents
(ocean) manganese nodules - ocean
floor. small underwater volcanoes -
copper, lead, zinc, silver, gold & other metallic minerals.
evaporite mineral deposits –dissolved by ground water -left in lakes - water evaporates
Lab Today – Part 2 Extracting Copper from Malachite
Cookie and Copper Labs Due Thursday, 3/8
AP exam fees due next Friday, 3/9
Daily Light Savings Time – this weekend
APES – Mondaytest corrections in box
Chemically refine malachite to produce copper.
Part 1: Dissolve the Copper CuCO3 (s) + H2SO4 (aq) CuSO4 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
Extracting Metal From a Rock:
Part 2: Retrieving the Copper
CuSO4 (aq) + 2Fe (s) 3Cu (s) + Fe2 (SO4) 3 (aq)
Monday
PurposeFollow write up instructionsProcedure Part 1 – 4 sentences
Part 2 – 4 sentencesResults: (qualitative/quantitative)Part 1 data tablesPart 2 data tablesDiscussion Questions: 7Conclusion
Write up