week 5 studio journal

Week 5 studio journal

Description/Classification of structural systems

Foundations & Footings:

Strip footings- supports the load of the slab + exterior and interior walls.

Concrete blinding piers – used for shallow footings

Pad footings – vertical support, transfers building load to ground

Slab – base foundation

Bored concrete pier – extend into silt stone, due to presence of trees on our particular site.

Stumps – used as a subfloor, holds up the floor frame.

Primary structure:

Roof beam - horizontal support for the roof

Pergola beam - vertically risen beam (timber) supports load of pergola roof

Purlins- run horizontally along the rafters and transfers the roof loads to the roof beam

Rafters – diagonal orientation , supported by the purlins

Columns - vertical structures that support the framework

Structural Concept


Secondary structure:

Typical steel PFC beam (to existing wall) – Also referred to as a C-

section. Used for columns, lintels and floor joists.

Clay brick anchoring - Like the common term it is used for preventing

movement (of the bricks)

Typical roof box gutter system – flat roof drainage system, rain

downpour and runoff flows through the system. Prevents rainwater

entering the building.

Prefabricated walls/Precast panels – Prior to construction, manufactured

in a fabrication area and transported to the site.


Secondary structure (graphic structural diagrams)


Structural materials:

Lightweight concrete footing

Structural concrete (S06 – 1)

Timber (mainly for rafters/purlins)

Steel (S16-1)

Clay brick


Identifying structural joints (diagrams/sketches/drawings):

Provides strength and

reinforcement. Nails

are staggered

vertically. Splice joint.

Nail type, size, and location directly influence the

strength x stiffness of the nail laminated post.


Identifying structural materials (diagrams/sketches/drawings):

Light weight concrete

footing

Structural concrete

A strip footing is a small

strip of concrete that

supports the load of

exterior walls, interior walls

that are load bearing

and/or a slab. In this case

supporting the brickwork

exterior walls, dug under

earth. Structural concrete

is basically precast

concrete that can be

manufactured as

pretensioned and post-

tensioned. In this case it

serves to support and carry

a structural load.


Structural fixings:

Galvanized bolts for steelwork Welding

Fixings connects either

two/or more structural

elements of the same

structure. In this case the

bolts are the fixings

which are placed into

each cast in plate which

links the two panels.

Looking at more depth at

the cast in plate it is

revealed that it is held

together by welding. In

this instance the bolts are

seen as the stronger

structural fixing as the

welding was only able to

hold together the ‘small’

plate. However this is not

necessarily always the

case, only in this

instance/example.

Two panels connected, using bolts

Cast in plate by welding


Sustainability and environmental analysis Carbon footprint

From a general perspective carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse emissions

from an entity. In the context of our site, we are considering the potential amount of

greenhouse gas emissions output due to manufacturing, shipping, transpiration

(vehicles) and installation of construction materials + systems.

Carbon footprint is measured via a GHG emissions assessment.

Embodied energy

The sum of the required energy for supporting an electrical system and producing goods

or services in/at the building. Energy-inputs measured relates to greenhouse gas

emissions (product).

Analysis of embodied energy for the site can lead to the development of more

sustainable instalments eg. energy-saving devices.

Recyclability

What are the materials in the site plan with potential to be manufactured sustainably via

recycled elements?

One example is rubber tiles. Displayed in the drawings, they can be produced using

recycled materials.


Economical implications of decisions

The cost expense and funding of the laboratory must be considered. The architects and

construction team have to work within a budget which is affordable.

The decision of which materials are purchased, how the construction process proceeds,

modes of transport and extra implantations all have an economical implication and effect.

Sustainability of the buildings construction and final product must be considered not only

economically but socially and environmentally.


References

Ching, F 2008, ‘Building Construction Illustrated’, 4th Edition, New Jersey, John

Wiley & Sons.

Time For Change 2013, ‘Global Warming’, Switzerland viewed 12 September 2013,

<http://timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definition>

Wikipedia 2013, Wikipedia, viewed 12 September 2013,

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy>

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embodied_energy

week 5 studio journal

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