Lecturer : Dr. Tantular Nurtono

Fundamental of Momentum

Transport

Course description 3 credits :

2 credits (tutorial) : 1 session (100 minutes)/week 1 credit (exercise) : 1 session (100 minutes)/week

Duration : 16 weeks

Evaluations : quiz, assignment, presentation.

Reference :James Welty, Charles E. Wicks, Gregory L. Rorrer, and Robert E. Wilson, Fundamentals of Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer, 5th. Ed. (2007), Wiley.Christie John Geankoplis , Transport Processes and Separation Process Principles (Includes Unit Operations),4th. Ed. (2003), Prentice Hall.Ali Altway, SugengWinardi, Heru Setyawan, Proses Perpindahan, 2012, ITS Press.

Course description Aims : to obtain a basic understanding of the transport process of

momentum transfer.

Topics : concept of momentum transfer fluid statics description of a fluid in motion Conservation of Mass: Control-Volume Approach Newtons Second Law of Motion: Control-Volume Approach Conservation of Energy: Control-Volume Approach Shear Stress in Laminar Flow Analysis of a Differential Fluid Element in Laminar Flow Differential Equations of Fluid Flow Inviscid Fluid Flow Dimensional Analysis and Similitude Viscous Flow Flow in Closed Conduits Fluid Machinery

Course Schedule of 2014Week Date Topic Reference

1 8/9 + 10/9 Introduction to momentum transfer Chapter 1

2 15/9 + 17/9 Fluid statics Chapter 2

3 22/9 + 24/9 Description of a fluid in motion Chapter 3

4 29/9 + 1/10 Conservation of Mass: Control-Volume Approach Chapter 4

5 6/10 + 8/10 Quiz 1

6 13/10 + 15/10 Newtons Second Law of Motion: Control-Volume

Approach

Chapter 5

7 20/10 + 22/10 Conservation of Energy: Control-Volume Approach Chapter 6

8 27/10 + 29/10 Shear Stress in Laminar Flow Chapter 7

9 1/11 + 3/11 Analysis of a Differential Fluid Element in Laminar Flow Chapter 8

Course Schedule of 2014Week Date Topic Reference

10

11

8/11 + 10/11

15/11 + 17/11

Differential Equations of Fluid Flow

Inviscid Fluid Flow

Chapter 9

Chapter 10

12 22/11 + 24/11 Quiz 2

13

14

15

16

29/11 + 1/12

6/11 + 8/12

13/11 + 15/11

20/11 + 22/11

Dimensional Analysis and Similitude

Viscous Flow

Flow in Closed Conduits

Fluid Machinery

Chapter 11

Chapter 12

Chapter 13

Chapter 14

17 Evaluation and Result

Introduction The field of chemical engineering involved with physical and

physical-chemical changes of inorganic and organic materials and, to some extent, biological materials is overlapping more and more with the other processing-engineering fields of ceramic engineering, process metallurgy, agricultural food engineering, wastewater-treatment (civil) engineering, and bioe-ngineering, etc.

The principles of momentum, heat and mass transport and the separation processes are widely used in these processing fields.

Momentum transfer in a fluid involves the study of the motion of fluids and the forces that produce these motions.

FLUIDS AND THE CONTINUUM

A fluid is defined as a substance that deforms continuously under the action of a shear stress.

An important consequence of this definition is that when a fluid is at rest, there can be no shear stresses.

Both liquids and gases are fluids.

Most engineering work is concerned with the macroscopic or bulk behavior of a fluid rather than with the microscopic or molecular behavior. In most cases it is convenient to think of a fluid as a continuous distribution of matter or a continuum.

PROPERTIES AT A POINT

When a fluid is in motion, the quantities associated with the state and the motion of the fluid will vary from point to point.

Density at a Point. The density of a fluid is defined as the mass per

unit volume. Under flow conditions, particularly in gases, the density

may vary greatly throughout the fluid. The density, r, at a particular

point in the fluid is defined as

= lim

where m is the mass contained in a volume V, and V is the smallest volume surrounding the point for which statistical averages

are meaningful.

Stress at a Point. Consider the force F acting on an element A of the body shown in Figure 1.2.

The force F is resolved into components normal and parallel to the surface of the element. The force per unit area or stress at a point is defined as the limit of F/A as AA where A is the smallest area for which statistical averages are meaningful.

= lim

= lim

Forces acting on a fluid are divided into two general groups:

body forces.

Body forces are those which act without physical contact, for example, gravity and

electrostatic forces.

On the contrary, pressure and frictional forces require physical contact for

transmission.

surface forces. As a surface is required for the action of these forces they

are called surface forces.