week 2
TRANSCRIPT
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15 minute breakout
1. What are the 2 basic different types of foundations? When would we use one versus the other?
2. In each of the two types – what are the subtypes and when would you use them?
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Shallow and deep foundations
•Shallow – soil directly below walls and columns bear the weight of the building. Cheaper. Ideal for high water table and relatively light building.
•Deep – Soil conditions directly below the building not suitable therefore structure required to reach deeper to appropriate soil conditions.
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Shallow – Types.
A. Slab on grade – high water table – common in BA
B. Crawl Space – common for wood frame – access to utilities
C. Basement – Storage and utilities
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Slab on grade- assembly•Trench for utilities
•Trench for footings
•Rebar in footings
•Pour footings
•Waterproof membrane
•Sand
•Reinforcing for slab
•Concrete slab pour
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Footings for crawl spaces and basements.
spread the force of the vertical loads of columns and walls over more soil area
•Spread footing
•Column footing
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Concrete footings and foundations
• Foundations poured separately from vertical carrying structure.
• Waterproofing issues
1. Drain the water –remove pressure on walls
2. Keep water out of the building
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Deep foundations – Pile driving•Reach down to bedrock for poor soil conditions
•Pile caps/ grade beams support columns and walls
•Concrete slab
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Deep foundations –
Mat slabs, Excavation and retaining walls
•Mat slab – very think slab (6’) with a lot of steel reinforcing that replaces individual column footings
•Excavation sequence
1. Drive soldier beams – steel into ground
2. Place wood lagging between beams as you excavate down to retain soil
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Below grade foundation walls and waterproofing•Protection board
•Waterproof membrane
•Concrete retaining wall
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