week_2_1-lymphoid tissue + organs in immunity

7/21/2019 week_2_1-Lymphoid Tissue + Organs in Immunity

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LYMPHOID TISSUE(AND ORGANS RELATED WITH IMMUNITY)Nadya Zaragita | 130110110184 | Tutor B 4 HIS

LYMPHATIC SYSTEM

• Accessory route of boo! "esses• C#rr$es %rote$&s #&! #r'e %#rt$cu#te

• Dr#$&s ecess $&terst$t$# u$!

• Tr#&s%ort !$et#ry $%$!s

• C#rr$es out $**u&e res%o&sesA*ost # t$ssues $& bo!y !r#$& toy*%+#t$c syste* (ece%t su%er,c$#%ort$o& of t+e s-$&. &er"ous syste*.e&!o*ys$u* of *usces. #&! t+e bo&es)/

Pr$*#ry or'#&s0 1+ere t+e ste* ces!$"$!e #&! beco*e $**u&oco*%ete&tSeco&!#ry or'#&s0 s$tes 1+ere *ost $**u&e res%o&se occurs/

Ly*%+#t$c c#%$#r$es #re s$'+ty #r'er t+#& boo! c#%$#r$es/ T+e e&!s of e&!ot+e$# ces t+#t *#-e u% t+e 1# of # y*%+#t$c c#%$#ry o"er#%/

A&c+or$&' ,#*e&ts → co&t#$&s e#st$c ,bers. ete&!$&' out fro* y*%+#t$c c#%$#ry.#tt#c+$&' y*%+#t$c e&!ot+e$# ces to surrou&!$&' t$ssue/

↑ $&terst$t$# u$! t+#& y*%+ → ces se%#r#te s$'+ty → $&terst$t$# u$! e&ters c#%$#ry →

ces #!+ere cosey



C$rcu#t$o&0

2oo! c#%$#r$es→

$&terst$t$# s%#ce →

y*%+#t$c c#%$#r$es →

y*%+#t$c "esses →

y*%+#t$c !ucts →

3u&ct$o& of $&ter&# 3u'u#r #&! subc#"$#&"e$&s

• T$ssue →

%rey*%+#t$cs →

lower extremities, left side of head, left arm,

left chest → eft

t+or#c$c !uct →

3u&cture of eft$&ter&# 3u'u#r "e$&#&! eft subc#"$#&"e$&

• T$ssue →

%rey*%+#t$cs → r$'+t s$!e of +e#!. eft #r*. eft c+est → r$'+t y*%+ !uct → 3u&ctureof r$'+t 3u'u#r "e$& #&! r$'+t subc#"$#& "e$&

T+e 4%u*%s50

• S-eet# *usce %u*%

• Res%$r#tory %u*%

A&t$'e&6re#ct$"e ces #re !e%ete! fro* t+e c$rcu#t$&' %oo of y*%+ocytes 1$t+$& 78

+ours of #&t$'e& ,rst oc#$9$&' $& t+e y*%+ &o!es or s%ee&: se"er# !#ys #ter. #fter%ro$fer#t$o& #t t+e s$te of #&t$'e& oc#$9#t$o&. # %e#- of #ct$"#te! ces #%%e#rs $& t+et+or#c$c !uct/

W+e& #&t$'e& re#c+es # y*%+ &o!e $& # %r$*e! #&$*#. t+ere $s # !r#*#t$c f# $& t+eout%ut of ces $& t+e e;ere&t y*%+#t$cs. # %+e&o*e&o& !escr$be! "#r$ousy #s 4 ces+ut!o1& 5 or 4 y*%+ocyte tr#%%$&'/ 5 T+$s %rocess $&"o"es # re!uce! res%o&s$"e&ess of y*%+ocytes to s%+$&'os$&e < 6 %+os%+#te (S<P). # *oecue t+#t s$'&#s y*%+ocytes toe$t t+e y*%+ &o!e/

THYMUS



• 2$#ter# or'#&

• Loc#te! bet1ee& t+e ster&u* #&! #ort#/

• E&"eo%e! by co&&ect$"e t$ssue (c#%sue). tr#becu#e 1+$c+ ete&!s $&1#r! #&! !$"$!e

e#c+ 7 obes $&to obues

• T+y*us $s t+e s$te of T y*%+ocyte !$;ere&t$#t$o& #&! re*o"# of T y*%+ocytes

#'#$&st sef6#&t$'e&sM#tur#t$o& %rocess0

• T y*%+ob#st surf#ces !o &ot e+$b$t t+e T ce rece%tor (CD8 #&! CD= *#r-ers)/

• Ly*%+ob#sts e&ter t+y*us (!ur$&' fet# #&! %ost&#t# $fe)

•Po%u#te t+e corte (%ro$fer#te ete&s$"ey)

• M#ture t+y*ocytes e%ress T ce *#r-ers

• T+y*$c seect$o& (>u#$ty co&tro %rocess)



• M$'r#t$o& to t+e *e!u# (t+#&-s to c+e*o-$&es #&! $&ter#ct$o& 1$t+ ECM #&!

cytoret$cuu*)D$;ere&t$#t$&' t+y*ocytes $& t+e corte #re %rese&te! 1$t+ #&t$'e&s (bou&! to c#ss I #&!c#ss II MHC %rote$&s o& t+e e%$t+e$# ret$cu#r ces. *#cro%+#'es. #&! !e&!r$t$c ces)/

P#rts0

• Corte0o L#r'e &u*bers of T ces (or t+y*ocytes)

o De&!r$t$c ces → !er$"e! fro* *o&ocyteso E%$t+e$# ceso M#cro%+#'es

o S%ec$#$9e! e%$t+e$# ces (for*$&' cytoret$cuu*) → %os$t$"e seect$o&.

%ro!uce t+y*$c +or*o&es (t+y*o%o$et$&. t+y*os$&s. t+y*u$&. t+y*us+u*or# f#ctor)

• Me!u#o M#ture T ces

o E%$t+e$# ces → #rr#&'e! $&to co&ce&tr$c #yers of #t ces t+#t !e'e&er#te#&! beco*e ,e! 1$t+ -er#to+y#$& 'r#&ues #&! -er#t$& or so*et$*esc#c$,e! (t+y*$c?H#ss#@s cor%usces)

o De&!r$t$c ceso M#cro%+#'es

LYMPH NODES

Loc#te! #o&' y*%+#t$c "esses. be#&6s+#%e!. sc#ttere! t+rou'+out bo!y

• L#r'e 'rou%s #re %rese&t &e#r t+e *#**#ry '#&!s. #$#e #&! 'ro$&

• Co"ere! by c#%sue of co&&ect$"e t$ssue 1$t+ ete&s$o&s c#e! tr#becu#e

• T+e c#%sue. tr#becu#e. ret$cu#r ,bers #&! ,brob#sts #re stro*# (su%%ort$&'co&&ect$"e t$ssue for y*%+ &o!e)

P#re&c+y*#

• Corte

o Outer → #''re'#tes of 2 ces (y*%+#t$c &o!ues?fo$ces)

Primary lymphatic od!les → *osty of 2 ces

Secodary lymphatic od!les → *ost of t+e y*%+#t$c &o!ues $& t+e outercorteAfter 2 ces $& # %r$*#ry y*%+#t$c &o!ue reco'&$9e #& #&t$'e&. t+e %r$*#ryy*%+#t$c &o!ue !e"eo%s $&to # seco&!#ry y*%+#t$c &o!ue/

T+e ce&ter of seco&!#ry y*%+#t$c &o!ue co&t#$& "ermial ceter → 2 ces.

fo$cu#r !e&!r$t$c ces (DC). #&! *#cro%+#'esW+e& DC %rese&t #& #&t$'e&. 2 ces %ro$fer#te #&! !e"eo% $&to ati#ody$

prod!ci" plasma cells or memory % cells/

o I&&er → *#$&y of T ces. !e&!r$t$c ces T+e !e&!r$t$c ces %rese&t #&t$'e& to T ces so t+#t t+ey %ro$fer#te/



• Me!u# → 2 ces t+#t +#"e *$'r#te fro* t+e corte. *#cro%+#'es

T+e ces #re e*be!!e! $& ret$cu#r ,bers/

o1 of t+e y*%+0

A;ere&t y*%+#t$c "esses → u$! o1s t+rou'+ "#"e → subc#%su#r s$&us → tr#becu#r

s$&us → *e!u#ry s$&us → e;ere&t y*%+#t$c "esses (fe1er t+#& #;ere&t y*%+#t$c

"esses $& &u*ber)→

"#"eA&t$bo!$es secrete! #re ree#se! t+rou'+ t+e e;ere&t y*%+#t$c "esses

S$'+t !e%ress$o& #rou&! e;ere&t y*%+#t$c "esses → +$u* (for "#scu#r$9#t$o&)

Ly*%+ &o!e fu&ct$o& #s &lter → fore$'& subst#&ces #re tr#%%e! by t+e ret$cu#r ,bers. t+e&

*#cro%+#'es 1$ !estroy t+e* by %+#'ocytos$s 1+$e y*%+ocytes !estroy ot+ers by$**u&e res%o&ses/

SPLEEN

• Me#sur$&' #bout <7 c* $& e&'t+

• Loc#te! $& t+e eft +y%oc+o&!r$#c re'$o& bet1ee& sto*#c+ #&! !$#%+r#'*

•H#s '#str$c $*%ress$o&. re&# $*%ress$o&. #&! co$c $*%ress$o&• Co"ere! by # c#%sue of co&&ect$"e t$ssue. serous *e*br#&e ("$scer# %er$to&eu*)

• Stro*#0 c#%sue. tr#becu#e. ret$cu#r ,bers. #&! ,brob#sts



• P#re&c+y*#0

o W+$te %u% → y*%+#t$c t$ssue. co&s$sts of y*%+ocytes #&! *#cro%+#'es.#rr#&'e! surrou&!$&' t+e ce&tr# #rtery

o Re! %u% → boo!6,e! "e&ous s$&uses. s%e&$c?2$rot+@s cor!s (co&s$sts of R2C. *#cro%+#'es. y*%+ocytes. %#s*# ces. #&! 'r#&uocytes)

S%e&$c #rtery → ce&tr# #rtery → 2 ces #&! T ces c#rry out $**u&e fu&ct$o&s. s%ee&

*#cro%+#'es !estroy boo!6bor&e %#t+o'e&s → Re! %u%u&ct$o&s of re! %u%0</ Re*o"# by *#cro%+#'es of ru%ture!. 1or& out. or !efect$"e boo! ces #&! %#teets7/ Stor#'e of %#teetsB/ Pro!uct$o& of boo! ces (!ur$&' fet# $fe)

MU'OS($(SSO')(TED LYMPHO)D T)SSUE *M(LT+• D$'est$"e. res%$r#tory. 'e&$tour$&#ry tr#cts #re co**o& s$tes of %#t+o'e& $&"#s$o&

• or %rotect$o&. t+e *ucos# co&&ect$"e t$ssue of t+ese tr#cts co&t#$&s !e&!r$t$c ces.

y*%+ocytes (2 ces #&! T ces CD8 +e%er). I'A6secret$&' %#s*# ces. APC. #&!y*%+o$! &o!ues/

TONS)L

E&c#%su#te! y*%+o$! t$ssue y$&' be&e#t+ #&! $& co&t#ct 1$t+ t+e e%$t+e$u* of t+e or#c#"$ty #&! %+#ry&

• P##t$&e to&s$o Ly*%+ocytes for* # b#&! t+#t co&t#$&s free y*%+ocytes #&! y*%+o$!

&o!ues 1$t+ 'er*$&# ce&terso C#%sue %rotects #'#$&st s%re#!$&' to&s$ $&fect$o&

• P+#ry&'e# to&s$

• L$&'u# to&s$PEYE-S P(T'H

• L#r'e #''re'#tes of y*%+o$! fo$ces $& t+e 1# of t+e $eu*



• Co"er$&' t+e &o!ue (y*%+o$! fo$ces)0 s%ec$#$9e! M cells 1$t+ #%$c# *$crofo!s.

1+$c+ co&t$&uousy s#*%e #&t$'e&s #&! *$croor'#&$s*s $& t+e $&test$&# u*e&/

• A&t$'e&$c *#ter$# bou&! to t+e #%$c# surf#ce of M ces → tr#&cytos$s to y*%+ocytes

#&! APC $&s$!e t+e %oc-et

• T +e%er ces #&! 2 ces $&$t$#te #!#%t$"e res%o&ses to t+e #&t$'e&s

• T+e 2 ces '$"e r$se to %#s*# ces secret$&' I'A. 1+$c+ $s tr#&s%orte! $&to t+e

$&test$&# u*e&

%ONE M(O. Co&s$sts of +e*#to%o$et$c ces (eryt+ro$!. *yeo$!. y*%+o$!. #&! *e'#-#ryocyte. #!$%oset$ssue. bo&e #&! $ts ces (osteob#sts. osteoc#sts). #&! stro*#

u&ct$o&0

• Su%%y *#ture +e*#to%o$et$c ces $&to t+e %er$%+er# boo! $& # ste#!y st#te co&!$t$o&#s 1e #s to res%o&! to $&cre#se! !e*#&!sPur$%ote&t ces *#$&t#$& # sef6re&e1# %ro%erty

T+e !$;ere&t$#t$o& of t+e ces $s st$*u#te! by coo&y6st$*u#t$&' f#ctors (CS. e/'/ IL6B)/CS $s %ro!uce! by ,brob#sts. stro*# ces. e&!ot+e$# ces. #&! *#cro%+#'es(st$*u#te! by IL6< #&! TN)

He*#to%o$et$c cor!s → 1+ere t+e +e*#to%o$es$s t#-es %#ce (outs$!e t+e "#scu#r s$&uses)

• Eryt+ro%o$es$s → #t eryt+ro%o$et$c $s#&! $& t+e bo&e *#rro1

• Gr#&uo%o$es$s → %ro$fer#t$o& #&! *#tur#t$o& of 'r#&u#te! eu-ocytes. oc#te! !ee%$& t+e cor!s #&! #rou&! t+e bo&e tr#becu#e

• Me'#-#ryo%o$es$s → occurs #!3#ce&t to t+e s$&us e%$t+e$u*Me'#-#ryocytes !e$"er %#teets !$recty to t+e s$&uso$!# boo!/

• Ly*%+o%o$es$s → y*%+ocyte %ro!uct$o&. co*%#rt*e&t#$9e! $& y*%+o$! fo$ces

At+ou'+ 2 6 ces *#ture $& t+e bo&e *#rro1 fro* +e*#to%o$et$c ste* ces. u%o&*#tur#t$o& *ost &#$"e 2 6 ces e#"e for t+e seco&!#ry y*%+o$! or'#&s #&! t$ssues 1+eret+ey c#& e&cou&ter #&t$'e&/

T+$s ree#se fro* t+e bo&e *#rro1 *#y be re'u#te! by s%+$&'os$&e < 6 %+os%+#te. 1+$c+

$s -&o1& to co&tro t+e e$t of y*%+ocytes fro* t+e t+y*us #&! y*%+ &o!es/

Act$"#te! 2 6 ces c#& rec$rcu#te b#c- to t+e bo&e *#rro1 #&! custer #rou&! "#scu#rs$&uso$!s/

I& t+$s oc#t$o& t+ey #re #be to %#rt#-e $& t+e 'e&er#t$o& of #&t$bo!y res%o&ses to boo! 6bor&e %#t+o'e&s #&! t+e$r sur"$"# $s *#$&t#$&e! by bo&e *#rro1 !e&!r$t$c ces secret$&'t+e cyto-$&e MI (*#cro%+#'e *$'r#t$o& $&+$b$tory f#ctor)/

T+e bo&e *#rro1 $s -&o1& to be t+e *#3or res$!e&ce of o&' $"e! %#s*# ces. t+e%recursors of 1+$c+ #re 'e&er#te! $& t+e 'er*$&# ce&ters of seco&!#ry y*%+o$! t$ssues/

T+us. t+e bo&e *#rro1 $s # *#3or source of seru* I'/

Reference:

H# E/ Guyto& #&! H# Tetboo- of Me!$c# P+ys$oo'y/ <7 t+ e!$t$o&/ S#u&!ers Ese"$er0P+$#!e%+$#: 7<</

H#r*e&$&' DM/ C$&$c# He*#too'y #&! u&!#*e&t#s of He*ost#s$s/ t+ e!$t$o&/ D#"$s:7F/

Mesc+er AL/ u&>ue$r#@s 2#s$c H$stoo'y Tet #&! At#s/ <7t+ e!$t$o&/ L#&'e: 7</

Tortor# G. Derr$c-so& 2H/ Pr$&c$%es of A&#to*y #&! P+ys$oo'y/ <7t+ e!$t$o&/ W$ey: 7F/

week_2_1-lymphoid tissue + organs in immunity

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